scholarly journals Effect of Drugs on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Human Beings: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Khaled Khalaf ◽  
Mahmoud Mando
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
The Impact

Background:Orthodontic tooth movement represents a series of events at both cellular and molecular levels which in turn stimulates inflammatory pathway to induce tooth movement. Some drugs taken by patients have a negative effect which can block this pathway, on the other hand, others may influence these events and reduce treatment time.Search Methods:A search strategy was implemented using both manual hand search and electronic databases, including Cochrane database of clinical trials, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus. The risk of biased eligible studies to be included in the final analysis was assessed independently by two authors using Cochrane risk of bias tool.Results:A total of 491 articles were identified in both manual and electronic searches as well as by checking the reference lists of articles to be included in the study. After reviewing the titles, abstracts and full-text articles, only 8 RCTs met the inclusion criteria, and thus, were included in the final analysis. Six out of the 8 RCTs were assessed as of low quality. No statistical methods were employed to combine the studies due to the heterogeneities of the studies and the low level of evidence.Conclusion:Acetylsalicylic acid and ibuprofen reduced orthodontic tooth movement whereas paracetamol, Rofecoxib and tenoxicam had no impact on orthodontic tooth movement. Due to the low quality of the studies included, therefore to base our practice on scientific evidence, better-controlled RCTs are needed to investigate the impact of common medications on orthodontic tooth movement.

Effectiveness of Biology-Based Methods for Inhibiting Orthodontic Tooth Movement. A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cadenas de Llano-Pérula ◽  
RM Yañez-Vico ◽  
E Solano-Reina ◽  
JC Palma-Fernandez ◽  
A Iglesias-Linares
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Laser

Introduction: Several experimental studies in the literature have tested different biology-based methods for inhibiting or decreasing orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in humans. This systematic review investigated the effects of these interventions on the rate of tooth movement. Study design: Electronic [MedLine; SCOPUS; Cochrane Library; OpenGrey;Web of Science] and manual searches were conducted up to January 26th, 2016 in order to identify publications of clinical trials that compared the decreasing or inhibiting effects of different biology-based methods over OTM in humans. A primary outcome (rate of OTM deceleration/inhibition) and a number of secondary outcomes were examined (clinical applicability, orthodontic force used, possible side effects). Two reviewers selected the studies complying with the eligibility criteria (PICO format) and assessed risk of bias [Cochrane Collaboration's tool]. Data collection and analysis were performed following the Cochrane recommendations. Results: From the initial electronic search, 3726 articles were retrieved and 5 studies were finally included. Two types of biology-based techniques used to reduce the rate of OTM in humans were described: pharmacological and low-level laser therapy. In the first group, human Relaxin was compared to a placebo and administered orally. It was described as having no effect on the inhibition of OTM in humans after 32 days, while the drug tenoxicam, injected locally, inhibited the rate of OTM by up to 10% in humans after 42 days. In the second group, no statistically significant differences were reported, compared to placebo, for the rate of inhibition of OTM in humans after 90 days of observation when a 860 nm continuous wave GaAlA slow-level laser was used. Conclusions: The currently available data do not allow us to draw definitive conclusions about the use of various pharmacological substances and biology-based therapies in humans able to inhibit or decrease the OTM rate. There is an urgent need for more sound well-designed randomized clinical trials in the field.

scholarly journals The effect of the local administration of biological substances on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of human studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Abu Arqub ◽  
Vaibhav Gandhi ◽  
Marissa G. Iverson ◽  
Maram Ahmed ◽  
Chia-Ling Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Link Type

Abstract Background The influence of different biological agents on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) has been extensively reviewed in animal studies with conflicting results. These findings cannot be extrapolated from animals to humans. Therefore, we aimed to systematically investigate the most up-to-date available evidence of human studies regarding the effect of the administration of different biological substances on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 databases were searched until the 16th of June 2020 without restrictions. Controlled randomized and non-randomized human clinical studies assessing the effect of biological substances on the rate of OTM were included. ROBINS-I and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tools were used. Reporting of this review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results A total of 11 studies (6 randomized clinical trials and 5 prospective clinical trials) were identified for inclusion. Local injections of prostaglandin E1 and vitamin C exerted a positive influence on the rate of OTM; vitamin D showed variable effects. The use of platelet-rich plasma and its derivatives showed inconsistent results, while the local use of human relaxin hormone showed no significant effects on the rate of OTM. Limitations The limited and variable observation periods after the administration of the biological substances, the high and medium risk of bias assessment for some included studies, the variable concentrations of the assessed biological agents, the different experimental designs and teeth evaluated, and the variety of measurement tools have hampered the quantitative assessment of the results as originally planned. Conclusions and implications Despite the methodological limitations of the included studies, this systematic review provides an important overview of the effects of a variety of biological agents on the rate of tooth movement and elucidates the deficiencies in the clinical studies that have been conducted so far to evaluate the effectiveness of these agents in humans, providing some guidelines for future robust research. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42020168481, www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero)

scholarly journals Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Rossini ◽  
Simone Parrini ◽  
Tommaso Castroflorio ◽  
Andrea Deregibus ◽  
Cesare L. Debernardi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Upper Molar

ABSTRACT Objective:  To assess the scientific evidence related to the efficacy of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in controlling orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods:  PubMed, PMC, NLM, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Google Scholar, and LILACs were searched from January 2000 to June 2014 to identify all peer-reviewed articles potentially relevant to the review. Methodological shortcomings were highlighted and the quality of the studies was ranked using the Cochrane Tool for Risk of Bias Assessment. Results:  Eleven relevant articles were selected (two Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT), five prospective non-randomized, four retrospective non-randomized), and the risk of bias was moderate for six studies and unclear for the others. The amount of mean intrusion reported was 0.72 mm. Extrusion was the most difficult movement to control (30% of accuracy), followed by rotation. Upper molar distalization revealed the highest predictability (88%) when a bodily movement of at least 1.5 mm was prescribed. A decrease of the Little's Index (mandibular arch: 5 mm; maxillary arch: 4 mm) was observed in aligning arches. Conclusions:  CAT aligns and levels the arches; it is effective in controlling anterior intrusion but not anterior extrusion; it is effective in controlling posterior buccolingual inclination but not anterior buccolingual inclination; it is effective in controlling upper molar bodily movements of about 1.5 mm; and it is not effective in controlling rotation of rounded teeth in particular. However, the results of this review should be interpreted with caution because of the number, quality, and heterogeneity of the studies.

scholarly journals Cyclic loading; its impact on the orthodontic tooth movement in growing patients: in vivo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tanushree Sharma ◽  
Ankita Gupta ◽  
Aseem Sharma ◽  
Pulkit Vaid ◽  
Kamlesh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
Movement Rate ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Tooth Movement Rate ◽  
The Impact

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of vibratory stimulation on the orthodontic tooth movement rate in growing patients and to compare the orthodontic tooth movement rate in experimental and control sides.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Split-mouth design study was done on 30 growing fixed appliance therapy orthodontic cases with bilateral first premolar extractions in maxillary arch. Individual canine retractions were performed in all the subjects with type-1 active tiebacks. Oral-B powered toothbrushes (125 Hz) were used to provide vibratory stimulation for 15 minutes per day (splits into 5 minutes thrice a day). The tooth movement was measured with calibrated digital vernier caliper clinically at various time intervals (T0, T1 and T2). OPG were taken at regular mentioned time intervals and grid method was used to calculate the tooth movement on OPGs.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Results were evaluated statistically and the p-value revealed significantly increased rate of tooth movement on experimental side as compared to control side.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high-frequency vibratory stimulation along with fixed orthodontic appliance can reduce treatment time expeditiously in growing patients. Powered toothbrushes can use successfully for providing vibrations to enhance the rate of tooth movement.</p>

scholarly journals Dietary Salt Accelerates Orthodontic Tooth Movement by Increased Osteoclast Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Agnes Schröder ◽  
Joshua Gubernator ◽  
Alexandra Leikam ◽  
Ute Nazet ◽  
Fabian Cieplik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Osteoclast Activity ◽  
Salt Uptake ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss ◽  
The Impact

Dietary salt uptake and inflammation promote sodium accumulation in tissues, thereby modulating cells like macrophages and fibroblasts. Previous studies showed salt effects on periodontal ligament fibroblasts and on bone metabolism by expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells-5 (NFAT-5). Here, we investigated the impact of salt and NFAT-5 on osteoclast activity and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). After treatment of osteoclasts without (NS) or with additional salt (HS), we analyzed gene expression and the release of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and calcium phosphate resorption. We kept wild-type mice and mice lacking NFAT-5 in myeloid cells either on a low, normal or high salt diet and inserted an elastic band between the first and second molar to induce OTM. We analyzed the expression of genes involved in bone metabolism, periodontal bone loss, OTM and bone density. Osteoclast activity was increased upon HS treatment. HS promoted periodontal bone loss and OTM and was associated with reduced bone density. Deletion of NFAT-5 led to increased osteoclast activity with NS, whereas we detected impaired OTM in mice. Dietary salt uptake seems to accelerate OTM and induce periodontal bone loss due to reduced bone density, which may be attributed to enhanced osteoclast activity. NFAT-5 influences this reaction to HS, as we detected impaired OTM and osteoclast activity upon deletion.

Abstract 2391: Impact of Therapies for Anemia on Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure in Randomized Clinical Trials

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard M Julien ◽  
Preetika Muthukrishnan ◽  
Eldrin F Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
The Impact

Anemia is common in heart failure (HF) patients and has been well-established as a risk factor for increased risk of HF hospitalization and mortality. Treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA) has increased hemoglobin, but outcomes trials are limited and use of ESA has been controversial given disparate results in other populations. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of ESA and iron on outcomes in HF patients. A systematic review of four databases was conducted in April 2008 (n = 95 unique trials). Analysis inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trial to ESA/iron with clinically defined HF, yielding 10 eligible trials published between 6/01–3/08. Data was independently extracted and cross-checked for accuracy and reliability (2 investigators). A total of 768 subjects (421 treated and 338 controls) are included (Characteristics in Table 1 ). Randomization to ESA produced a significant improvement in exercise capacity 0.39 standard units [95% CI 0.1– 0.6, p = 0.001], a 5.72% [95% CI 1.2–10.3, p = 0.014] increase in left ventricle ejection fraction and a 0.23 mg/dL [95% CI 0.4 – 0.1 p = 0.001] reduction in serum creatinine. There was no difference in all-cause mortality - RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.49, 1.26, p = 0.320]. Trends were noted in reduced hospitalization rates, decreased brain natriuretic peptide, and improved quality of life. Meta-analysis of randomized studies of treatment of anemia in HF patients suggests significant benefit in exercise capacity, left ventricular ejection fraction, and serum creatinine. There does not appear to be excess mortality with ESA/iron treatment. Despite favorable findings, definitive randomized clinical trials are needed to assess the role of this treatment modality in HF management. Table 1. Baseline Patient and Study Characteristics

scholarly journals A Systematic Overview of the Measurement Properties of the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Lacasse ◽  
Eric Wong ◽  
Gordon Guyatt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Minimal Important Difference ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with chronic lung disease has become an important aspect of many clinical investigations. The authors examined the measurement properties of a disease-specific HRQL questionnaire, the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ), when used by independent investigators in clinical trials and observational studies.METHODS: All published papers citing the original 1987 CRQ publication were identified using the Science Citation Index, and abstracts presented at international conferences were found by hand search. Clinical trials and observational studies were included if they reported data bearing on the CRQ’s measurement properties.RESULTS: Of 90 papers and 20 abstracts, 32 met the inclusion criterion. CRQ domains of fatigue, mastery and emotional function have high reliability, and face, content and construct validity in differentiating among patients with better and worse HRQL. Because of its self-generated items, the dyspnea domain works less well in discriminating among patients with lesser and greater dyspnea. When CRQ has been used to evaluate treatment, all four domains have performed well in detecting small treatment effects. The minimal important difference in CRQ score (0.5 per item) provides guidance for both planning studies and interpreting results. To maximize CRQ interpretability, investigators should present results as the mean score per item within each domain on a seven-point scale.CONCLUSION: The CRQ has proved valid and responsive to change. Its standardization and continued wide use will enhance the understanding of the impact of treatments on patients’ HRQL.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF SPIRULINA FOR ALLERGIC RHINITIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iury Gomes Batista ◽  
Osmar Cleyton Person ◽  
Fernando Veiga Angelico Junior ◽  
Priscila Bogar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Trial Quality ◽  
Central Register

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis is a condition of high prevalence in the population and widely studied, with several treatments being consecrated for its control. Spirulina is a dietary supplement that modulates immune function, and has been shown to modulate the inflammatory response of allergic rhinitis. Purpose: To evaluate spirulina in the treatment and control of allergic rhinitis. Material and Methods: This is a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Searches were performed for randomized clinical trials relating spirulina to allergic rhinitis in five electronic databases: Cochrane - Central Register of Controlled Trials - CENTRAL (2021), PUBMED (1966-2021), EMBASE (1974-2021), LILACS (1982-2021) AND SCOPUS (2021). Two investigators independently extracted data and assessed trial quality. Results: Two clinical trials involving a total of 215 patients were included. Both studies assessed the efficacy of spirulina in improving allergic rhinitis as the primary outcome. The first study described a significant reduction in runny nose, nasal congestion and itching over time of medication use (p 0.001) and in the second study the prevalence of rhinorrhea (P = 0.021), nasal congestion or obstruction (P = 0.039) and decreased smell (P = 0.030) were significantly less in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusions: The included studies were in favor of the use of spirrulina. However, the level of evidence is very low and limited. We should have caution due to the small number of clinical trials and participants in these studies. It is recommended to carry out new RCTs following the CONSORT standardization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document