Vitamin D and Type I Diabetes

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in bone metabolism but is also endowed with the capability of modulating inflammatory and immune function. Recent studies reported a relationship between low vitamin D levels and several autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes. Vitamin D regulates the expression of over 200 genes, also related to immune modulation, suggesting a putative role in these diseases pathogenesis. This review overviews the most recent advances on the association between vitamin D and increased risk of Type 1 Diabetes as well as between vitamin D and either glucose homeostasis or insulin sensitivity. The effects of vitamin D in modulating the immune response and balancing anti-inflammatory cytokines, suggest that vitamin D system may represent an unforeseen target for the design of novel strategies for the treatment of patients with autoimmune diseases and in particular Type 1 Diabetes.

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Metabolic Imbalance and Vitamin D Deficiency in Type 1 Diabetes in the Algerian Population

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530319666190529113404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 1172-1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Esma Mihoubi ◽

Rachida Raache ◽

Habiba Amroun ◽

Malha Azzouz ◽

Assia Galleze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

World Health ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Algerian Population ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Metabolic Imbalance

Background: We aimed to assess Vitamin D levels in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and to investigate the correlation between vitamin D and metabolic imbalance. Material and Methods: For our study, we selected thirty-one patients with T1D without complications and fifty-seven healthy controls. Diabetic patients were diagnosed using the criteria of the World Health Organization/American Diabetes Association. Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), insulin and C peptide assay were performed using chimilunescence. Glucose level, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and ionogram were also analysed. Results: Vitamin D, HbA1c and Gly levels were found to be significant in T1D patients than in controls (P<0.5). However, for PTH, no significant difference was observed (P > 0. 05) and the results show a non-significant difference of total cholesterol potassium, sodium, phosphor and calcium concentration averages. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the deficiency of VD is associated with an increased risk of T1DM in Algerian population.

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Evaluation of Vitamin D Metabolism in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the Setting of Cholecalciferol Treatment

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12123873 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3873

Author(s):

Alexandra Povaliaeva ◽

Ekaterina Pigarova ◽

Artem Zhukov ◽

Viktor Bogdanov ◽

Larisa Dzeranova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Affinity Constant ◽

Vitamin D Metabolites ◽

Vitamin D Metabolism ◽

Vitamin D Levels

In this prospective controlled study, we examined 25 adults with adequately controlled (HbA1c level < 8.0%) type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 49 conditionally healthy adults, intending to reveal the diversity of vitamin D metabolism in the setting of cholecalciferol intake at a therapeutic dose. All patients received a single dose (150,000 IU) of cholecalciferol aqueous solution orally. Laboratory assessments including serum vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 1,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3), free 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) as well as serum and urine biochemical parameters were performed before the intake and on Days 1, 3 and 7 after the administration. The studied groups had no significant differences in baseline parameters except that the patients with diabetes showed higher baseline levels of free 25(OH)D (p < 0.05). They also lacked a correlation between the measured and calculated free 25(OH)D in contrast to the patients from the control group (r = 0.41, p > 0.05 vs. r = 0.88, p < 0.05), possibly due to the glycosylation of binding proteins, which affects the affinity constant for 25(OH)D. The elevation of vitamin D levels after the administration of cholecalciferol was comparable in both groups, with slightly higher 25(OH)D3 levels observed in the diabetes group throughout the study since Day 1 (p < 0.05). Overall, our data indicate that in patients with adequately controlled T1DM 25(OH)D3 levels and the therapeutic response to cholecalciferol is similar to that in healthy individuals.

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Hubungan Paparan Sinar Matahari, Status Gizi, dan Asupan Makan terhadap Kadar Vitamin D Anak dan Remaja Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 1

Amerta Nutrition ◽

10.20473/amnt.v5i1.2021.41-51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Inggita Kusumastuty ◽

Dian Handayani ◽

Harjoedi Adji Tjahjono ◽

Elsa Permata Sari ◽

Silvy Kartika Rahayuningtyas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Sunlight Exposure ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background: Previous research state the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and Type 1 diabetes. The deficiency of Vitamin D is caused by vitamin D intake, sunlight exposure, or nutritional status. Indonesia, as a tropical country, is close to the equator and receives sunlight all year long. Little research has been done on vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Indonesia.Objective: The study aims to determine the relationship among sunlight exposure, nutritional status, food intake, and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with a sample size of 31 children and adolescents aged 5-19 years. Sunlight exposure data were collected using the Sun Exposure Questionnaire form, nutritional status o BMI/age data were using the WHO Anthro, food intake data were using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questioner, and vitamin D level data were using the ELISA method. Statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS Version 21 with Pearson and Spearman correlation test.Results: All respondents showed vitamin D deficiency. Most respondents had low sunlight exposure and nutritional status in the normoweight category. The majority of respondents had good energy and protein intake, excess fat, low carbohydrates, and low vitamin D and calcium.Conclusion:There is a positive relationship between sunlight exposure and vitamin D level (p = 0.001, r = 0.627). However, there is no relationship among nutritional status, protein intake, fat, carbohydrates, vitamin D and calcium on the level of vitamin D (p = 0.409; p = 0.240; p = 0.311; p = 0.822; p = 0.231; 0.382).

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Vitamin D levels are associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Chinese children with type 1 diabetes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-405274/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jianbo Shu ◽

Xinhui Wang ◽

Mingying Zhang ◽

Xiufang Zhi ◽

Jun Guan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Nonlinear Relationship ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Objective There is an increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM). In addition, the Vitamin D level in T1DM patients is usually below the normal reference range. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C in Chinese children with T1DM. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Endocrine inpatient wards of Tianjin Children’s Hospital, 143 children with T1DM were included. The related clinical and laboratory examinations, including anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, and Vitamin D levels, were collected in all subjects. Results The univariate analysis results did not show a significant correlation between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C (P=0.634). Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship was observed between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C by smooth curve fitting after adjusting for potential confounders. A multivariate piecewise linear regression model revealed a significant negative association between LDL-C and Vitamin D levels when LDL-C was greater than 3.1 mmol/L(β -2.9, 95% CI -5.4,-0.5; P=0.022). However, we did not observe a significant relationship between LDL-C and Vitamin D levels when LDL-C was lower than 3.1 mmol/L(β 2.4, 95% CI -0.2,5.1; P=0.076).Conclusions This study identified a nonlinear relationship between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C independent of other potential confounding factors, suggesting that the deficiency or insufficiency of Vitamin D in T1DM children with high LDL-C levels should be considered, especially LDL-C is higher than 3.1 mmol/L, which provides evidence of the timing about Vitamin D supplementation in T1DM children.

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Health related quality of life among children with Type I diabetes, Assiut city, Egypt

Journal of Nursing Education and Practice ◽

10.5430/jnep.v7n10p73 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 73 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marzoka A. Gadallah ◽

Taghreed Abdul-Aziz M. Ismail ◽

Naglaa Saad Abdel Aty

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Type I ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

Objective: Health related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multidimensional construct that includes physical and psychosocial functioning, has emerged as an important outcome in pediatric population with chronic health conditions. The study objectives are to measure the quality of life among children with type I diabetes compared to healthy peers and to determine factors affecting the QOL among children with type I diabetes.Methods: Analytic cross sectional study was conducted in Sidi Galal health insurance outpatient clinic for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and a comparison group of healthy peers was taken from other outpatient clinics. A total of four hundred and twelve children, aged from 8-18 years with type 1 diabetes and four hundred and twelve healthy peers matched in age and sex were interviewed. Three tools were used for this study: Demographic questionnaire, Socio-economic scale, and Peds QL4.0 Generic Core Scale was used to measure HRQOL.Results: The mean age of studied children was 12.9 ± 3.2. More than 60% of children with diabetes had uncontrolled glycemic level and 60% of them were in low socio-economic level. Children with diabetes had significantly lower HRQOL than healthy children in all domains. Age, glycemic control status and birth order of the diabetic children showed no significance difference regarding the QOL. Disease duration affected only the emotional function of the QOL and females showed significantly higher score regarding school functioning. Social, school and the total QOL scores were significantly higher among children with highly educated mothers while father's education affected the emotional, school and total QOL scores. Children in the middle and high social class showed significantly higher scores regarding social, school and total QOL. Presence of diabetic parent positively affected the social functioning while had negative effect on the school function of children with type I diabetes.Conclusions and recommendations: Diabetes is negatively affecting all the QOL functioning of the children. We recommend that Integrated programs between child's home, school and health insurance clinics for educating and supporting children with diabetes to improve their HRQOL.

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Vitamin D and Albuminuria in Youth with and without Type 1 Diabetes

Hormone Research in Paediatrics ◽

10.1159/000475711 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 87 (6) ◽

pp. 385-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Debika Nandi-Munshi ◽

Maryam Afkarian ◽

Kathryn B. Whitlock ◽

Jamie L. Crandell ◽

Ronny A. Bell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Urine Albumin ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background/Aims: In adults, lower vitamin D has been associated with increased albuminuria. This association has not been extensively studied in youth with or without type 1 diabetes. Methods: We examined the cross-sectional association between vitamin D and albuminuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) in 8,789 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001–2006 (NHANES), who were 6–19 years old. Further, we examined the association between vitamin D and albuminuria in 938 participants from the SEARCH Nutritional Ancillary Study (SNAS), a longitudinal cohort of youth with type 1 diabetes. Results: Of the NHANES participants, 5.3, 19.5, and 53.7% had vitamin D levels <30, 50 and 80 nmol/L, respectively. Albuminuria was present in 12.8% and was more common in younger children, females, non-Hispanic whites, non-obese children, and children with hypertension. After adjustments, there was no association between vitamin D and albuminuria. Among the SNAS participants with type 1 diabetes, we also found no association between baseline vitamin D and subsequent albuminuria in unadjusted or adjusted analyses. Conclusion: We did not find an association between serum vitamin D and albuminuria in either non-diabetic youth or those with type 1 diabetes. Further research is needed to more fully understand this relationship.

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A pilot interventional study to evaluate the impact of cholecalciferol treatment on HbA1c in type 1 diabetes (T1D)

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-17-0045 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 225-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R Perchard ◽

L Magee ◽

A Whatmore ◽

F Ivison ◽

P Murray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

South Asian ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Late Winter ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Background Higher 25(OH)D3 levels are associated with lower HbA1c, but there are limited UK interventional trials assessing the effect of cholecalciferol on HbA1c. Aims (1) To assess the baseline 25(OH)D3 status in a Manchester cohort of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). (2) To determine the effect of cholecalciferol administration on HbA1c. Methods Children with T1D attending routine clinic appointments over three months in late winter/early spring had blood samples taken with consent. Participants with a 25(OH)D3 level <50 nmol/L were treated with a one-off cholecalciferol dose of 100,000 (2–10 years) or 160,000 (>10 years) units. HbA1c levels before and after treatment were recorded. Results Vitamin D levels were obtained from 51 children. 35 were Caucasian, 11 South Asian and 5 from other ethnic groups. 42 were vitamin D deficient, but 2 were excluded from the analysis. All South Asian children were vitamin D deficient, with mean 25(OH)D3 of 28 nmol/L. In Caucasians, there was a negative relationship between baseline 25(OH)D3 level and HbA1c (r = −0.484, P < 0.01). In treated participants, there was no significant difference in mean HbA1c at 3 months (t = 1.010, P = 0.328) or at 1 year (t = −1.173, P = 0.248) before and after treatment. One-way ANCOVA, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, BMI and diabetes duration showed no difference in Δ HbA1c level. Conclusion We report important findings at baseline, but in children treated with a stat dose of cholecalciferol, there was no effect on HbA1c. Further studies with larger sample sizes and using maintenance therapy are required.

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Causes of early-onset type 1 diabetes: toward data-driven environmental approaches

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20082622 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 205 (13) ◽

pp. 2953-2957 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Pierre Bougnères ◽

Alain-Jacques Valleron

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Early Onset ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Changes ◽

Data Driven ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Type I ◽

Β Cell ◽

New Era

A new study reveals distinctive metabolic changes that precede the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D), tossing a stone into the quiet waters of T1D immunology and genetics. The causes of these metabolic changes and their relationship to autoimmunity and β cell destruction are not yet known, but the identification of a metabolic phenotype linked to susceptibility to type I diabetes may help pave the way to a new era of investigation of T1D causality.

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