scholarly journals Detection of Reproductive Status in Ongole Crossbred (PO) Cow Based On Vaginal Epithel Morphology and Profile Hormone

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Yeni Widyaningrum ◽  
◽  
Aulanni’am Aulanni’am ◽  
Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Intermediate Cell ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hormonal Fluctuations ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Intermediate Cells ◽  
Crossbred Cow

Hormonal fluctuations in livestock will affect vaginal cytology good overview on the condition of estrous until pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the physiological condition of Ongole crossbred (PO) cow during estrous and determine pregnancy by the description of vaginal epithelial cells, progesterone, and estrogen hormone profiles. The materials were used 35 cows with physiological status (estrous, 5th pregnancy period, 16th pregnancy period, 22nd pregnancy period, and 60th pregnancy period). Samples of Vaginal smear were stained with Giemsa, then it was observed using a microscope, with 40 times magnification. The progesterone and estrogen were analyzed by the ELISA method. The parameters measured were the percentage of vaginal epithelial cells, such as (parabasal, intermediate, and superficial) started estrous phase until the time of pregnancy in cows (5, 16, 22, and 60 days), hormone concentration, as well as the presence or absence of leukocytes. The result showed the Ongole crossbred cow estrous phase percentage of superficial cells 56.27%±6.49 higher than 26.23%±7.98 intermediate cells, followed by parabasal cells 17.50%±4.74. While in Ongole crossbred that were 5th pregnancy period until the 60th predominantly intermediate cell 80.43%±1.31, then the superficial cells 18.09%±1.30 and 1.48%±0.04 parabasal cells. Progesterone concentration was 63.74±1.07 ng.mL-1 in estrus cows, and steadily increased 93.71±0.94 ng.mL-1 to 149.5±0.71 ng.mL-1 in pregnant cows (5-60 days). The concentration of high estrogen levels were 122.38 ± 0.63 ng.mL-1 in the estrous phase, then decreased 81.54±0.44 ng.mL-1 in the pregnancy phase. In conclusion, the concentration of hormone showed a diagnosis of pregnancy, which done by looking at changes in vaginal epithelial cells at the Ongole crossbred cow, and the cow estrous phase showed greater superficial cells compared by pregnant cows (5-60 days).

scholarly journals THE VAGINAL EXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGY OF AWASSI EWES DURING POST-PARTURIENT PERIOD

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Amer M. Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vaginal Epithelium ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Exfoliative Cytology ◽  
Hormonal Activity ◽  
Cellular Division ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Animal Farm

This trail was carried out on twelve Awassi ewes in the Animal Farm of College of Veterinary Medicine in June 2005 to study the cellular changes that occur in the vaginal epithelium after parturition, by using vaginal smear method. The post-parturient period was divided into three periods; 4th, 16th and 28th days after parturition. Each period presented different sizes of vaginal epithelial cells, some of them were predominant. Keratinization takes place in all periods. The 2nd period was characterized by cellular division, presence of vacuolated epithelial cells and WBCs mainly neutrophils cells. The conclusion, variations in the vaginal epithelium may relate to the physiological status and the hormonal activity of the animals.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of vaginal epithelial cells of santa inês ewes subjected to estrus synchronization

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Camila Vasconcelos Ribeiro ◽  
Tábatta Arrivabene Neves ◽  
Glaucia Brandão Fagundes ◽  
Dayana Maria Do Nascimento ◽  
Cleidson Manoel Gomes Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Intermediate Cells

Vaginal cytology analysis has been used to evaluate the different stages of estrous cycle of several species; it presents a direct correlation with the animal’s hormonal state and provides essential information about the female reproductive tract conditions. Two staining methods were tested to evaluate the vaginal epithelial cell morphology of nulliparous and multiparous ewes during the estrus period. An intravaginal device impregnated with medroxyprogesterone acetate was kept into 10 nulliparous and 10 multiparous ewes for 14 days for estrus synchronization. Then, the progesterone device was withdrawn, and 300 IU of eCG was administered intramuscularly. Vaginal smears were prepared for posterior staining with Panotico or Giemsa stains when estrus was detected. The cells were classified into nucleated superficial, anucleate superficial, intermediate, parabasal, and basal. The Panotico and Giemsa staining of the different cell types studied were satisfactory. A predominance of intermediate epithelial cells (p<0.05) was found after staining. No difference in percentages of the different types of vaginal epithelial cells between nulliparous and multiparous ewes were found. Therefore, both staining methods were efficient, and a predominance of intermediate cells is found in nulliparous and multiparous ewes during the estrus period.

Deficient epithelial-fibroblast heterocellular gap junction communication can be overcome by co-culture with an intermediate cell type but not by E-cadherin transgene expression

1998 ◽  
Vol 111 (23) ◽  
pp. 3529-3539 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Woodward ◽  
M.A. Sia ◽  
O.W. Blaschuk ◽  
J.D. Turner ◽  
D.W. Laird
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Intermediate Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Gap Junction Intercellular Communication ◽  
Intermediate Cells ◽  
E Cadherin

Epithelial, fibroblast and intermediate cell lines were employed to examine the mechanism(s) essential for heterocellular gap junction intercellular communication in vitro. These cell lines were characterized extensively for cell type based on morphology, intermediate cytoskeletal proteins, cell adhesion molecules and their associated proteins, tight junction proteins as well as functional differentiation. All cell types expressed connexin43 and were dye-coupled in homocellular culture. Epithelial and intermediate cells or fibroblasts and intermediate cells readily assembled heterocellular connexin43-positive gap junction plaques when co-cultured, while gap junction plaques in mixed cultures of epithelial cells and fibroblasts were rare. Dye microinjection studies were used to show that there was little gap junction intercellular communication between epithelial cells and fibroblasts. However, intermediate cells were able to communicate with epithelial cells and, to a lesser extent, fibroblasts and could transfer dye to both epithelial cells and fibroblasts when all three cell types were cultured together. Fibroblasts that were stably transfected with a cDNA encoding E-cadherin had a greater tendency to aggregate and exhibited a more epithelial-like phenotype but heterocellular gap junction intercellular communication with epithelial cells, which endogenously express E-cadherin, was not enhanced. These results suggest that mutual expression of E-cadherin is insufficient to stimulate gap junction formation between epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Moreover, our results also demonstrate that communication gaps between epithelial cells and fibroblasts can be bridged by intermediate cells, a process that may be important in mammary gland development, growth, differentiation and cancer.

scholarly journals Vaginal swab cytology aplication to determine the estrus cycle of lowland anoa (bubalus depressicornis, smith, 1927) in captivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 06008
Author(s):  
Anita Mayasari ◽  
Ady Suryawan ◽  
Margaretta Christita ◽  
Adven Tri Joy Simamora ◽  
Abinawanto Abinawanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Natural Behaviour ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Breeding Center ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Mating Time

Anoa is an endemic species of Indonesia that is listed as endangered in the IUCN Redlist list and also included in the Appendix I CITES. Anoa’s reproduction have been constraint due to their natural behaviour. This animal is a solitary animal, monogamous, wild and aggressive, Incorrect mating time can lead the into a fight between the male and female. Information about the estrus cycle is very important in determining the optimal mating time for anoa. The study aim is to determine the estrus cycle of anoa based on behaviour and change in the vaginal epithelial cells. Behavioural data were observed by focal animal sampling technique to 3 female anoas in Anoa Breeding Center Manado during January-August 2017 at 07.00-17.00 CIT. Vaginal swabs cytology was done during July-August 2017 in the morning and afternoon by using terilized cotton swab and Giemsa stain. The vaginal swabs cytology techniques with Giemsa staining can be used to determine the changes in epithelial cells and confirm the estrus phase of anoa. Based on vaginal cytology the length of the estrus cycle of each individual anoa at the Anoa Breeding Center is different. At Manis the lengt of estrus cycle ranges 23 days, Rita 15 days, Denok 21 days and Ana is unidentified

scholarly journals A Prospective Study to predict Vaginal Cytology and Bishop Score as Predictors of Onset of Labor

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-230
Author(s):  
Poonam Mani ◽  
Jasneet Dhingra ◽  
Shashi Prateek
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Clinical Parameter ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Bishop Score ◽  
Cover Letter ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Intermediate Cells ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

Cover letter Vaginal cytology reflects changes in estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy. The change represents a transition from predominance of navicular cells and clusters of intermediate cells (evidence of progesterone) to appearance of fewer or small sheets of clusters with abundance of superficial cells (evidence of progesterone withdrawal) at the onset of labor. Thus, vaginal cytology is a simple and inexpensive parameter to predict the onset of labor with ease. The vaginal smear yields unsurpassed speed and convenience. Bishop score, a clinical parameter also predicts the onset of labor. At the onset of labor, Bishop score improves.

scholarly journals Cytological Assessment of Vaginal Epithelial Cells in Undergraduate Females of Reproductive Age in Ogun State, South-West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Adepoju Paul Olusegun ◽  
Solaja Anuoluwani Adeola ◽  
Adediji Isaac ◽  
Nabofa Williams ◽  
Adepoju Victoria Feyikemi
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

This study assessed the vaginal epithelial cells and its relationship with the reproductive hormones as a determinant for fertility. 100 students participated in this cross-sectional study. The established approach to the evaluation of ovarian function and endocrine disorders in the woman is based on serial biochemical analyses of hormones, such as estrogen, progesterone, luteinizing hormones and their metabolites. This study analyzed the ratio of parabasal, intermediate and superficial cells in comparison with the presenting hormones. The biochemical analyses can be effectively supplemented by the old-fashioned endometrial biopsies, or studies of endocervical mucus. In addition, the vaginal smear may sometimes provide useful information and has the advantage of being easy to obtain, rapidly evaluated, and inexpensive. Cytology is the study of cells collected by various means through microscopic examination. In the case of humans, the cytologic approach is particularly valuable if laboratories specializing in endocrine analysis are not readily available. The principle of the cytologic hormonal analysis is simple. The degree of maturation of the squamous epithelium of the female genital tract depends on steroid hormones, mainly estrogen. Various factors contribute to the fertility status of a woman. In the case of this study, age, abortion and use of contraceptives are the significant contributing factors (p <0.05, t >1.96).

scholarly journals Study of Some Physiological and Pathological Aspects of Feral Queen’s Reproductive System in Iraq

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
H. J.Kadhim, D. H.Jassim, and T. A. Abid
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Paraovarian Cyst ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intermediate Cells

The present study is carried out to investigate some aspects of reproduction in Iraqi feral cats. Sixty blood samples and female genital specimens from sexually mature queens were trapped during the period from December 2008 to December 2009.During the entire study period, the results showed that incidence rate of follicular phase was 24.56 % and the highest incidence was in Winter 62.5%, while no follicular activity was noted in animals during Autumn . The hormonal assay showed that the mean of the estradiol -17ß in 14 follicular phase animals was 47.5pg/ml, while The dominance of vaginal epithelial cells in 14 estrus queens were nucleated superficial cells 61.5 %.The incidence of luteal phase was 29.82% and the highest incidence was in Spring 56.66%,and the average of corpora lutea per animal was 4.7 % and the incidence rate of pregnant queens was 19.29%,with high incidence in Summer 33.33% wih no pregnant queens was captured in Winter. The implantation rate was 86.06% and the transuterine migration of embryos was observed in incidence rate 27.27% and all transuterine migration of embryos was occurred in animals with 100% implantation rate . The maximum number of embryos that migrate was 2 /animal. The incidence rate of pseudopregnancy 11.76%, and characterized by present of active corpora lutea on ovaries , with slight enlargement of uterus and uterine tube .In all animals with diestrus the mean of plasma progesterone level was 48 ng/ml ,and the cell comprising the vaginal smear include intermediate cells 47% parabasal cells45% and nucleated cells 5% .The anestrus phase was recognized in incidence rate 36.84% and the highest incidence of anestrus phase was noted in Autumn 75%, Cells comprising the vaginal smear in anestrus queens include intermediate cells 87.9%, parabasal cells 8.6%,nucleated superficial cells 2.7% , anucleated superficial cells 0.8% .The pathological study was revealed 3 out of 60 queens with gross reproductive systems abnormalities ,with incidence rate 5% ,these cases include paraovarian cyst, follicular cysts and pyometra.

scholarly journals Herpes simplex virus type 2 virion host shutoff protein suppresses innate dsRNA antiviral pathways in human vaginal epithelial cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1981-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Dan Yao ◽  
Kenneth Lee Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Antiviral Responses ◽  
Virion Host Shutoff ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Simplex Virus

Viruses that establish persistent infections have evolved numerous strategies to evade host innate antiviral responses. We functionally assessed the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) virion host shutoff (vhs) protein on innate immune sensing pathways in human vaginal epithelial cells (VK2 ECs). Infection of cells with wild-type (WT) HSV-2 significantly decreased expression of innate immune sensors of viral infection, Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR3, retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (Mda-5), relative to cells infected with a mutant that lacks vhs (vhsB) or mock-infected cells. Transfection with HSV-2 vhs similarly decreased expression of TLR2, TLR3, RIG-I and Mda-5, which was also confirmed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. vhsB infection of VK2 cells caused robust increases in the active form of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)3 and its translocation to the nucleus compared with the WT. Additionally, IRF3 activation by Sendai virus and polyinosinic : polycytidylic acid-induced stimulation of beta interferon (IFN-β) was significantly inhibited in vhs-transfected cells. Overall, our findings provide the first evidence that HSV-2 vhs plays roles in selectively inhibiting TLR3 and RIG-I/Mda-5, as well as TLR2-mediated antiviral pathways for sensing dsRNA and effectively suppresses IFN-β antiviral responses in human vaginal ECs.

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