Current status and future perspectives of active knee joint rehabilitation device

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingang Jiang ◽  
Ziwen Gao ◽  
Shichang Song ◽  
Xiaoyang Yu ◽  
Yang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Knee Rehabilitation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rehabilitation Devices

Background: Today, living standards and medical technology are improving, and the aging global population is increasing. Moreover, more and more older adults are suffering from knee diseases. This will seriously affect patients’ daily life and their mental state. In many studies, repetitive physical exercises and motor activities in real-world environments have been shown to help improve knee muscle strength and restore damaged nerves. Therefore, physical knee therapy is very necessary. The use of rehabilitation training devices for movement therapy has shown great potentia Objective: The structural features, functions and development status of the knee rehabilitation training device are introduced Method: This review explores the structure and function of various current knee rehabilitation devices based on structural and kinematic properties of the knee joint in relation to requirements of physical knee rehabilitation. This paper aims to present a systematic guideline and to outline a reference for future designers of rehabilitation devices. Results: By analyzing the structure and movement of the knee joint and combining the strategies of physical knee rehabilitation, movement requirements during knee rehabilitation training are concluded. According to the structure, drive form, transmission mode and rehabilitation environment of knee rehabilitation devices, the devices are classified and compared; some typical features are summarized; some current problems are analyzed; and the future trends and development directions of rehabilitation devices are discussed. Conclusion: Current rehabilitation equipment has a variety of structures and functions, but a good balance between weight and volume is hardly maintained. The protection of the body needs to be further improved. Many knee rehabilitation devices are only concepts, not physical objects, and lack clinical trial data. Power sources and drives are large and heavy, which can compress the knee joint and place a burden on the patient. Strong and light-weight materials should be chosen to assist knee rehabilitation. It will be a good development in the future

Research Advances on Passive Knee Joints Rehabilitation Device

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingang Jiang ◽  
Ziwen Gao ◽  
Dianhao Wu ◽  
Xiaoyang Yu ◽  
Yafeng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Knee Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Devices

Background: After a smooth development of life expectancy per capita and fertility in the nineteenth century, the global population exploded in size. Along with the demographic shift in the late nineteenth century, the phenomenon of population aging began to appear in developed countries. And a survey from UN reports that by 2050, one in six people worldwide will be over 65 years old (16%), compared to 11 (9%) in 2019. According to a survey, 55% of people over the age of 60 suffer from joint diseases, and the number of people suffering from stroke, arthritis and other knee diseases will also increase accordingly. Objective: An overview of the classification and characteristics of today's knee rehabilitation devices and future developments. Methods: This review discusses the existing knee rehabilitation devices, including various products on the market, patents and some conceptual devices, in the context of the structural characteristics of the knee joint and the rehabilitation requirements of various knee conditions or after knee arthroplasty, and systematically introduces their structural features, differences and the rehabilitation effects achieved. Results: A comparative analysis of three types of passive knee rehabilitation devices according to their use was conducted to summarize the typical characteristics. The problems that exist in today's rehabilitation devices are also analyzed, and their development trends are looked forward to. Conclusion: Knee rehabilitation equipment has a high degree of structural richness, but it does not achieve a good balance of convenience, comfort and functionality, and there should be some room for improvement in the materials, volume of the power source and transmission form of the power system. knee joint recovery. There will be a good development in the future.

scholarly journals Worldwide Prediction on COVID-19 Spreading Future Trends using Gaussian Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Dr. Bechoo Lal ◽  
Fareeha ◽  
Ashna Farah
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Related Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Entire World

Background: COVID-19 is a pandemic, which covered to all over the world and started the end of 2019. COVID-19 spreading rapidly from person to person and from one environment to another environment. In the current situation the entire world is passing through a very critical situation and medical services almost collapse due to the span of COVID-19. The virus is directly threatening to human being's life and attack to their nervous system, collapse lungs, breathing problems and damage other parts of the body system. The researcher build a predictive model using a Gaussian approach to find out the current status of COVID-19 and its future prediction. This predictive model is very helpful for countries and before timely they can manage their health related services, make a change in their decision making policy to stop COVID-19 spreading. Method: in this research paper the researcher builds a predicting model using real time analytics to measure the intensity of spreading COVID-19 in major concern countries. The main objective of this research article to predict the rate of spreading COVID-19 cases, visualize, and represent the future trends of COVID-19 cases. For the predictive analysis the researcher used the Gaussian Prediction model, time series analysis, exploratory data analysis, and K-means clustering. The researcher used the parameters such as rate of spreading, slow down speed, a sudden change in rate, prediction of the number of cases and differences in mortality rate. The results: The researcher discussed the weekly, monthly rate of spreading COVID-19 cases and predicted how it covered the world entire populations. The predictive model is very helpful to the countries where a number of cases are rapidly spreading and showing the future trends whether it is decreasing or increasing ratio. The countries can manage their health related services and other possible resources to stop the COVID-19 cases in their countries. If the prediction is unknown that situation is horrible for the entire world. Conclusion: Finally the researcher concluded that the predictive model of COVID-19 cases has significant impact to all over countries to show the future spreading trends, the accuracy level of this predictive model is 92% which is verified by using Gaussian approach. In some cases prediction might be unfavorable to handle the health care industries that are only %8 chances. The researcher giving the assurance the developed predictive model is more reliable and efficient to predict the COVID-19 case and its future trends, so the countries and their health related unit can manage the health related services in rapid manner.

Some Structural Features of Metaphase Chromosomes of Mice and Men

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Of Mice And Men ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.

Revaluations through Dance: Friedrich Nietzsche's Thought in Isadora Duncan's Speech The Dance of the Future

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-219
Author(s):  
Meindert E. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eternal Recurrence ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mind

Friedrich Nietzsche's influence on Isadora Duncan's work, in particular his idea of the Dionysian, has been widely discussed, especially in regard to her later work. What has been left underdeveloped in critical examinations of her work, however, is his influence on her earlier choreographic work, which she defended in a famous speech held in 1903 called The Dance of the Future. While commentators often describe this speech as ‘Nietzschean’, Duncan's autobiography suggests that she only studied Nietzsche's work after this speech. I take this incongruity as a starting point to explore the connections between her speech and Nietzsche's work, in particular his Thus Spoke Zarathustra. I argue that in subject and language Duncan's speech resembles Nietzsche's in important ways. This article will draw attention to the ways in which Duncan takes her cues from Nietzsche in bringing together seemingly conflicting ideas of religion and an overturning of morality; Nietzsche's notion of eternal recurrence and the teleology present in his idea of the Übermensch; and a renegotiation of the body's relation to the mind. In doing so, this article contributes not only to scholarship on Duncan's early work but also to discussions of Nietzsche's reception in the early twentieth century. Moreover, the importance Duncan ascribes to the body in dance and expression also asks for a new understanding of Nietzsche's own way of expressing his philosophy.

A Rapture of the Nerds? A Comparison between Transhumanist Eschatology and Christian Parousia

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-367
Author(s):  
Roberto Paura
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Point Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Species ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe

Transhumanism is one of the main “ideologies of the future” that has emerged in recent decades. Its program for the enhancement of the human species during this century pursues the ultimate goal of immortality, through the creation of human brain emulations. Therefore, transhumanism offers its fol- lowers an explicit eschatology, a vision of the ultimate future of our civilization that in some cases coincides with the ultimate future of the universe, as in Frank Tipler’s Omega Point theory. The essay aims to analyze the points of comparison and opposition between transhumanist and Christian eschatologies, in particular considering the “incarnationist” view of Parousia. After an introduction concern- ing the problems posed by new scientific and cosmological theories to traditional Christian eschatology, causing the debate between “incarnationists” and “escha- tologists,” the article analyzes the transhumanist idea of mind-uploading through the possibility of making emulations of the human brain and perfect simulations of the reality we live in. In the last section the problems raised by these theories are analyzed from the point of Christian theology, in particular the proposal of a transhuman species through the emulation of the body and mind of human beings. The possibility of a transhumanist eschatology in line with the incarnationist view of Parousia is refused.

Basic Concepts and Definitions of Allergology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vrucinic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Basic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The future of medicine belongs to immunology and alergology. I tried to not be too wide in description, but on the other hand to mention the most important concepts of alergology to make access to these diseases more understandable, logical and more useful for our patients, that without complex pathophysiology and mechanism of immune reaction,we gain some basic insight into immunological principles. The name allergy to medicine was introduced by Pirquet in 1906, and is of Greek origin (allos-other + ergon-act; different reaction), essentially representing the reaction of an organism to a substance that has already been in contact with it, and manifested as a specific response thatmanifests as either a heightened reaction, a hypersensitivity, or as a reduced reaction immunity. Synonyms for hypersensitivity are: altered reactivity, reaction, hypersensitivity. The word sensitization comes from the Latin (sensibilitas, atis, f.), which means sensibility,sensitivity, and has retained that meaning in medical vocabulary, while in immunology and allergology this term implies the creation of hypersensitivity to an antigen. Antigen comes from the Greek words, anti-anti + genos-genus, the opposite, anti-substance substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

Novel Approaches for Oral Delivery of Insulin and Current Status of Oral Insulin Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinesh V P ◽  
Neelam D P ◽  
Punit B ◽  
Bhavesh S.B ◽  
Pragna K. S
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Dose Dependent

Diabetes mellitus is a serious pathologic condition that is responsible for major healthcare problems worldwide and costing billions of dollars annually. Insulin replacement therapy has been used in the clinical management of diabetes mellitus for more than 84 years. The present mode of insulin administration is by the subcutaneous route through which insulin is presented to the body in a non-physiological manner having many challenges. Hence novel approaches for insulin delivery are being explored. Challenges to oral route of insulin administration are: rapid enzymatic degradation in the stomach, inactivation and digestion by proteolytic enzymes in the intestinal lumen and poor permeability across intestinal epithelium because of its high molecular weight and lack of lipophilicity. Liposomes, microemulsions, nanocubicles, and so forth have been prepared for the oral delivery of insulin. Chitosan-coated microparticles protected insulin from the gastric environment of the body and released intestinal pH. Limitations to the delivery of insulin have not resulted in fruitful results to date and there is still a need to prepare newer delivery systems, which can produce dose-dependent and reproducible effects, in addition to increased bioavailability.

Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: What's Changing and What has Changed

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanitharan Manikandan ◽  
Oscar Rodriguez ◽  
Rubén Parada ◽  
Joan Palou Redorta
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Select Group ◽  
The Future ◽  
Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Purpose Nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a challenging disease to manage primarily due to its varied clinical course. The management of NMIBC has witnessed a widespread change with respect to its diagnosis and treatment. Although transurethral resection (TUR) and adjuvant bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) stills remain the cornerstone, newer protocols has come into vogue to achieve optimal care. On the basis of a literature review, we aimed to establish ‘what changes has already occurred and what is expected in the future’ in NMIBC. Methods A Medline search was performed to identify the published literature with respect to diagnosis, treatment and future perspectives on NMIBC. Particular emphasis was directed to determinants such as the quality of TUR and the newer modifications, Re-TUR, current status of newer macroscopic and microscopic imaging, role of urinary biomarkers, clinical, histologic and molecular predictors of high-risk disease, administration of intravesical agents, salvage therapy in BCG recurrence and the current best practice guidelines were analyzed. Results and Conclusions Optimal TUR, restaging in select group, incorporation of newer endoscopic imaging and judicious administration of intravesical chemo-immunotherapeutic agents can contribute to better patient care. Although there is a plethora of urinary markers, there is insufficient evidence for their use in isolation. The future probably lies in identification of genetic markers to determine disease recurrence, nonresponders to standard treatment and early institution of alternative/targeted therapy.

scholarly journals Abattoir-Based Measures to Assess Swine Welfare: Analysis of the Methods Adopted in European Slaughterhouses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Silvio De Luca ◽  
Emanuela Zanardi ◽  
Giovanni Loris Alborali ◽  
Adriana Ianieri ◽  
Sergio Ghidini
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Future ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Benchmarking System

The assessment of swine welfare requires feasible, reliable, and reasonable indicators. On-farm evaluation of pig welfare can provide valuable information to veterinarians and farmers. However, such protocols can result expensive and time-consuming. With this regard, an interest in the appraisal of swine welfare at abattoir has grown over the recent years. In particular, the use of certain lesions collected directly from slaughtered animals to determine the welfare status of pigs has been evaluated by several authors. In the present review, the different methods developed to score lesions collected directly from the body and the viscera of animals slaughtered in European abattoirs (“abattoir-based measures”) are presented. The text specifically focuses on the methods currently available in the literature for the scoring of body, pluck and gastric lesions during post-mortem activities. Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of abattoir-based measures schemes are discussed. To conclude, the future perspectives of the assessment of pig welfare at the slaughterhouse are described, appealing for a benchmarking system that can be systematically used by veterinarians and other professional figures involved in the process.

scholarly journals Current Status of Putative Animal Sources of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Humans: Wildlife, Domestic Animals and Pets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Max Maurin ◽  
Florence Fenollar ◽  
Oleg Mediannikov ◽  
Bernard Davoust ◽  
Christian Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Susceptible Animal

SARS-CoV-2 is currently considered to have emerged from a bat coronavirus reservoir. However, the real natural cycle of this virus remains to be elucidated. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to novel opportunities for SARS-CoV-2 transmission between humans and susceptible animal species. In silico and in vitro evaluation of the interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and eucaryotic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor have tentatively predicted susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection of several animal species. Although useful, these data do not always correlate with in vivo data obtained in experimental models or during natural infections. Other host biological properties may intervene such as the body temperature, level of receptor expression, co-receptor, restriction factors, and genetic background. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 also depends on the extent and duration of viral shedding in the infected host as well as population density and behaviour (group living and grooming). Overall, current data indicate that the most at-risk interactions between humans and animals for COVID-19 infection are those involving certain mustelids (such as minks and ferrets), rodents (such as hamsters), lagomorphs (especially rabbits), and felines (including cats). Therefore, special attention should be paid to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with pets.

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