A Collaborative Edge-Cloud Internet of Things Based Framework for Securing the Indian Healthcare System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Rameem Zahra ◽  
Mohammad Ahsan Chishti
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
The People ◽  
High Population Growth ◽  
Century Health ◽  
Poor Population

: Today, 73 years after the independence and twenty years after the turn of the century, “Health for All” which should have been accomplished by now, remains a far-fetched and an elusive dream. Instead, the people of India are bequeathed a triple burden of disease: sustaining the weight of transmittable infections, expanding burden of nontransferable illnesses, and a healthcare system not efficient enough to handle them both. At present, India is home to one-third of the poor population around the world. After a high population growth rate, unregulated and inefficient healthcare is the major cause for this abjection and poverty. The global position of India vis-à-vis the health indicators like Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Crude Birth Rate (CBR), Crude Death Rate (CDR) and life expectancy is shocking, shameful and on a downward trend. The objective of this paper was to identify the major issues in the Indian healthcare system and offer Internet of Things (IoT) based solutions. The underdevelopment of health and health services in India is brought about by the same determinants that cause underdevelopment in the first place. This paper discusses these causes and major issues responsible for the dilapidated state of Indian healthcare and offers IoT based solutions for dealing with each of these issues. Moreover, a collaborative edge/cloud IoT based framework has been proposed for remedying the Indian healthcare. : The presented solutions could be used for making healthcare and thereby, health, a reality for all.

Levels of Health Care and Health Outcomes in Northeast India

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
Farhat Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Health Centres

This article investigates basic parameters of health, namely health profile, health infrastructure, health expenditure and health care utilization in Northeast India and provides an analysis of regional disparities in health care sector. Health profile is represented through different health indicators like crude birth rate, infant mortality rate, total fertility rate and so on in the region. The status of Sub Centres, Primary Health Centres and Community Health Centres with their various facilities and manpower resources indicates better performance of most Northeastern states compared to the rest of India. However, in practice, the health centres in Northeast India do not fulfil some of the objectives and norms of Indian Public Health Standards. Further, the coefficient of variation shows the regional disparities is widening and worsening for health workforce in Northeast India. The geographic condition and inaccessible terrain of Northeast India seems to be a constraint, among others, in providing health infrastructure in the region.

scholarly journals Reasons and Realities of Health and Geographical Inequality in India: A Study of Inter-State Variations

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Dalip Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

The paper is an attempt to explain the global regional inequality of health indicators and regional variation among Indian states. This analysis will cover through a set of health indicators (mortality and morbidity) like crude birth rate (CBR), crude death rate (CDR), infant mortality rate (IMR), maternal mortality rate (MMR), life expectancy and total fertility rates (TFR). The paper also provides a comparison of public expenditures on health with that of health expenditure in the private sector in India with those of other countries. This article highlights the dimensions and extent of inequities health indicators. The analysis in this study suggests that much of the problem for low health status in these states is also due to low health expenditure which impacts adversely on the health indicators.

Service Gap In Hospital Industry- A Patient Centric Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
T. Muthupandian ◽  
A. Sabarirajan ◽  
B. Arun ◽  
P.S. Venkateswaran ◽  
S. Manaimaran
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Hospital Industry ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
The People ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Service Gap ◽  
Very High ◽  
Century Health ◽  
Patient Centric

This paper is having a major objective of finding out the service gap in hospital industry – A patient centric analysis in Coimbatore District. In the 21st century, Health conscious is very high among the people in Tamil Nadu. Before fifty years, people have limited level of hospitals and other allied health services. But today, increases of public, private, corporate and municipal hospitals providing quality services. Hence patients are expecting high quality services from the service providers. The study reveals that services provided in the hospitals have a positive and strong effect on the satisfaction of the inpatients. But reliability is the factor the hospital administrations have to consider.

Multi-Disciplinary Opinions Focused on Healthcare Sector for Global Pandemic: COVID-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The Internet Of Things

BACKGROUND COVID- 19 pandemics has affected the life of every human being in this world dramatically. The daily routine of the human has been changed to an uncertain extent. Some of the people are affected by the COVID-19, and some of the people are in fear of this epidemic. This has completely changed the thorough process of the people, and now, they are looking for solutions of this pandemic at different levels of the human addressable areas. These areas include medicine, vaccination, precautions, psychology, technology-assisted solutions like information technology, etc. There is a need to think in the direction of technology compliant solutions in the era of COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to discuss the existing views and focus on the recommendations for the enhancement in the current situation from COVID-19. METHODS Based on the literature, perceptions, challenges, and viewpoints, the following opinions are suggested to the research community for the prevention and elimination of global pandemic COVID-19. The research community irrespective of the discipline focus on the following: 1. The comprehensive thought process for the designing of the internet of things (IoT) based solutions for healthcare applications used in the prevention from COVID-19. 2. Strategies for restricting outbreak of COVID-19 with the emerging trends in Ehealthcare applications. Which should be the optimal strategy to deal with a global pandemic? 3. Explorations on the data analysis as derived from the advanced data mining and warehousing associated with IoT. Besides, cloud-based technologies can be incorporated for the global spread of healthcare-related information to serve the community of different countries in the world. 4. The most adaptable method and technology can be deployed for the development of innovative solutions for COVID-19 related people like smart, patient-centric healthcare information systems. 5. Implementation of smart solutions like wearable technology for mask and PPE along with their disposal can be considered to deal with a global epidemic like COVID-19. This will lead to the manufacturing and incorporation of wearable technologies in the healthcare sector by industries. 6. A Pervasive thought process can be standardized for dealing with global pandemic like COVID-19. In addition, research measures should be considered for the security and privacy challenges of IoT services carrying healthcare-related information. These areas and directions are diverse but, in parallel, the need for healthy bonding and correlation between the people like researchers and scientists irrespective of their discipline. The discipline may vary from medical, engineering, computing, finance, and management, etc. In addition, standard protocols and interoperability measures can be worked out for the exchange of information in the global pandemic situations. RESULTS Recommendations Discussed CONCLUSIONS In this paper, the opinions have been discussed in the multi-disciplinary areas of research like COVID-19 challenges, medicines and vaccines, precautionary measures, technology assistance, and the Internet of Things. These opinions and discussion serve as an integrated platform for researchers and scientists to think about future perspectives to deal with healthcare-related COVID-19 pandemic situation. This includes the original, significant, and visionary automation based ideas, innovations, scientific designs, and applications focusing on Inter-disciplinary technology compliant solutions like IoT, vaccinations, manufacturing, preventive measures, etc. for the improvement of efficiency and reliability of existing healthcare systems. For the future, there is dire need to strengthen the technology not only in the one area but also for the interdisciplinary areas to recover from the pandemic situation rapidly and serve the community.

A Participatory, State–Community–Academic Model to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes in Texas: The Healthy Families Initiative

2020 ◽  
pp. 109019812097715
Author(s):  
Divya A. Patel ◽  
Meliha Salahuddin ◽  
Melissa Valerio ◽  
Nagla Elerian ◽  
Krystin J. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Community Factors

Background While the Texas infant mortality rate (IMR) is below the Healthy People 2020 objective (5.7 per 1,000 live births), stark differences in IMR are seen across Texas communities. Health indicators for the state suggest important missed opportunities for improving maternal and infant outcomes. The Healthy Families initiative was a collaboration between a Texas state agency, community partners, and academic institutions to understand how evidence-based interventions could be identified, adapted, and implemented to address community priorities and reduce disparities in pregnancy outcomes. Method The Healthy Families initiative included two Texas counties, one with low utilization of prenatal care and one with persistent disparities in infant mortality. The model served to (1) identify community factors influencing IMR and maternal morbidity through stakeholder engagement and secondary data, (2) build community capacity to link pregnant women with existing and newly developed services, and (3) develop partnerships within the community and clinics to improve access to and sustainability of services. Results A community-based participatory approach focused on stakeholder engagement was used to identify, design, and adapt strategies to address community-identified priorities. Conclusions The Healthy Families initiative is a unique state–community–academic partnership aimed at improving pregnancy outcomes in vulnerable communities, with a focus on promotion of capacity building, maintenance, and sustainability of maternal and infant health programs.

Healthcare in Cuba: Sustainability Challenges in an Ageing System

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-159
Author(s):  
Carmelo Mesa-Lago ◽  
Sergio Díaz-Briquets
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

AbstractThis article assumes a balanced position between two contrasting views regarding the accessibility, quality, efficiency and financial sustainability of the Cuban healthcare system. It evaluates those issues in the 2006–20 period by identifying strengths and weaknesses based on a comprehensive statistical compilation of health indicators, physical infrastructure trends, availability of physicians and other elements to assess the system's long-term financial sustainability. Finally, it examines the likely consequences of population ageing on healthcare, including potential policies.

scholarly journals Internet of Things (IoT) Based Design of a Secure and Lightweight Body Area Network (BAN) Healthcare System

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Yuan Deng ◽  
Chin-Ling Chen ◽  
Woei-Jiunn Tsaur ◽  
Yung-Wen Tang ◽  
Jung-Hsuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area

The history and development of public health in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Than Sein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
The People ◽  
Low And Middle Income

The history and development of public health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) shows that important breakthroughs in public health interventions have led to great improvements in economic development. Health determines economic productivity and prosperity, and the physical and emotional well- being of the people. The mindset of the population afflicted with a high infant mortality rate usually lacks the secure knowledge of its children’s longevity, witnesses higher fertility rates, and experiences the quality- quantity trade- off in child- rearing. Ever since the health- for- all movement was initiated over three decades ago, health, equity, and social justice remain the main themes of social and health policy. It is essential for all public health professionals to sustain these values, especially those in LMICs and the international community.

Globalization and health: An empirical investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishalkumar J Jani ◽  
Nisarg A Joshi ◽  
Dhyani J Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
The Impact

This article empirically examines the impact of globalization on the health status of countries by using panel data. Unlike previous studies, it has attempted to use three different dimensions of globalization and estimate their impact on health status measured by infant mortality rate and life expectancy. It also introduces an initial level of development status as an explanatory variable and found that it has an important role. The fixed effects panel data analysis shows that globalization has a positive impact on the health indicators. Out of the three dimensions of globalization, namely, economic, social and political, the first one has the highest influence on health for the less developed countries. However, as one moves up the ladder of development, social dimension becomes more important. Moreover, the pace of improvement in health indicators is faster in developed countries, indicating a divergence between the developed and the underdeveloped world.

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