Pharmacological Importance of Peach Gum Polysaccharide: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Yang Goh ◽  
Lai Ti Gew
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Peach Gum ◽  
Natural Gum

Background: Peach gum is a natural gum exudate secreted from a peach tree (Prunus persica) from a process known as physiological gummosis. Peach gum is a natural biopolymer that is composed of acidic polysaccharides with a high percentage of arabinose and galactose subunit, which classifies it as an arabinogalactan. Objectives: This review summarizes the compositions, chemical structures, physical properties, biological properties of peach gum, and its potential biotechnological applications. Method: Literature search was performed using Google Scholar using keywords such as Peach Gum, Prunus persica. Only articles written in English and articles with downloadable full-texts were included in this review. Results: Peach gum polysaccharides possess antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-diabetic, and hypolipidemic properties. Excellent emulsification properties of PGP show it has potential to be employed as a food-grade emulsifier. Conclusion: PGP exhibits excellent emulsification, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic properties. As plastic pollution has become an alarming global issue, PGP could be a promising edible raw material in the field of bioplastic research and development.

Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Degradation of Some New 3,5-dimethyl Pyrazole Derivatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Anca Mihaela Mocanu ◽  
Constantin Luca ◽  
Alina Costina Luca
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
New Products ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Elemental Analysis Data ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
And Storage

The purpose of this research is to synthetize, characterize and thermal degradation of new heterolytic derivates with potential biological properties. The derivates synthesis was done by obtaining new molecules with pyralozone structure which combine two pharmacophore entities: the amidosulfonyl-R1,R2 phenoxyacetil with the 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole which can have potential biological properties. The synthesis stages of the new products are presented as well as the elemental analysis data and IR, 1H-NMR spectral measurements made for elucidating the chemical structures and thermostability study which makes evident the temperature range proper for their use and storage. The obtained results were indicative of a good correlation of the structure with the thermal stability as estimated by means of the initial degradation temperatures as well as with the degradation mechanism by means of the TG-FTIR analysis.

Chitosan in Biomedical Engineering: A Critical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Mohebbi ◽  
Mojtaba Nasiri Nezhad ◽  
Payam Zarrintaj ◽  
Seyed Hassan Jafari ◽  
Saman Seyed Gholizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Unique Chemical

Biomedical engineering seeks to enhance the quality of life by developing advanced materials and technologies. Chitosan-based biomaterials have attracted significant attention because of having unique chemical structures with desired biocompatibility and biodegradability, which play different roles in membranes, sponges and scaffolds, along with promising biological properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity. Therefore, chitosan derivatives have been widely used in a vast variety of uses, chiefly pharmaceuticals and biomedical engineering. It is attempted here to draw a comprehensive overview of chitosan emerging applications in medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer therapy, ophthalmology, dentistry, bio-imaging, bio-sensing and diagnosis. The use of Stem Cells (SCs) has given an interesting feature to the use of chitosan so that regenerative medicine and therapeutic methods have benefited from chitosan-based platforms. Plenty of the most recent discussions with stimulating ideas in this field are covered that could hopefully serve as hints for more developed works in biomedical engineering.

scholarly journals Formation of Amphiphilic Molecules from the Most Common Marine Polysaccharides, toward a Sustainable Alternative?

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4445
Author(s):  
Tiphaine Wong ◽  
Lorette Brault ◽  
Eric Gasparotto ◽  
Romuald Vallée ◽  
Pierre-Yves Morvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Amphiphilic Molecules

Marine polysaccharides are part of the huge seaweeds resources and present many applications for several industries. In order to widen their potential as additives or bioactive compounds, some structural modifications have been studied. Among them, simple hydrophobization reactions have been developed in order to yield to grafted polysaccharides bearing acyl-, aryl-, alkyl-, and alkenyl-groups or fatty acid chains. The resulting polymers are able to present modified physicochemical and/or biological properties of interest in the current pharmaceutical, cosmetics, or food fields. This review covers the chemical structures of the main marine polysaccharides, and then focuses on their structural modifications, and especially on hydrophobization reactions mainly esterification, acylation, alkylation, amidation, or even cross-linking reaction on native hydroxyl-, amine, or carboxylic acid functions. Finally, the question of the necessary requirement for more sustainable processes around these structural modulations of marine polysaccharides is addressed, considering the development of greener technologies applied to traditional polysaccharides.

scholarly journals Insight on Solution Plasma in Aqueous Solution and Their Application in Modification of Chitin and Chitosan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4308
Author(s):  
Chayanaphat Chokradjaroen ◽  
Jiangqi Niu ◽  
Gasidit Panomsuwan ◽  
Nagahiro Saito
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Plasma Process ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Insight Into

Sustainability and environmental concerns have persuaded researchers to explore renewable materials, such as nature-derived polysaccharides, and add value by changing chemical structures with the aim to possess specific properties, like biological properties. Meanwhile, finding methods and strategies that can lower hazardous chemicals, simplify production steps, reduce time consumption, and acquire high-purified products is an important task that requires attention. To break through these issues, electrical discharging in aqueous solutions at atmospheric pressure and room temperature, referred to as the “solution plasma process”, has been introduced as a novel process for modification of nature-derived polysaccharides like chitin and chitosan. This review reveals insight into the electrical discharge in aqueous solutions and scientific progress on their application in a modification of chitin and chitosan, including degradation and deacetylation. The influencing parameters in the plasma process are intensively explained in order to provide a guideline for the modification of not only chitin and chitosan but also other nature-derived polysaccharides, aiming to address economic aspects and environmental concerns.

Digital light procession three-dimensional printing acrylate/collagen composite airway stent for tracheomalacia

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zhou ◽  
Qianyi Han ◽  
Jun Tai ◽  
Beibei Liu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perfect Match ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Airway Stent ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Recently, more and more researchers have focused on airway stent applied in tracheomalacia. The airway stents for clinical application were usually manufactured in accordance with a fixed pattern, which were difficult to perfect match with children, especially infants. Digital light procession of light curing acrylate resin implantation showed higher accuracy and printing speed over traditional three-dimensional printing techniques. In this article, a novel personalized airway stent was developed by digital light procession three-dimensional printing and was modified by collagen I extracted from the fish scales. The morphology of the collagen-modified airway stent was examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the chemical structures were examined by attenuated total internal reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of this synthetic acrylate/collagen composite airway stent was characterized by water contact angle test and cell culture. The results confirmed that the composite airway stent was hydrophilic and non-cytotoxic toward a cultured human bronchial epithelial cell line with good cell viability and show excellent physicochemical and biological properties. In conclusion, this study presented the three-dimensional printing composite acrylate and collagen airway stent may have potential in customized treatment for tracheomalacia.

Solid Phase Synthesis of Novel Fullerene Nucleotides Conjugates

2011 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Ya Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase Synthesis ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Azomethine Ylide ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Phase Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Controlled Pore Glass

N-substituted 3, 4-fullero pyrrolidine was synthesized according to 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition of the azomethine ylide. Aspartic acid with protected α-amino and α-carboxyl groups was reacted with the activated hydroxyl group of N-substituted 3, 4-fullero pyrrolidine. The products were deprotected, affording the monofullerene aspartic acid (mFas). The conjugate FasT was synthesized by reaction of mFas containing protected amino group with the thymidylic acid derivatived controlled pore glass (CPG) using solid phase synthesis. All of the above fullerene derivatives were characterized by UV–vis, 1H NMR, IR and MS spectrometric analysis, giving the correct spectra with regard to their chemical structure. The chemical structures of fullerene nucleotides conjugate FasT is different from previous reports and may have novel biological properties. Moreover, they are more suitable for applications in biomedical research due to their solubilization in THF and DMSO. They have a potential to be used as monomer for the automatic synthesis. It allows further conjugation with specific biomolecules including amino acids, peptides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. A novel method has been developed to synthesize fullerene nucleotides conjugate. Their unique chemical structures make them very interesting for their potential use in medicine and biology.

Total Synthesis of DHA and DPAn-3 non-enzymatic oxylipins

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
alexandre guy ◽  
Jérémy Merad ◽  
Thomas Degrange ◽  
Guillaume Reversat ◽  
Valérie Bultel-Poncé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Structural Variety ◽  
Synthetic Strategy

Oxylipins are formed in-vivo from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A large structural variety of compounds is grouped under the term oxylipins, which differ from their formation mechanism (involving enzymes or not), as well as their chemical structures (cyclopentanes, tetrahydrofurans, hydroxylated-PUFA etc.). All structures of oxylipins are of great biological interests. Directly correlated to oxidative stress phenomenon, non-enzymatic oxylipins are used as systemic and/or specific biomarkers in various pathologies and more especially, they were found to have their own biological properties. Produced in-vivo as a non-separable mixture of isomers, total synthesis is a keystone to answer biological questions. In this work, we described the total synthesis of three non-enzymatic oxylipins derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentanoic acid (DPAn-3) using a unique and convergent synthetic strategy.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination and Quantification of Triterpene Saponins from Camellia sinensis Seeds Using UPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS/MS

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejin Wu ◽  
Lingyan Jia ◽  
Jiafan Wu ◽  
Yawen Liu ◽  
Hyunuk Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Fragmentation Pattern ◽  
Triterpene Saponins ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Saponin Content

Saponins in the Camellia sinensis seeds have a broad spectrum of biological properties and application potentials. However, up to now, no chromatographic methods have been developed to provide full fingerprinting and quality assurance for these saponins. This research aimed to develop a novel method to tentatively identify and quantify saponins in C. sinensis seeds by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo-diode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS/MS), and compare it with the classic vanillin-sulfuric acid assay. Fifty-one triterpene saponins, including six potentially new compounds, were simultaneously detected by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS, and their chemical structures were speculated according to the retention behavior and fragmentation pattern. The total saponin content in the crude extract and the purified saponin fraction of C. sinensis seeds were quantified to be 19.57 ± 0.05% (wt %) and 41.68 ± 0.09% (wt %) respectively by UPLC-PDA at 210 nm, while the corresponding values were determined to be 43.11 ± 3.17% (wt %) and 56.60 ± 5.79% (wt %) respectively by the vanillin-sulfuric acid assay. The developed UPLC-PDA -MS/MS method could determine specified saponins, and is more reliable for quantifying the C. sinensis seed saponins than the classic spectrophotometric method. It is of great significance for the future investigations and applications of these saponins.

scholarly journals Alkaloids from Plants with Antimalarial Activity: A Review of Recent Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip F. Uzor
Keyword(s):  
Structural Modification ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Plasmodium Parasite ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
And Control

Malaria is one of the major health problems in developing countries. The disease kills a large number of people every year and also affects financial status of many countries. Resistance of the plasmodium parasite, the causative agent, to the existing drugs, including chloroquine, mefloquine, and artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT), is a serious global issue in malaria treatment and control. This warrants an urgent quest for novel compounds, particularly from natural sources such as medicinal plants. Alkaloids have over the years been recognized as important phytoconstituents with interesting biological properties. In fact, the first successful antimalarial drug was quinine, an alkaloid, which was extracted from Cinchona tree. In the present review work, the alkaloids isolated and reported recently (2013 till 2019) to possess antimalarial activity are presented. Several classes of alkaloids, including terpenoidal, indole, bisindole, quinolone, and isoquinoline alkaloids, were identified with a promising antimalarial activity. It is hoped that the reports of the review work will spur further research into the structural modification and/or development of the interesting compounds as novel antimalarial drugs.

scholarly journals Prediction of Side Effects Using Comprehensive Similarity Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukyung Seo ◽  
Taekeon Lee ◽  
Mi-hyun Kim ◽  
Youngmi Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chemical Structures

Identifying the potential side effects of drugs is crucial in clinical trials in the pharmaceutical industry. The existing side effect prediction methods mainly focus on the chemical and biological properties of drugs. This study proposes a method that uses diverse information such as drug-drug interactions from DrugBank, drug-drug interactions from network, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and side effect anatomical hierarchy as well as chemical structures, indications, and targets. The proposed method is based on the assumption that properties used in drug repositioning studies could be utilized to predict side effects because the phenotypic expression of a side effect is similar to that of the disease. The prediction results using the proposed method showed a 3.5% improvement in the area under the curve (AUC) over that obtained when only chemical, indication, and target features were used. The random forest model delivered outstanding results for all combinations of feature types. Finally, after identifying candidate side effects of drugs using the proposed method, the following four popular drugs were discussed: (1) dasatinib, (2) sitagliptin, (3) vorinostat, and (4) clonidine.

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