scholarly journals ORTHOSTYLE OR MODERN NEUROSIS:

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
В. M. Sumariuk ◽  
N. V. Grinko ◽  
I. H. Herasymiuk
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Somatoform Disorder ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Gender Preferences ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
University Of Rome

Problems of eating behavior and the desire for a healthy diet are topical issue today. The WHO claims that there are patterns of eating behavior that can be a harbinger of other mental illnesses. The purpose of the research: to study the emotional and behavioral mental manifestations in people with nervous orthorexia, to develop an algorithm for medical and psychological support, calculation of statistical data among respondents (200 people) as a percentage of "norm - orthorexia". Information and educational work on eating disorders among the population of Ukraine. Material and methods. ORTO-15 (according to the Institute of Food Sciences, University of Rome "La Sapienza") was used to detect people with orthorexia, which determines the obsession with healthy eating. Using the Minnesota Multidisciplinary Personality Questionnaire "MMPI-2", pathopsychological changes were identified, hidden individual tendencies and psychopathological experiences among a group of people with nervous orthorexia were analyzed. Socio-statistical methods were also used to analyze and compare data (age, gender, preferences, place of residence, education, physical activity). The research involved 200 respondents: 100 women and 100 men. Ukrainians from Ukraine and the diaspora were involved (87% to 13%). More than 60% of participants monitor their weight, play sports and comment on their appearance. Research findings and their discussion. Of the 200 respondents 15% with orthorexia and 15% with the borderline condition. Among men orthorexia (20%) is more common than borderline condition (16%). In women there is a reverse trend: borderline condition (14%), orthorexia - (10%). Among the identified men and women with orthorexia, a research was conducted for a detailed analysis of pathopsychological features and individual psychological trends using the MMPI-2 test: orthorexia group (women) 79% - schizophrenia, 68% - psychoasthenia, 19% - hypomania, 6% - hypochondria and psychopathy and orthorexia group (men) 81% - schizophrenia, 66% - psychoasthenia, 21% - hypomania, 8% - hypochondria and psychopathy. Conclusions. Nervous orthorexia is a modern eating disorder characterized by an obsessive desire for a healthy diet. According to a research among the Ukrainian population: young people (up to 35 years old), people with certain dietary regimes (vegans, vegetarians, pescetarians, raw eaters), people who care about their physical condition are more prone to orthorexia. There is also an association between orthorexia and age generations. Millennials and generation Z are more likely to develop this eating disorder. Also at risk are people with cycloid traits, mood swings, high anxiety and a tendency to obsessive thoughts. There is a link between orthorexia and other neurotic disorders: OCD, anxiety disorder, GAD, somatoform disorder, and variants of adult personality disorder. Eating disorders can be associated with various stressors and self-perceptions. They occur in people with low self-esteem, in people with an obsessive desire to change their own body (dysmorphomania), as a result of distorted vision of their own body. The media and society make their adjustments to beauty standards, which encourages change. According to the research, 78.4% of men and 82.3% of women want to change their appearance, which may be due to: bullying at school age for excess weight, beauty standards from TV shows, social networks and contemplation of photos with perfect figures.

Impulsivity And Traumas In The Eating Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S432-S432
Author(s):  
M. Soto Laguna ◽  
M.D.L.D. Pérez López ◽  
M.F. Diaz Marsá ◽  
N.F. Aida
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionThe eating disorder are not only isolated power problems. They interweave issues and pathologies in patients often difficult to approach and have crimping going to reach a solution and get to the real problem of the patient. As it has been observed in studies if they have established relationships between patients with an impulsive nature and traumatized regarding the presentation of eating disorders.ObjectivesOur study aims to establish the relationship between eating disorder such as anorexia and bulimia with factors such as impulsivity and suffered traumas.Materials and methodsIt has used a sample (n = 57) and patients spent three scales “Barratt Impulsiveness Scale” (BIS-11), “Questionnaire traumatic experiences” (TQ) and the BSQ, scale measuring dissatisfaction disorders eating behavior. The aim is to see the relationship between anorexia and bulimia regarding trauma and impulsivity.ResultsIt is intended to check if having character traits of impulsivity or miss having lived or suffered traumatic experiences such as the unexpected death of a family member, rape, kidnapping… establishes a relationship in patients who develop conduct disorders food.ConclusionThis study aims to see if there is a correlation between eating disorder and factors such as traumatic experiences and an influential feature in this pathology such as the impulsivity through a sample of patients (n = 57) over 18 years.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Eating Behavior and its Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 528-537
Author(s):  
Giovanni Castellini ◽  
Valdo Ricca
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Restrictive Diet

This chapter examines the most representative pathological behaviors of the so-called feeding and eating disorders, with a particular attention to the psychopathological meaning of the different behaviors. These behaviors, including restrictive diet, binge eating, purging, or obsessive control of body shape are generally adopted to define the broad category of eating disorders. In particular, it is considered the trans-nosographic and dimensional approach to the eating disorder psychopathology, as most of the symptoms described in this chapter can be observed also in different psychopathological conditions. The chapter considers the subjective transformation in patients of the original meaning of food and alimentation into something negative and dangerous, adopting a phenomenological approach to eating disorders.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders and the Risk of their Development in Students according to the Level of Personal Anxiety

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
L. A. Proskuryakova
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Affect Body Weight ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Levels

The research examined eating disorders and the risk of their development in students according to the level of personal anxiety  from a gender perspective. An analysis showed a connection  between the level of personal anxiety and compulsive and external  types of eating behavior in female students. The sample group  consisted of 70 people, of whom 52,9 % had a high level of personal anxiety (the proportion of girls was 83,8 %). 95,7 % of students had either compulsive (64,2 %) or external (21,4 %) eating disorder. At  this age, an eating disorder does not affect body weight. However, if  the level of personal anxiety increases, it escalates the risk of  developing at least three types of eating disorders by 11,5 times. With an increase in the level of personal anxiety, the risk of  developing external overeating increases by 12,5 times and the risk  of developing a compulsive type of eating behavior increases by 1,5  times. The research revealed some gender features of eating  disorders development: girls with a high level of personal anxiety  proved to have a 5,68 times higher risk of developing various eating  disorders. However, a study in the ability to cope with stress in  students with different levels of personal anxiety with regard to  gender did not show any statistically significant differences in the  study groups. The research demonstrated that there is a need in  psycho-preventive measures that would shape rational nutrition  stereotypes in students. 

scholarly journals Stigmatising views towards individuals with eating disorders: trends and associations from 1998 to 2008 using a repeated cross-sectional design

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jennifer Guy ◽  
Helen Bould ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Francesca Solmi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Over Time

Background Eating disorders are stigmatised. Little is known about whether stigma has decreased over time and which groups hold more stigmatising beliefs. Aims To explore whether stigma towards eating disorders has changed between 1998 and 2008 and whether it varies by sociodemographic characteristics. Method We used the Office for National Statistics Omnibus surveys 1998 and 2008. As outcomes, we selected four questions eliciting participants’ views on issues of blame and ability to recover, and compared their mean scores across eating disorders, depression and alcohol dependence in both years. We used multivariable linear regressions to investigate associations between sociodemographic characteristics and each stigma domain. Results In total, 2720 participants had data on all variables of interest. Compared with 1998, in 2008 stigmatising views towards eating disorders improved. In both years, participants believed it was easier to recover from eating disorders than depression or alcohol dependence. Respondents believed people with eating disorders were more to blame for their condition than those with depression, but less than those with alcohol dependence. Men, those with less formal education, and those from ethnic minority backgrounds were more likely to place greater blame on individuals for their mental illness. Men were more likely than women to think it was possible to recover from an eating disorder. Conclusions Stigmatising attitudes towards people with eating disorders have improved over time, but are still greater than those observed for other mental illnesses. Improving eating disorder mental health literacy could help to reduce these negative views and lead to improved quality of life, greater help-seeking and better prognosis.

Neuropeptides in Eating Disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Jimerson ◽  
Barbara E. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Orexigenic Peptide

AbstractThe past decade has witnessed a dramatic acceleration in research on the role of the neuropeptides in the regulation of eating behavior and body weight homeostasis. This expanding research focus has been driven in part by increasing public health concerns related to obesity and the eating disorders anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Preclinical advances have been facilitated by the development of new molecular and behavioral research methodologies. With a focus on clinical investigations in AN and BN, this article reviews research on selected hypothalamic and gut-related peptide systems with prominent effects on eating behavior. Studies of the orexigenic peptides neuropeptide Y and the opioid peptides have shown state-related abnormalities in patients with eating disorders. With respect to gut-related peptides, there appears to be substantial evidence for blunting in the meal-related release of the satiety promoting peptide cholecystokinin in BN. Fasting plasma levels of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin have been found to be elevated in patients with AN. As discussed in this review, additional studies will be needed to assess the role of nutritional and body weight changes in neuropeptide alterations observed in symptomatic eating disorder patients, and to identify stable trait-related abnormalities in neuropeptide regulation that persist in individuals who have recovered from an eating disorder.

Effect of Heart Rate Variability on Defensive Reaction and Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Chocolate Cravers

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Elisabeth Ruiz-Padial ◽  
Nieves Vera ◽  
Carmen Fernández ◽  
Lourdes Anllo-Vento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Food Craving ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptomatology ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

The study examines the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) on the cardiac defence response (CDR) and eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. Female chocolate cravers (n = 36) and noncravers (n = 36) underwent a psychophysiological test to assess their HRV during a 5-min rest period, followed by three trials to explore the CDR, elicited by an intense white noise, during the viewing of chocolate, neutral, and unpleasant pictures. After the test, participants completed a questionnaire to measure eating disorder symptomatology. The HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR and to eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. In addition, the HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR when viewing unpleasant pictures but not to neutral or chocolate ones, across all participants. These findings support the idea that poor autonomic regulation, indexed by low HRV, plays a relevant role in food craving and uncontrolled eating behavior.

Internal Structure of the Spanish Adaptation of the Eating Disorder Inventory-3

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Elosua ◽  
Alicia López-Jáuregui
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Eating Disorder Inventory ◽  
High Internal Consistency

In this study the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 was adapted to Spanish and analyzed the internal psychometric properties of the test in a clinical sample of females with eating disorders. The results showed a high internal consistency of the scores as well as high temporal stability. The factor structure of the scale composites was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. The results supported the existence of a second-order structure beyond the psychological composites. The second-order factor showed high correlation with the factor related to eating disorders. Overall, the Spanish version of the EDI-3 showed good psychometric qualities in terms of internal consistency, temporal stability and internal structure.

Pharmacotherapy for Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan McElroy ◽  
Anna I. Guerdjikova ◽  
Nicole Mori ◽  
Paul E. Keck
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Night Eating Syndrome ◽  
Night Eating

This chapter addresses the pharmacotherapy of the eating disorders (EDs). Many persons with EDs receive pharmacotherapy, but pharmacotherapy research for EDs has lagged behind that for other major mental disorders. This chapter first provides a brief rationale for using medications in the treatment of EDs. It then reviews the data supporting the effectiveness of specific medications or medication classes in treating patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other potentially important EDs, such as night eating syndrome (NES). It concludes by summarizing these data and suggesting future areas for research in the pharmacotherapy of EDs.

Epidemiology and Course of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Keel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
The Public ◽  
Purging Disorder ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Health Significance

The epidemiology of eating disorders holds important clues for understanding factors that may contribute to their etiology. In addition, epidemiological findings speak to the public health significance of these deleterious syndromes. Information on course and outcome are important for clinicians to understand the prognosis associated with different disorders of eating and for treatment planning. This chapter reviews information on the epidemiology and course of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and two forms of eating disorder not otherwise specified, binge eating disorder and purging disorder.

The Classification of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Gordon ◽  
Jill M. Holm-Denoma ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Dsm Iv

The purpose of the chapter is to elucidate the key issues regarding the classification of eating disorders. To this end, a review of nosological research in the area of eating disorders is presented, with a particular focus on empirically based techniques such as taxometric and latent class analysis. This is followed by a section outlining areas of overlap between the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) eating disorder categories and their symptoms. Next, eating disorder classification models that are alternatives to the DSM-IV-TR are described and critically examined in light of available empirical data. Finally, areas of controversy and considerations for change in next version of the DSM (i.e., the applicability of DSM criteria to minority groups, children, males; the question of whether clinical categories should be differentiated from research categories) are discussed.

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