The Interplay Between Asthma and Other Diseases: Role of Ca2+/cAMP Signalling

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-327
Author(s):  
Leandro B. Bergantin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Camp Signalling ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
The World

Objective: Asthma is correlated with a higher risk of manifesting other diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, psychiatric and neurological diseases, and cancer. Therefore, revealing this interplay between asthma and these illnesses may provide novel insights into their pathogenesis. Results: It is highly debated that dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis of these maladies. Not surprisingly, calcium (Ca2+) channel blockers (CCBs), classically used as antihypertensive medicines, have been demonstrating off-label effects such as alleviating asthma symptoms, in addition to antidiabetic, antiobesity, anticancer and antineurodegenerative effects. Our studies about Ca2+/cAMP signalling may shed some new light on this field. Conclusion: Thus, considering that asthma and associated illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases have become highly prevalent medical problems in the world, the comprehension of this interplay between asthma and other disorders could improve drug therapy.

The interplay among epilepsy, Parkinson´s disease, and inflammation: revisiting the link through Ca2+/cAMPsignalling

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Bueno Bergantin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Camp Signalling ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Robust Evidence

Background: Robust evidence has described that Parkinson´s disease (PD) is associated with an increased risk for of developing epileptic seizures. In fact, an interplay between PD and epilepsy has been of interest for many years. An emerging hypothesis is that inflammation could link both diseases. Objective: Considering Bearing in mind the experience of our group in the field of Ca2+/cAMP signalling pathways, this article discussed, beyond inflammation, the role of these signalling pathways in theis link between PD and epilepsy. Methods: Publications involving Ca2+/cAMPsignalling pathways, PD, and epilepsy (alone or combined) were collected by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Results: The comprehension of the interplay between PD and epilepsy could improve the drug therapy. In addition, a Ca2+signallingsignaling dyshomeostasis due to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an emerging and rapidly evolving situation, has been reported. Conclusion: Thus, this article also discussed debated recent findings about of therapeutics involving Ca2+ channel blockers for preventing Ca2+signallingsignaling dyshomeostasis due to COVID-19, including the correlation among COVID-19, epilepsy, and PD.

Biobanking for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Challenge for Translational Research and Data Privacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 107385842110366
Author(s):  
Emilia Giannella ◽  
Valentino Notarangelo ◽  
Caterina Motta ◽  
Giulia Sancesario
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
In Silico Studies

Biobanking has emerged as a strategic challenge to promote knowledge on neurological diseases, by the application of translational research. Due to the inaccessibility of the central nervous system, the advent of biobanks, as structure collecting biospecimens and associated data, are essential to turn experimental results into clinical practice. Findings from basic research, omics sciences, and in silico studies, definitely require validation in clinically well-defined cohorts of patients, even more valuable when longitudinal, or including preclinical and asymptomatic individuals. Finally, collecting biological samples requires a great effort to guarantee respect for transparency and protection of sensitive data of patients and donors. Since the European General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 has been approved, concerns about the use of data in biomedical research have emerged. In this narrative review, we focus on the essential role of biobanking for translational research on neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, we address considerations for biological samples and data collection, the importance of standardization in the preanalytical phase, data protection (ethical and legal) and the role of donors in improving research in this field.

scholarly journals δ-secretase in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms, regulators and therapeutic opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhentao Zhang ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Keqiang Ye
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Posttranslational Regulation ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Protein Substrates ◽  
Aβ Production

AbstractMammalian asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) is a cysteine protease that cleaves its protein substrates on the C-terminal side of asparagine residues. Converging lines of evidence indicate that AEP may be involved in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and frontotemporal dementia. AEP is activated in the aging brain, cleaves amyloid precursor protein (APP) and promotes the production of amyloid-β (Aβ). We renamed AEP to δ-secretase to emphasize its role in APP fragmentation and Aβ production. AEP also cleaves other substrates, such as tau, α-synuclein, SET, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43, generating neurotoxic fragments and disturbing their physiological functions. The activity of δ-secretase is tightly regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. Here, we review the recent advances in the role of δ-secretase in neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on its biochemical properties and the transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of its activity, and discuss the clinical implications of δ-secretase as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.

Depression Rises the Risk of Hypertension Incidence: Discussing the Link through the Ca2+/cAMP Signalling

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Leandro B. Bergantin
Keyword(s):  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Camp Signalling ◽  
Data Support ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Risk Issue

Background: Depression and hypertension are medical problems both with clearly restricted pharmacotherapies, along with a high prevalence around the world. In fact, an intensive discussion in the field is that a dysregulation of the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis (e.g. excess of intracellular Ca2+) contributes to the pathogenesis of both hypertension and depression. Furthermore, depression rises the risk of hypertension incidence. Indeed, several data support the concept that depression is an independent risk issue for hypertension. Conclusion: Then, which are the possible cellular mechanisms involved in this link between depression and hypertension? Considering our previous reports about the Ca2+ and cAMP signalling pathways (Ca2+/cAMP signalling), in this review I have discussed the virtual involvement of the Ca2+/cAMP signalling in this link (between depression and hypertension). Then, it is important to consider depression into account during the process of prevention, and treatment, of hypertension.

The interactions between Alzheimer´s disease and major depression: Role of Ca2+ channel blockers and Ca2+/cAMP signalling

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Bueno Bergantin
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Camp Signalling

Background: The interactions between Alzheimer´s disease (AD) and major depression can be translated into clinical data showing that depressive patients have had an enhanced risk for developing AD (later in life). The cellular mechanisms involved in these interactions remain under intensive debate in literature. In addition, the role of a Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, like AD, and major depression has been under intensive discussion. Objective: Thus, revealing the interplay between AD and major depression may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of these diseases. Methods: Publications involving Ca2+ signalling pathways, AD and major depression (alone or combined) were collected by searching multiple databases to find the maximum number of relevant citations (using a search strategy with a high sensitivity for studies of etiology). Results: Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs), classically prescribed for hypertensive patients, have been demonstrating neuroprotective effects, such as decreasing the incidence of AD in hypertensive patients, including alleviating major depression symptoms. A mechanism under debate is focused on the restoration of the Ca2+ homeostasis. Indeed, previous studies of our own have correlated Ca2+ and cAMP signalling pathways (Ca2+/cAMP signalling) in controlling both the neurotransmitter release and neuronal death. These studies also observed that CCBs can affect Ca2+/cAMP signalling. Conclusion: This review discussed the plausible role of Ca2+/cAMP signalling in the neuroprotective effects of CCBs, including the participation of Ca2+/cAMP signalling in the interactions between major depression and AD. Considering both AD and major depression have become high prevalent medical problems in the world, the comprehension of the interactions between these diseases could improve the drug development.

Current perspective on the use of calcium channel blockers to treat hypertensive patients: the role of lercanidipine

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mancia ◽  
Kostantinos Tsioufis
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
European Society ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Esc Guidelines ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

The symposium ‘ Current perspective on the use of calcium channel blockers in the treatment of hypertensive patients’, held in Stresa (Italy) on 28th and 29th June 2018 with the participation of the main experts in the field of hypertension from all over the world, reviewed the role of calcium channel blockers in the management of hypertension. Considering the new European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology (ESH/ESC) guidelines presented at the last European Society of Hypertension meeting in Barcelona in June 2018, a special attention was focused on lercanidipine. In this article, the main highlights of the symposium were summarized.

scholarly journals Neuroprotection by Micronutrients and Cannabidiol (CBD) in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kedar N. Prasad ◽  
Kedar N. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Protective Proteins

The major objectives of this review are to elucidate the role of antioxidants and cannabidiol (CBD) in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and glutamate levels, which contribute to the pathogenesis of human neurological diseases. Antioxidants act by: (a) donation of electrons to molecules with unpaired electrons to neutralize them, (b) activation of ROS-resistant Nrf2 to enhance the levels of antioxidant enzymes, (c) restoration of deficiency of antioxidants to normal levels, (d) alterations in the expression of microRNAs, which guide their respective mRNAs to translate protective proteins, and (e) prevention of the release and toxicity of glutamate. CBD acts by: (a) activating endocannabinoid system, which consists of anandamide and archidonoylglycerol, cannabinoid receptors CB1R and CB2R, and their synthesizing and degrading enzymes, (b) acting as an agonist to non-cannabinoid receptors, such as dopamine, serotonin, and adenosine, (c) acting as an inhibitor of serotonin re-uptake, and (d) acting as an antagonist to glutamate receptors. Since antioxidants and CBD act primarily by different mechanisms, it is proposed that combination of the two may be more effective than either individually. No review on this topic has been published. Pre-clinical and clinical studies are suggested to test the efficacy of proposed combination in selected neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Role of Prostaglandins in Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Vieira de Assis Lima ◽  
Leandro Francisco Silva Bastos ◽  
Marcelo Limborço-Filho ◽  
Bernd L. Fiebich ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Neurological Diseases

Increasing data demonstrates that inflammation participates in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Among the different inflammatory mediators involved, prostaglandins play an important role. The effects induced by prostaglandins might be mediated by activation of their known receptors or by nonclassical mechanisms. In the present paper, we discuss the evidences that link prostaglandins, as well as the enzymes that produce them, to some neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Impression of a Neurologist Who Experienced Hub-Hospital for Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Doo Hyuk Kwon ◽  
Ji Hye Hwang ◽  
Jeong-Ho Hong
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new type of epidemic infectious disease that threatens the world after it first broke out in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. By early March, Korea had the second largest number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the world after China, among which about 90% of patients reported in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do province. As a neurologist, the author experienced various neurological diseases while working at hub-hospitals for COVID-19 in Daegu. I would like to describe the role of a neurologist in the emerging outbreak of infectious diseases, along with my experience working at the hub-hospital for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2015.

scholarly journals Role of Botulinum toxin injection in neurological problems: A Short Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Isha Dhungana ◽  
Prabin Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Good Success Rate

Botulinum Toxin (BoNT), a neurotoxin known for many years for its lethal nature has been in use for many cosmetic purposes for last many years. Its use in many medical problems especially chronic neurological problems has been well established in recent years. BoNT is a useful symptomatic treatment for many neurological disorders, and is emerging as one of the leading modes of treatments in the new subspecialty in neurology called “Interventional neurology.” We have also been using BoNT regularly for therapeutic purposes in different neurological diseases with good success rate for last few years. We think use of BoNT-A needs to be encouraged in our country to provide relief to the patients suffering from many of the chronic disabling neurological problems.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:3-7, 2015

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