A Review on Pharmacological Activities and Active Phytoconstituents of Roadside Trees of Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunambiga Subramaniam ◽  
Praveena Alagaraj ◽  
Balakrishnan Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Modern Knowledge ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Pharmacologically Active Compounds

: Roadsides are habitats with very specific environmental conditions, often substantially differing from their natural surroundings. Roadside trees provide home for many floral and faunal species and have many environmental benefits including removing air pollutants, supporting wildlife etc. Many medicinal plants including road side trees have been discovered and traditionally they are being used for treating many kinds of diseases. Phytochemicals are chemical compounds that are usually secreted by the plants for performing functions like defense against insects, fungi, diseases and animals that feed on them. These phytochemicals with potential biological activities have been identified from various plant species, yet many of the medicinal potency of the plants remain unexplored. Modern knowledge on the potential value of the medicinal plants has made it possible for the researchers and medical practitioners to use the plant derived products in modern medicine with diminished adverse effects. Road side plants in Tamilnadu also possess many such pharmacologically active compounds with therapeutical actions.

scholarly journals Biotransformation of Oleanane and Ursane Triterpenic Acids

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5526
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Luchnikova ◽  
Victoria V. Grishko ◽  
Irina B. Ivshina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Microbial Transformation ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Triterpenic Acids ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Pharmacologically Active Compounds

Oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids are secondary metabolites of plants found in various climatic zones and regions. This group of compounds is highly attractive due to their diverse biological properties and possible use as intermediates in the synthesis of new pharmacologically promising substances. By now, their antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and other activities have been confirmed. In the last decade, methods of microbial synthesis of these compounds and their further biotransformation using microorganisms are gaining much popularity. The present review provides clear evidence that industrial microbiology can be a promising way to obtain valuable pharmacologically active compounds in environmentally friendly conditions without processing huge amounts of plant biomass and using hazardous and expensive chemicals. This review summarizes data on distribution, microbial synthesis, and biological activities of native oleanane and ursane triterpenoids. Much emphasis is put on the processes of microbial transformation of selected oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids and on the bioactivity assessment of the obtained derivatives.

scholarly journals Chemical basis underline the bioactivity fortification of licorice by honey-frying due to the natural deep eutectic solvent characteristics of honey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasha Kong ◽  
Pengyue Li ◽  
Robert Verpoorte ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Chao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Synergistic Mechanism ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Novel Applications

Abstract Background Honey has been widely used in medicine plants processing since ancient times. Honey-frying of herbal medicine is a well-known treatment in Chinese medicine. It has been reported that honey-frying can improve the immunomodulatory efficacy of licorice. However, it is still unknown why honey-frying improves the immunomodulatory activity of licorice. And our previous research demonstrated that honey has natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) characteristics. NADES is a kind of solvent with broad polarity range and has attracted extensive attention of scholars in different fields. In the present study, we investigated chemical basis underline the possible potentiation of honey-frying on licorice to elucidate its chemical mechanism. Methods Firstly, immunological experiments were conducted to investigate whether the honey-processing could enhance the immunomodulatory efficacy of licorice. Then, the synergistic mechanism of honey-processed licorice was explored based on cell biological activity test, chemical composition test, bioavailability test, and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectra. Results Pharmacological experiment verified that honey-processing enhanced the immunomodulatory efficacy of licorice. Moreover, honey increased the total flavonoid and polysaccharide contents in licorice decoction, improved the thermal stability and oral bioavailability of certain pharmacologically active constituents, and augmented their overall immunostimulatory functions. Similar effects of honey were also observed with NADES. The above effects are due to multiple molecular interactions between active compounds and sugar molecules of NADES. Conclusion These findings indicate that the biological activities of medicinal plants might be fortified by NADES/honey in the processing of the plant material. At the meantime, these findings provide theoretical and empirical basis for potential novel applications of honey or other NADESs at augmenting the health-promoting effects of medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Ursolic Acid-Based Derivatives as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuyolwethu Khwaza ◽  
Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji ◽  
Blessing A. Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways

Ursolic acid is a pharmacologically active pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from medicinal plants, fruit, and vegetables. The pharmacological activities of ursolic acid have been extensively studied over the past few years and various reports have revealed that ursolic acid has multiple biological activities, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, etc. In terms of cancer treatment, ursolic acid interacts with a number of molecular targets that play an essential role in many cell signaling pathways. It suppresses transformation, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis of tumor cells. Although ursolic acid has many benefits, its therapeutic applications in clinical medicine are limited by its poor bioavailability and absorption. To overcome such disadvantages, researchers around the globe have designed and developed synthetic ursolic acid derivatives with enhanced therapeutic effects by structurally modifying the parent skeleton of ursolic acid. These structurally modified compounds display enhanced therapeutic effects when compared to ursolic acid. This present review summarizes various synthesized derivatives of ursolic acid with anti-cancer activity which were reported from 2015 to date.

Health Benefits of Furanocoumarins ‘Psoralidin’ An Active Phytochemical of Psoralea corylifolia: The Present, Past and Future Scenario

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Kanika Patel ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Amita Verma ◽  
Mahfoozur Rahman ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analytical Tools

Background: Phytoconstituents of fruits, vegetables, spice and herbs are important for human health. Phytoconstituents play an important role in the growth, development, defensive mechanism, colors, odour and flavors of plants. Psoralea corylifolia Linn (P. corylifolia) commonly known as ‘Bakuchi’ belongs to Leguminosae family widely distributed in China and Southeastern Asian countries. Methods: Various electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google were searched to collect the data of the present review. Further, all the collected information was categorized into different section as per the aim of the paper. Moreover, analyzed data were also presented in the graphical abstract. Results: Seventy-two research and review papers have been collected and were included in the present review. Nineteen papers contained general information’s of P. corylifolia, Psoralens and psoralidin whereas thirty paper data were presented in the pharmacological activities sections and remaining in the Analytical tools and discussion section. From these databases, we can say that P. corylifolia possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antioxidant, antiflarial, estrogenic, antitumour, and immunomodulatory activities. Psoralens are mainly used in the treatment of psoriasis, vitiligo and dermatitis. Topical or oral psoralens followed by UVA radiation exposure are one of the best treatments of leucoderma. Psoralidin exhibits antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. Conclusion: This review summarizes an overview of P. corylifolia, psoralen and its derivative psoralidin with respects to their pharmacological activities, medicinal uses, biological activities and bioanalytical aspects. These data will be helpful in the translation of information from traditional to the modern medicine of psoralidin.

scholarly journals Ethno-medicinal Plants Used by the People of Nawalparasi District, Central Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bhattarai ◽  
R.P. Chaudhary ◽  
R. SL Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
The People ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Management Approaches

Despite new advances in modern medicine, the cultural use of plant in traditional medicine continues from ancient time to this day all over the world. The present research seeks to explore ethnomedicinal plants used by the local people of Nawalparasi district for primary healthcare. Local healers were interviewed regarding the detail uses of plants. When convenient a jungle or forest walk was also conducted, accompanying local healers for plant collection and detailed information gathering. A rich and unique diversity of 94 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 49 families under 86 genera were documented. In Nawalparasi, the expense of modern medical treatment combined with the poor economic status of indigenous people and a strong belief in the traditional medicine and traditional medical practitioners are the main reasons for the persistence of the traditional healing system. In addition, we have also documented a lack of continuation and flow of indigenous knowledge from the elders to the younger generation. Youth tend to be attracted by the wave of modernization and do not appreciate the importance of conservation of traditional knowledge. The use of plants in Nawalparasi is an old tradition and the exploration of such unique cultures should be completed thoroughly so that the oral traditions are not lost forever. Immediate conservation and management approaches of valuable medicinal plants with the involvement of local indigenous people of Nawalparasi district will encourage the sustainable conservation of both biological and cultural diversity.Key words: Traditional medicine; Local healers; Healthcare; Conservation; NawalparasiDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2555Our Nature (2009) 7:82-99

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of HIV and AIDS-Related Conditions in Makete District, Southern Highlands of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-83
Author(s):  
Alphonce Ignace Marealle ◽  
Ester Innocent ◽  
Kerstin Andrae- Marobela ◽  
Michael Qwarse ◽  
Mainen Moshi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Hiv 1

Aims: Plants used in traditional medicine have contributed to the development of modern medicines, but in order to boost the discovery of novel drugs to fight diseases such as HIV/AIDS and emerging new diseases, systematic evaluation of many more plants needs to continue. The aim of the present study was to document medicinal plants used in the management of HIV and AIDS-related conditions in Makete District, Tanzania. Study Design:  This was qualitative ethnopharmacological survey. Place and Duration of Study: Makete District in Njombe Region, Tanzania between March and April 2019. Methodology: This ethnopharmacological survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study focused only on traditional health practitioners (THP) registered by government health authorities in Makete District. The HIV and AIDS-related conditions considered in this study were tuberculosis, Herpes zoster, candidiasis, sexually transmitted infections, cough, skin rashes, frequent fevers, chronic diarrhea, chronic wounds, warts, oral thrush and weight loss. Literature survey was carried out to evaluate strength of the THP claims based on similar ethnopharmacological claims and proven pharmacological activities of the plants. Results: Among the ten THP interviewed seven were male and three were female. The average age and years of practice were 57.5 and 26.5 years, respectively. Thirty-seven plant species representing 36 genera and 27 families were reported to be used for the treatment of different HIV and AIDS-related conditions. Twelve (32.4 %) and 15 (40.5 %) species did not have previously reported ethnopharmacological and pharmacological activities, respectively. Among the 37 plant species identified 13 species (35%) have been previously reported for similar ethnopharmacological uses and 12 (32%) species had literature reports on respective biological activities. Nine species have reported antiviral activity and seven of them displayed specific activities against HIV-1. Conclusion: A significant number of medicinal plants identified in this study are reported here for the first time in relation to their use for HIV and AIDS-related conditions. The study also provides information that correlates well with previously published ethnopharmacological information or laboratory results of tests against HIV-1 or related conditions, thus justifying the need for screening and detailed studies intended to isolate and characterize compounds active against HIV and related conditions.

scholarly journals A review on phytochemical and ethnopharmacological studies of Ajuga Bracteosa Wall. Ex Benth.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-492
Author(s):  
Tabasum Ali ◽  
Zahida Shah ◽  
Rabiah Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Cardiotonic Activity ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Pharmacologically Active Compounds

Herbal medicines as the major remedy in traditional system of medicine have been used in medical practices since antiquity. The plants of genus Ajuga are evergreen, clump-forming rhizomatous perennial or annual herbaceous flowering species, with Ajuga being one of the 266 genera of the family Lamiaceae. There are at least 301 species of the genus Ajuga with many variations. Ajugabracteosa Wall. ex Benth (A. bracteosa) is an important medicinal plant of Himalaya regions. Medicinal potential is due to presence of of various pharmacologically active compounds such as neo-clerodane diterpenoids, flavonol glycosides, iridoid glycosides, ergosterol-5,8- endoperoxide and phytoecdysones. The aim of this review article was to gather information about A. bracteosa which is currently scattered in form of various publications. This review article tried to attract the attention from people for therapeutic potential of A. bracteosa. The present review comprises upto date information of,traditional uses, botanical aspects, active ingredients and pharmacological activities such as antitumor, antimicrobial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic activity, antiarthritic activity, antioxidant activity . A large variety of compounds have so far been isolated from Ajuga bracteosa. Keywords:  Ajuga bracteosa, Herbal medicines, pharmacological activities.

The practical and potential importance of herbs such as ginger in Chemical Environmental Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
 Hadi Erfani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
The Creation

<!-- wp:paragraph {"align":"justify"} --> <p class="has-text-align-justify">This article examines the medicinal and dietary supplement on the biological activities of identified chemicals from Ginger (<em>Zingiber officinale</em>) of Zingibracea family. Ginger have long been used in traditional medicine. One of the plants that is very effective in extracting essential oils is ginger, which has been studied by researchers in agricultural sciences and chemistry. The use of medicinal plants has a long history and one It has been one of the most important sources for overcoming the disease. Then From the creation of modern medicine and the widespread use of drugs chemically, people's tendency to medicinal plants decreased. Ginger plants are used, which can lead to the development and progress of countries. Ginger is a rhizome plant that grows to a height of 90cm centimeters.

Therapeutic Potential of Poncirin Against Numerous Human Health Complications: Medicinal Uses and Therapeutic Benefit of an Active Principle of Citrus Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Human Gastric Cancer ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Biological Importance ◽  
Health Complications

: Medicinal plants have been used in the indigenous system of medicine for the treatment of numerous human health complications. Medicinal plants were used for the separation and isolation of pure phytochemical and some of the best examples are tubocurarine, aspirin, morphine, digoxin, atropine, quinine and reserpine. Phytoconstituents are pure plant derived natural chemical found to be present in the medicinal plants and examples are flavonoids, alkaloids and phenolic compounds etc. In the modern medicine there is global growth of herbal medicines due to their nutrition, physical effectiveness and pharmacological activities. Plants have been used in the traditional medicines and modern drug discoveries program. In order to investigate the biological potential of poncirin in modern medicine, here different scientific data have been analyzed in the present investigation through various literature sources. Detailed pharmacological activities of poncirin were also investigated in the present investigation to reveal the medicinal properties of poncirin in the medicine and other allied health sectors. Analytical techniques used for the isolation of poncirin from various medicinal plants have been also presented in this study. Poncirin is a flavanone glycoside found to be present in the Poncirus trifoliata and Citrus reticulate having bitter taste. Biological importance of poncirin for their anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of PGE2 and IL-6 production has been investigated in the scientific field. Biological importance of poncirin against bacterial, viral infections, gastric disease and human gastric cancer has been investigated in the medicine. Pharmacological data analysis revealed the biological application of poncirin against bone loss, inflammation, colitis, human gastric cancer, gastritis, liver injury and alzheimer's disease. From the analysis of the presented scientific information of poncirin it was found that poncirin have significant biological activities and health benefit in the modern health sectors for the treatment of human health complications and could be used as a drug in the future.

scholarly journals Ammi Visnaga L., a Potential Medicinal Plant: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha Khalil ◽  
Mokhtar Bishr ◽  
Samar Desouky ◽  
Osama Salama
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Coronary Insufficiency ◽  
Relaxant Effect ◽  
Ammi Visnaga ◽  
Long Time

Ammi visnaga L. (Visnaga daucoides Gaertn., Family Apiaceae), also known as Khella Baldi or toothpick weed, is an annual or biennial herb indigenous to the Mediterranean region of North Africa, Asia, and Europe. The plant is known to have been used in traditional medicine a long time ago. Nowadays, it is used in modern medicine to treat many aliments such as renal colic and coronary insufficiency, and is used as an antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial, with a larvicidal effect on mosquito larvae. Peer-reviewed studies show that these pharmacological activities are due its valuable chemical constituents that include mainly essential oil, polyphenolic compounds including flavonoids, as well as γ-pyrones, represented mainly by khellin and visnagin. Its essential oil is reported to have antiviral, antibacterial, and larvicidal effects, while its flavonoid content is responsible for its antioxidant activity. Its γ-pyrone content has a powerful effect on facilitating the passage of kidney stones and relieving renal colic, in addition to having a relaxant effect on smooth muscle including that of the coronary arteries. The current review represents the progress in research on A. visnaga in terms of either its chemistry or biological activities. This review represents scientific support material for the use of the plant by the pharmaceutical industry.

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