Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Prebiotic Properties of Fruit and Vegetable By- products - Mini Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Melquiades Silva de Andrade ◽  
Edira Castello Branco de Andrade Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
By Products ◽  
Intense Process

: Large part of the world production of fruit and vegetables is destined for processing by the food industry. This intense process generates tons of by-products which may be sources of fiber and bioactive compounds, as polyphenol and carotenoids. Thus, there is a growing number of studies for the valorization of these by-products focusing on the extraction of bioactive compounds. However, the total amount ingested of bioactive compounds may not reflect the amount available for intestinal absorption, which refers the bioaccessibility of these compounds. In addition, the interaction between bioactive compounds with dietary fiber and other nutrients may influence on their bioaccesiibility and may impair the understanding of the physiological effects of this by-product’s, as prebiotic potential. In this sense, the purpose of this review was to summarize the main results obtained on the bioaccessibility of the two major bioactive compounds of fruit and vegetable by-products, polyphenols and carotenoids, in order to corroborate the biopotential of this food matrix. Additionally, attempt to elucidate the relationship between these by-products’ composition and the emerging prebiotic property reported. In general, the bioaccessibility of polyphenols and carotenoid compounds from fruit and vegetable by-products shows high variability and it is suggested that composition of food matrix is one of the mainly factors for their bioaccessibility. In addition, it is observed a promising prebiotic effect from these by-products and, with this whole matrix as substrate, the prebiotic effect may be a result of the shared action of mainly prebiotic oligo- and polysaccharides and available polyphenols and metabolites.

scholarly journals Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Fruit and Vegetable Bagasse

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Fernanda dos Santos Cardoso ◽  
Ingrid Lessa Leal ◽  
Tatiana Barreto Rocha Nery
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
By Products

The use of agro-industrial residues is presented in food waste. The processing of them is an opportunity for the development of by-products, as well as the aggregation of lost value, and the sustainable use of these residues. The study aimed to characterize the bioactive compounds in grape, carrot, cocoa, and banana skins from the processing of juice, banana chips, and chocolate. The analyzed samples showed good moisture, satisfactory water activity value, with the highest flavonoid content in the grape sample (1.679 mg EQ/g) and the highest phenolic content in the cocoa epicarp sample (1.367 mg EAG/g). In this way, we verified the viability of using food peels in the food industry, enabling the use of waste generated.

scholarly journals Hazelnuts as Source of Bioactive Compounds and Health Value Underestimated Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
MATTIA DI NUNZIO
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Special Composition ◽  
By Products ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Hazelnut (HN) has found its way into nontraditional foods due to the recognition of its nutritional and nutraceutical properties. Among nut species, hazelnut plays a major role in human nutrition and health because of its special composition of fat (mainly oleic acid), dietary fibre, vitamins (vitamin E), minerals, phytosterols (mainly β-sitosterol), and antioxidant phenolics. In particular, lipids represent 60% of its dry weight and are mainly represented by triacylglycerols where the main fatty acids are oleic and linoleic acids. Furthermore,HN oil is an exceptional source of specific bioactive compounds as tocopherols, mainly α-tocopherol. Besides a favourable fatty acid profile and high tocopherols content, HNs are also a source of minerals and phytosterols, where potassium and β-sitosterol are the major ones. In addition, the presence of several phenolic antioxidants such as mono- and oligomericflavan 3-ols has been reported. HNs represent a very interesting food, and their nutritional and health value need to be further evidenced in intervention trials. In addition, the use of HN by-products as new functional ingredient represents an important challenge for the sector and the food industry.

scholarly journals Sustainable Use of Fruit and Vegetable By-Products to Enhance Food Packaging Performance

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Dilucia ◽  
Valentina Lacivita ◽  
Amalia Conte ◽  
Matteo A. Del Nobile
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
By Products

Fruit and vegetable by-products are the most abundant food waste. Industrial processes such as oil, juice, wine or sugar production greatly contribute to this amount. These kinds of residues are generally thrown away in form of leftover and used as feed or composted, but they are a great source of bioactive compounds like polyphenols, vitamins or minerals. The amount of residue with potential utilization after processing has been estimated in millions of tons every year. For this reason, many researchers all around the world are making great efforts to valorize and reuse these valuable resources. Of greatest importance is the by-product potential to enhance the properties of packaging intended for food applications. Therefore, this overview collects the most recent researches dealing with fruit and vegetable by-products used to enhance physical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of packaging systems. Recent advances on synthetic or bio-based films enriched with by-product components are extensively reviewed, with an emphasis on the role that by-product extracts can play in food packaging materials.

scholarly journals Larvae Mediated Valorization of Industrial, Agriculture and Food Wastes: Biorefinery Concept through Bioconversion, Processes, Procedures, and Products

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Harish Karthikeyan Ravi ◽  
Antoine Degrou ◽  
Jérôme Costil ◽  
Christophe Trespeuch ◽  
Farid Chemat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
The World ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
By Products

Each year, the food supply chain produces more than 1.3 billion tons of food and agricultural waste, which poses serious environmental problems. The loss of the massive quantity of secondary and primary metabolites retrievable from this resource is a significant concern. What if there is a global solution that caters to the numerous problems arising due to the humongous volume of waste biomass generated in every part of the world? Insects, the tiny creatures that thrive in decaying organic matter, which can concentrate the nutrients present in dilute quantities in a variety of by-products, are an economically viable option. The bioconversion and nutritional upcycling of waste biomass with insects yield high-value products such as protein, lipids, chitin and frass. Insect-derived proteins can replace conventional protein sources in feed formulations. Notably, the ability of the black soldier fly (BSF) or Hermetia illucens to grow on diverse substrates such as agri-food industry side streams and other organic waste proves advantageous. However, the data on industrial-scale extraction, fractionation techniques and biorefinery schemes for screening the nutritional potential of BSF are scarce. This review attempts to break down every facet of insect processing and analyze the processing methods of BSF, and the functional properties of nutrients obtained thereof.

scholarly journals Importance of Bioactive Compounds Present in Plant Products and Their Extraction – A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amardeep Kumar ◽  
Faizan Ahmad ◽  
Sadaf Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
By Products

India is one of the largest producers of fruits and vegetables in the world. These are rich sources of bioactive compounds which provide health benefits and also possess antioxidant therapeutic value. A large portion of fruits and vegetables goes unutilized in the form of pulp and peels after the extraction of juice in food processing industries. This contains a large number of bioactive compounds. The compounds like phenolic compounds, flavonoids and carotenoids are ubiquitously present in fruits, vegetables and their by-products. These compounds have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antitumor and many more activities to a greater or lesser extent. This review focuses on the bioactive compounds present in fruits, vegetables and their by-products along with their classification and importance in day to day life. A further aim of this review is to discuss various techniques employed in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant products. The antioxidant activity of various fruits and vegetables based on DPPH radical scavenging methods has also been reported in this work.

Trends in Food Bioactives in the COVID-19 Pandemic Year – JFB Audience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoon Shahidi ◽  
Adriano Costa De Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that COVID-19 could be characterized as a pandemic in March 11, 2020. As for the food industry and related sectors, food safety and security were the first subject of concern.  Since there was no evidence that COVID-19 had any effect on food safety and security, the attention was changed to the potential of nutraceuticals and functional foods in positively affecting immunity in the context COVID-19. As for the feedstocks, our readership has shown a great deal of interest in fruits (e.g. pomegranate, grapes, berries, mushrooms, and soybean) and the industrial products thereof (e.g. wine, smoothies, miso), while lipids, peptides, and phenolic compounds were in the spotlight among the bioactive compounds. Considering the number of downloads of each paper, this report provides a cursory account of selected examples to illustrate the trends in food bioactives in the COVID-19 Pandemic Year.

scholarly journals Characterization and Application of Pomegranate Epicarp Extracts as Functional Ingredients in a Typical Brazilian Pastry Product

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe da Silva Veloso ◽  
Cristina Caleja ◽  
Ricardo C. Calhelha ◽  
Tânia C. S. Pires ◽  
Maria José Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
By Products

Currently, there is a clear tendency to incorporate natural ingredients into food and pharmaceutical formulations. Besides being well-accepted by consumers, these ingredients have less adverse side effects than their artificial counterparts. The pomegranate processing industry produces large quantities of by-products that are discarded as bio-residues, despite containing bioactive compounds. Accordingly, the epicarp of two pomegranate varieties (Mollar de Elche and Purple Queen) was tested as a potential source of bioactive compounds with food application. The phenolic profile was identified by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS, revealing fourteen phenolic compounds in both varieties (Purple Queen showed also three anthocyanins), with punicalagin isomers as the major compounds. Nonetheless, Mollar de Elche presented greater antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Despite this result, Purple Queen was selected to be tested as a new natural colouring and functionalizing ingredient in a Brazilian pastry product. The incorporation of the selected extract maintained the nutritional profile and provided a higher antioxidant activity compared to the traditional product. In this way, this work confirmed the possible use of pomegranate epicarp as a natural ingredient in the food industry, conferring dyeing and functionalizing effects, and anticipating a possible valorisation of this bio-residue.

scholarly journals Strategies to Increase the Biological and Biotechnological Value of Polysaccharides from Agricultural Waste for Application in Healthy Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5937
Author(s):  
María Ángeles Rivas ◽  
Rocío Casquete ◽  
Alberto Martín ◽  
María de Guía Córdoba ◽  
Emilio Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the extraction and identification of new high added-value compounds from the agro-food industry that will valorize the great amount of by-products generated. Many of these bioactive compounds have shown beneficial effects for humans in terms of disease prevention, but they are also of great interest in the food industry due to their effect of extending the shelf life of foods by their well-known antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. For this reason, an additional research objective is to establish the best conditions for obtaining these compounds from complex by-product structures without altering their activity or even increasing it. This review highlights recent work on the identification and characterization of bioactive compounds from vegetable by-products, their functional activity, new methodologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from vegetables, possibly increasing their biological activity, and the future of the global functional food and nutraceuticals market.

scholarly journals The American 'House of Cards' – A View from a Cultural, Political and Translation-Related Perspective

Linguaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-125
Author(s):  
Attila Imre
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
House Of Cards ◽  
The World ◽  
Tv Show ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
By Products ◽  
Insight Into

The present article offers an introduction to the relationship between the entertainment and translation industry, arguing that dubbings and subtitles are by-products of the entertainment industry, directly contributing to the success of the show. It also deals with the translator’s competence, offering examples of translation challenges from the (in)famous American TV show, House of Cards, connected to terms and expressions pertaining to general knowledge of the world and of the United States. The Introduction offers an insight into audiovisual translation and its successful branches and explains binge-watching and binge-translation as well, also including several scholars’ analyses of the TV show. The Methodological Background describes how a collection of term bases came into being starting from the original English script and several Romanian subtitles of the episodes of official (DVD-release and Netflix) and amateur (freely available online) versions. This is followed by thirty examples in two sets, discussing the translation of terms belonging to general knowledge and US geopolitics in particular. The Conclusions section discusses the terms of ‘professional’ and ‘amateur’ translator irrespective of their qualifications, focusing instead on ‘quality assurance’, a rather subjective term. Certain corpus-based findings are also highlighted connected to the possibilities of relying on generalization, explicitation or calque referring to general culture and US politics focusing on the intelligibility of politicotainment, a term recently coined by Riegert.

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