Research on Household Charging Optimization of Electric Vehicles Based on Smart Load

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1051-1058
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Zhang ◽  
Gang Ma ◽  
Jie Lyu ◽  
Xuehong Wu ◽  
Mei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Load Fluctuation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Power Instability ◽  
Daily Load ◽  
Fluctuation Model

Background: With the tremendous changes in the world’s fuel structure, the Electric Vehicle (EV) has become a powerful means of mitigating energy and environmental issues. Objective: However, when an electric vehicle is connected to home, it will cause load fluctuation, which threatens the safe and smooth operation of the user's electricity. Methods: Therefore, in order to solve the problem of power instability when the electric vehicle is connected to home, this paper proposes an optimization strategy for household charging based on Smart Load (SL). Results: After the daily load fluctuation model of electric vehicle family charging is constructed, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is combined to establish the electric vehicle family charging optimization model. Conclusion: The analysis of the example shows that the proposed method can stabilize the household power, which can effectively solve the adverse effects caused by excessive fluctuation of daily load in the family.

Optimal Dual-Mode Hybrid Electric Vehicle Powertrain Architecture Design for a Variety of Loading Scenarios

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alparslan Emrah Bayrak ◽  
Yi Ren ◽  
Panos Y. Papalambros
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Architecture Development ◽  
Vehicle Powertrain

A hybrid-electric vehicle powertrain architecture consists of single or multiple driving modes, i.e., connection arrangements among engine, motors and vehicle output shaft that determine distribution of power. While most architecture development work to date has focused primarily on passenger cars, interest has been growing in exploring architectures for special-purpose vehicles such as vans or trucks for civilian and military applications, whose weights or payloads can vary significantly during operations. Previous findings show that the optimal architecture can be sensitive to vehicle weight. In this paper we investigate architecture design under a distribution of vehicle weights, using a simulation-based design optimization strategy with nested supervisory optimal control and accounting for powertrain complexity. Results show that an architecture under a single load has significant differences and lower fuel efficiency than an architecture designed to work under a variety of loading scenarios.

Optimization of Regenerative Braking Control Strategy for Pure Electric Vehicle

2017 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jun Guo ◽  
Dong Dong Yue ◽  
Jing Bo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Constraint Optimization ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Braking Torque ◽  
Braking Control

The regenerative braking strategy for precursor pure electric vehicle was studied in this paper. Firstly, a constraint optimization model was established for the braking force distribution, in which both braking stability and recovery efficiency of braking energy were taken into account. Secondly, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was applied to optimize the multi key parameters in the model. Finally, the optimized braking torque of the motor was obtained at different speed, different braking strength and different battery charge state. A vehicle model was built to validate the optimized results through simulation. The results showed that, compared with the original control strategy, the optimized control strategy not only could increase the braking stability effectively, but also improve the energy recovery efficiency in a certain extent.

Purdah or Ghunghat, a Powerful Means to Control Women: A Study of Rural Muslim and Non-Muslim Women in Western Uttar Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-349
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Devi ◽  
Manvinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Economic Roles ◽  
Muslim Communities

In selected villages in Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, purdah or ghunghat (veiling) observed by all married women of both the Muslim and non-Muslim communities plays a significant role in restraining and prohibiting their participation in social and economic roles. The tradition is perceived to enhance the status of the women as well as of the family among both communities. While women within the home could be relaxed, they had to observe strict veiling when outdoors. Muslim women wear burqa (usually it is black in colour used to cover from head to toe), while non-Muslim women wear dupatta (usually a 2.5 m long cloth) or end of the sari (usually a 6 m long cloth) to cover the face properly while going outside the home.

Particle swarm optimization: A new tool to invert geophysical data

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. F75-F83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Shaw ◽  
Shalivahan Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Geophysical Data ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Cognitive Knowledge ◽  
Time Required

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a global optimization strategy that simulates the social behavior observed in a flock (swarm) of birds searching for food. A simple search strategy in PSO guides the algorithm toward the best solution through constant updating of the cognitive knowledge and social behavior of the particles in the swarm. To evaluate the applicability of PSO to inversion of geophysical data, we inverted three noise-corrupted synthetic sounding data sets over a multilayered 1D earth model by using DC, induced polarization (IP), and magnetotelluric (MT) methods. The results show that acceptable solutions can be obtained with a swarm of about 300 particles and that convergence occurs in less than 100 iterations. The time required to execute a PSO algorithm is comparable to that of a genetic algorithm (GA). Similarly, the models estimated from PSO and GA are close to the true solutions. Whereas a ridge regression (RR) algorithm converges in four to eight iterations, it yields satisfactory results only when the initial model is very close to the true model. Models estimated from PSO explain observed, vertical electric sounding (VES) and MT data, from Bhiwani district, Haryana, India, and the Chottanagpur gneissic complex, Dhanbad, India. The results are consistent with RR and GA inversions.

Interval Reactive Power Optimization for Distribution System with DGs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Yong Jin Chen ◽  
Jie He Su ◽  
Yong Jun Zhang ◽  
Ying Qi Yi
Keyword(s):  
Interval Arithmetic ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Optimization ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Reactive Power Optimization ◽  
Load Fluctuation ◽  
Proposed Model

A reactive power optimization method based on interval arithmetic is presented to solve the uncertainty of the output of distributed generation (DG) and the effects of load fluctuation. The concept of interval number and interval arithmetic is introduced to model the interval power flow of distribution system, which is iterated by using the Krawczyk-Moore operator. The objective function is to minimize the interval midpoint value of system’s power loss, with taking the interval voltage constraints into consideration for the interval reactive power optimization model. A modified IEEE 14-bus system is used to validate the proposed model and its Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.

scholarly journals LLC DC-DC Converter Performances Improvement for Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charger Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Houssein Al Attar ◽  
Mohamed Assaad Hamida ◽  
Malek Ghanes ◽  
Miassa Taleb
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Saturation Zone ◽  
Control Frequency ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Llc Resonant Converter ◽  
Control Stability ◽  
Small Signal Modeling

Electric Vehicle (EV) bidirectional charger technology is growing in importance. It defines the fact of returning the electricity stored in the batteries of EV to Grid (V2G), to Home (V2H), to Load (V2L), or in one word V2X mode. The EV onboard charger is divided into two parts: AC-DC and DC-DC converters. The isolated bidirectional DC-DC LLC resonant converter is used to improve the charger efficiency within both battery power and voltage ranges. It is controlled by varying the switching frequency based on a small signal modeling approach using the gain transfer function inversion method. The dimensions of the DC-DC LLC converter directly affect the charger cost. Moreover, they cause an important control frequency saturation zone, especially in V2X mode, where the switching frequency is out of the feasibility zone. The new challenge in this paper is to design an optimization strategy to minimize the LLC converter cost and improve the control frequency feasibility zone, for a wide variation of battery voltage and converter power, in the charging (G2V) and discharging (V2X) modes simultaneously. For our best knowledge, this optimization problem, in the case of a bidirectional (G2V and V2X) charger, is not yet considered in the literature. An optimal design that considers the control stability equations in the optimization algorithm is elaborated. The obtained results show a significant converter cost decrease and important expansion of control frequency feasibility zones. A comparative study between initial and optimized values, in G2V and V2X modes, is generated according to the converter efficiency.

scholarly journals Family Contribution in Countering Radicalism through Actualizing Religious-Based Social Capital in Parepare

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Anwar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
Family Contribution

This study empirically examines the family as the basis of social capital education. Furthermore, generations need social capital to grow and develop as moderate, tolerant, and caring characters towards humanist environmental issues. The main and fundamental task of the family is to conduct educational function, which is inherently social and religious in preparing generations. Therefore, it is necessary to have the right effort or approach to actualizing social capital for effectiveness. This helps develop a religious climate and form a pattern of behavior for each family member. Religion is used as an instrument that facilitates the internalization of social capital values in children and shapes their personality with a humanist character. Therefore, families significantly counteract radicalism in social life.

scholarly journals Electric vehicle technology impacts on energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Wael A. Salah ◽  
Mahmoud A. M. Albreem ◽  
Basim Alsayid ◽  
Basem Abu Zneid ◽  
Mutasem Alkhasawneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Gasoline Price ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Vehicle Technology ◽  
Propulsion Unit

The CO<sub>2</sub> emission level is becoming a serious issue worldwide. The continuous increase in gasoline price forms the essential base of development of electric vehicle (EV) drives. Moreover, economic and environmental issues relate to fabrication and operation of traditional powered vehicles. The basic considerations and development perspectives of EVs are presented in this paper. The development of an efficiently designed motor and drive satisfy the need of efficient characteristics that enable EVs to perform as part of the propulsion unit. The use of digital signal controllers compared with conventional control systems minimizes the motor’s total harmonic distortion, lowers operating temperatures, and produces high efficiency and power factor ratings. This paper addresses the view of EV technology as well its advantages over other technologies.

scholarly journals Birzeit University Students’ Perception of Bottled Water Available in the West Bank Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Buthainah Abdah ◽  
Issam A. Al-Khatib ◽  
Abdelhaleem I. Khader
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
The West ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Bottled Drinking Water ◽  
The Family ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Year

Water bottling industry has negative environmental impacts due to exploitation and possible pollution of water resources and due to solid waste problems related to the use of plastic bottles. To mitigate these impacts, it is important to study the link between consuming bottled drinking water and the perception of its quality. The objective of the study is to assess the perception of Birzeit University students’ of the bottled water marketed in the West Bank and its impact on the humans and the environment. Universities play an important role in providing awareness about environmental issues and sustainability, and university students are thought to be more environmentally conscious about these issues. A quantitative survey was used to analyze the behaviors and perceptions of Birzeit University students. The sample size was 375 students, distributed according to the college, gender, and the academic year at the university. The results show that the factors that affect the perception of the students are mainly the educational year at the university, the income, the family size, and the community type.

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