Overview of the research work of Prof. Takashiba and the Department of Pathophysiology – Periodontal Science – research outputs and impact

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Shogo Takashiba
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
The Us ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

If periodontitis, or gum disease, is left untreated, it can lead to strokes, diabetes, heart disease and the onset of dementia. The alveolar bone is an area of the mouth that is particularly impacted by periodontal disease and periodontists have therefore been searching for a means of regenerating lost alveolar bone with periodontal tissue. Dr Shogo Takashiba, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences at Okayama University, is working to help patients retain the oral functions they require for nutrition and to develop means of managing infection and inflammation, thereby improving general health. In particular, he and his team are looking at preventing biofilm-related infection, evaluating infection and inflammation, and regenerating periodontal tissue. A key focus for the researchers is on producing cost-effective methods for treating periodontal disease and, as such, they are working to develop anti-biofilm reagents for long-term use considering emerging issue of antimicrobial resistance. Part of this work involves cetylpyridinium chloride hydrate (CPC) and Takashiba and the team have developed a strategy to prevent the development of biofilm by combining phosphorylated pullulan and CPC. They have obtained patents for their oral wash, rinse and ointments in Japan, China, the US, the EU and Canada and are now looking at how to produce these regenerative and anti-biofilm treatments on an industrial scale, which will enable the general public to access the innovative treatments.

ESRC Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 657-698
Author(s):  
Simeon J. Yates ◽  
Jordana Blejmar
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Technological World ◽  
Ways Of Being

Two workshops were part of the final steps in the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) commissioned Ways of Being in a Digital Age project that is the basis for this Handbook. The ESRC project team coordinated one with the UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (ESRC-DSTL) Workshop, “The automation of future roles”; and one with the US National Science Foundation (ESRC-NSF) Workshop, “Changing work, changing lives in the new technological world.” Both workshops sought to explore the key future social science research questions arising for ever greater levels of automation, use of artificial intelligence, and the augmentation of human activity. Participants represented a wide range of disciplinary, professional, government, and nonprofit expertise. This chapter summarizes the separate and then integrated results. First, it summarizes the central social and economic context, the method and project context, and some basic definitional issues. It then identifies 11 priority areas needing further research work that emerged from the intense interactions, discussions, debates, clustering analyses, and integration activities during and after the two workshops. Throughout, it summarizes how subcategories of issues within each cluster relate to central issues (e.g., from users to global to methods) and levels of impacts (from wider social to community and organizational to individual experiences and understandings). Subsections briefly describe each of these 11 areas and their cross-cutting issues and levels. Finally, it provides a detailed Appendix of all the areas, subareas, and their specific questions.

Archived Attributes: An Internet-Text Approach to Measuring Legislator Attitudes and Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emily Kalah Gade ◽  
Sarah Dreier ◽  
John Wilkerson ◽  
Anne Washington
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Religious Rhetoric ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Archive ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Time Invariant

Abstract The Internet Archive curated a 90-terabyte sub-collection of captures from the US government's public website domain (‘.gov’). Such archives provide largely untapped resources for measuring attributes, behaviors and outcomes relevant to political science research. This study leverages this archive to measure a novel dimension of federal legislators' religiosity: their proportional use of religious rhetoric on official congressional websites (2006–2012). This scalable, time-variant measure improves upon more costly, time-invariant conventional approaches to measuring legislator attributes. The authors demonstrate the validity of this method for measuring legislators' public-facing religiosity and discuss the contributions and limitations of using archived Internet data for scientific analysis. This research makes three applied methodological contributions: (1) it develops a new measure for legislator religiosity, (2) it models an improved, more comprehensive approach to analyzing congressional communications and (3) it demonstrates the unprecedented potential that archived Internet data offer to researchers seeking to develop meaningful, cost-effective approaches to analyzing political phenomena.

scholarly journals Oral Microbiota and Immune System Crosstalk: A Translational Research

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ballini ◽  
Gianna Dipalma ◽  
Ciro Gargiulo Isacco ◽  
Mariarosaria Boccellino ◽  
Marina Di Domenico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: Oral pathogens may exert the ability to trigger differently the activation of local macrophage immune responses, for instance Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans induce predominantly pro-inflammatory (M1-like phenotypes) responses, while oral commensal microbiota primarily elicits macrophage functions consistent with the anti-inflammatory (M2-like phenotypes). Methods: In healthy individuals vs. periodontal disease patients’ blood samples, the differentiation process from monocyte to M1 and M2 was conducted using two typical growth factors, the granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). Results: In contrast with the current literature our outcomes showed a noticeable increase of macrophage polarization from healthy individuals vs. periodontal patients. The biological and clinical significance of these data was discussed. Conclusions: Our translational findings showed a significant variance between control versus periodontal disease groups in M1 and M2 marker expression within the second group significantly lower skews differentiation of M2-like macrophages towards an M1-like phenotype. Macrophage polarization in periodontal tissue may be responsible for the development and progression of inflammation-induced periodontal tissue damage, including alveolar bone loss, and modulating macrophage function may be a potential strategy for periodontal disease management.

scholarly journals Features of substitution of defects of tooth rows in persons with periodontal tissue diseases of different severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
O. Doroshenko ◽  
◽  
O. Bida ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Abutment Teeth

Resume. The high prevalence of periodontal disease causes the urgency of finding ways to improve methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of complications of this disease. The complex clinical picture requires a differentiated approach to the choice of orthopedic rehabilitation of such patients taking into account the patient's age, degree of pathological changes and activity of the pathological process with mandatory immobilization of movable teeth by different types of splints and splint dentures. Depending on the degree of pathological changes in periodontal tissues, the size and topography of dentition defects and the severity of destructive-resorptive processes in the alveolar bone, the replacement of dentition defects should be planned using dental implants and splinttype dentures. The aim of the study. Improving the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of periodontal diseases, burdened by defects of the dentition through the differentiated use of dental implants and splinting structures. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 237 patients with clinically diagnosed periodontitis I–III degree, burdened by partial loss of teeth. From the specified contingent of persons we carried out orthopedic treatment of 98 patients aged from 30 to 69 years with periodontal diseases of various severity, aggravated by defects of dentitions of various size and localization. Cone-beam computed tomography was used for objective quantitative and qualitative assessment of periodontal tissue and bone tissue of the edentulous jaw in individuals with various clinical forms of periodontal disease, to determine the relative densitometric density of bone tissue, when planning dental implantation and for control its results. The localization of supracontacts was determined by occlusion. Diagnosis and elimination of traumatic occlusion were performed according to Jenkelson and Schuller [3]. Evaluation of the stability of dental implants was performed by frequency – resonance analysis of the stability of dental implants using the Osstell ISQ device. Results. According to the results of examination of 237 people and the division of patients into three age groups, the clinical features of the pathological process in the age aspect were established. The results of computed tomography of the dental apparatus of the subjects showed that periodontal disease in the age aspect in the dynamics is accompanied by the severity of destructive-resorptive processes in the alveolar bone, which are manifested in a decrease in the relative densitometric density of bone marrow and bone loss. Orthopedic rehabilitation of this contingent of persons was performed with the use of biologically indifferent structural materials and splinting orthopedic structures, including splinting of abutment teeth, removable prosthetics and dental implantation, as well as accompanying physiotherapy of prostheses. In the case of periodontitis of I–II degree with sufficient volume and density of bone tissue in the area of the dentition defect, high clinical efficacy was shown by the use of dental implantation in the case of gradual loading of the dental implant using a superstructure of own development. In the presence of medium and large defects of the dentition on the background of periodontitis II–III severity in the presence of significant pathological mobility of abutment teeth and insufficient volume and density of bone tissue in the area of the defect sufficient clinical effectiveness showed the use of removable dentures own design. Conclusions. Periodontal diseases in the age aspect in the dynamics are accompanied by pronounced destructive-resorptive processes in the alveolar bone, which are manifested by a decrease in the relative densitometric density of bone tissue and progressive loss of height of the alveolar process. Timely application of dental implantation due to the dosed gradual occlusal load on the alveolar bone helps to preserve the structure of the alveolar bone and the height of the alveolar process. In the presence of medium and large defects of the dentition on the background of periodontitis II–III severity in the presence of significant pathological mobility of abutment teeth and insufficient volume and density of bone tissue in the area of the dentition defect, the use of removable dentures of splinttype design is shown. To prevent complications of prosthetics and prolong the use of orthopedic structures, it is advisable to use photodynamic maintenance therapy. Key words: periodontal tissue disease, dentition defect, dental implantation, splint-type denture.

scholarly journals Assessment of Occlusal Function in a Patient with an Angle Class I Spaced Dental Arch with Periodontal Disease Using a Brux Checker

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ayako Taira ◽  
Shiho Odawara ◽  
Shuntaro Sugihara ◽  
Kenichi Sasaguri
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Occlusal Force ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anterior Guidance

Comprehensive and appropriate occlusion reconstruction therapy is necessary for orthodontic treatment of adult patients with malocclusion with periodontal disease associated with occlusal trauma. We report the case of a patient with extensive moderate chronic periodontitis associated with occlusal trauma. The patient was diagnosed with extensive moderate chronic periodontitis associated with occlusal trauma and underwent thorough treatment for periodontal disease, oral management, and 20 months of orthodontic therapy. Moreover, reconstructed occlusion was performed to evaluate occlusal trauma for visualization using Brux Checker (BC) analysis before and after active orthodontic treatment. The patient acquired stable anterior guidance and a functional occlusal relationship. BC findings revealed weakening of the functional contact between the lateral occlusal force of the dentition and the front teeth and alveolar bone regeneration. The laminar dura became clearer, and the periodontal tissue improved. Our results suggest that assessment of occlusion function using BC analysis and periodontal examination was effective in enabling occlusal treatment goal clarification through orthodontic treatment in case of periodontal disease associated with occlusal trauma.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN STATUS GINGIVA PADA PENDERITA LEUKEMIA DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

e-GIGI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy R. B. Tangka’a ◽  
Pieter L. Suling ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bacterial Plaque

Abstract: Periodontal disease is a disease tooth and mouth the most common suffered. Bacterial plaque buildup on the surface of the tooth is the main cause of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease started from gingivitis, when untreated can develop into periodontitis where periodontal tissue damage occurs in the form damage of fibre, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Leukemia is a malignancy disease characterized by the presence of bleeding. Location of bleeding most often found on the skin, eyes, nose mucous membrane, gingiva and gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of this research is to know the description of the status of gingiva in sufferers of leukemia in was Prof. Dr. r. d. Kandou Manado.This was descriptive study with cross sectional approach. Samples was collected using total sampling by examination the status of gingiva based on index gingiva Loe and Silness. The results showed that most of the patients experiencing mild inflammation (68,75%) and the rest suffered medium inflammation (31,25%). Based on age, puberty is largely experiencing mild inflammation (56,25%) and adolescents medium inflammation (18,75%). Based on the gender, men mostly experiencing mild inflammation (31,25%) and most women experience mild inflammation (37,50%). Based on the type of disease, LLA mostly suffered inflammation lightweight (68,75%), LMA all experiencing inflammation medium (6,25%) and LMK all experiencing inflammation medium (12,50%). Conclusion: Leukemia patients treated at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou had the awareness to maintain oral hygiene, however, socialization about the importance of oral hygiene is still needed.Keywords: leukemia, periodontal disease, gingival statusAbstrak: Penyakit periodontal merupakan penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling umum diderita. Penumpukan bakteri plak pada permukaan gigi merupakan penyebab utama penyakit periodontal. Penyakit periodontal dimulai dari gingivitis, bila tidak terawat bisa berkembang menjadi periodontitis dimana terjadi kerusakan jaringan periodontal berupa kerusakan fiber, ligamen periodontal dan tulang alveolar. Leukemia merupakan penyakit keganasan yang ditandai dengan adanya perdarahan. Lokasi perdarahan yang paling sering ditemukan pada bagian kulit, mata, membrane mukosa hidung, gingiva dan saluran cerna. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui gambaran status gingiva pada penderita leukemia di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling dengan cara melakukan pemeriksaan status gingiva berdasarkan indeks gingiva Loe dan Silness. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pesien mengalami inflamasi ringan (68,75%) dan sisanya mengalami inflamasi sedang (31,25%). Berdasarkan umur, pubertas sebagian besar mengalami inflamasi ringan (56,25%) dan remaja mengalami inflamasi sedang (18,75%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, laki - laki sebagian besar mengalami inflamasi ringan (31,25%) dan perempuan sebagian besar mengalami inflamasi ringan (37,50%). Berdasarkan jenis penyakit, LLA sebagian besar mengalami inflamasi ringan (68,75%), LMA semuanya mengalami inflamasi sedang (6,25%) dan LMK semuanya mengalami inflamasi sedang (12,50%). Simpulan: Pasien leukemia yang berada di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou memiliki kesadaran untuk menjaga kebersihan mulut, tetapi sosialisasi tentang pentingnya menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut masih dibutuhkan.Kata kunci: leukemia, penyakit periodontal, status gingiva.

scholarly journals Neuromyelitis Optica: An Antibody-Mediated Disorder of the Central Nervous System

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwon Oh ◽  
Michael Levy
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Humoral Pathology ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radiology And Pathology ◽  
Extensive Transverse Myelitis

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a recurrent inflammatory disease that preferentially targets the optic nerves and spinal cord leading to blindness and paralysis. The hallmarks of NMO include bilateral optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Woman and African Americans are overrepresented in the US patient population. NMO is associated with the NMO-IgG biomarker, which targets the aquaporin-4 water channel on astrocytes. The humoral pathology of NMO lesions include IgG and IgM deposits and infiltration by granulocytes suggesting that the NMO-IgG may be involved in the pathogenesis of disease. This review of the recent NMO literature covers the clinical features, epidemiology, radiology and pathology of disease and includes discussion of the important basic science research work in the field.

Factor Analysis among the variables relating to purpose of using social media websites and nonacceptance of social media in recruitment

2020 ◽  
pp. 245-248
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Recruitment Strategies ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Hiring Process ◽  
To Come ◽  
New Strategies

In the era of Globalization, advancement of technology and stiff competition, particularly, in the I.T. Industry, companies have to adopt new H.R. strategies and practices so as to constantly evolve and grow. In this context, existing recruitment strategies have to be replaced by new strategies. Many companies are now extensively depending on the internet to connect to larger audiences globally. Organizations are in a position to attract profiles, resumes from potential candidates by announcing their vacancies on their own websites. E-recruitment is evoking interest among the companies typically over the last few years. The spread of information technology and growth of Internet has paved way for companies willing to hunt for talent on the job seeking websites. In the years to come, social networking will soon be an indispensable part of the hiring process. It is cost effective, does not require setting up an office and forms an effective tool for recruiters. The main purpose of this study was to understand the application of factor analysis in social science research and to reduce a large number of variables into manageable smaller factors for further analysis of the employers’ perception on social media recruitment with reference to the I.T. Sector in Bangalore.

Knee Muscle Force Estimating Model Using Machine Learning Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Sohane ◽  
Ravinder Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Knee Muscle

Abstract Various simulation type tools and conventional algorithms are being used to determine knee muscle forces of human during dynamic movement. These all may be good for clinical uses, but have some drawbacks, such as higher computational times, muscle redundancy and less cost-effective solution. Recently, there has been an interest to develop supervised learning-based prediction model for the computationally demanding process. The present research work is used to develop a cost-effective and efficient machine learning (ML) based models to predict knee muscle force for clinical interventions for the given input parameter like height, mass and angle. A dataset of 500 human musculoskeletal, have been trained and tested using four different ML models to predict knee muscle force. This dataset has obtained from anybody modeling software using AnyPyTools, where human musculoskeletal has been utilized to perform squatting movement during inverse dynamic analysis. The result based on the datasets predicts that the random forest ML model outperforms than the other selected models: neural network, generalized linear model, decision tree in terms of mean square error (MSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and Correlation (r). The MSE of predicted vs actual muscle forces obtained from the random forest model for Biceps Femoris, Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis are 19.92, 9.06, 5.97, 5.46, Correlation are 0.94, 0.92, 0.92, 0.94 and R2 are 0.88, 0.84, 0.84 and 0.89 for the test dataset, respectively.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Periodontal Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Mikihito Kajiya ◽  
Hidemi Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Tissue

Periodontal disease, one of the most prevalent human infectious diseases, is characterized by chronic inflammatory tissue destruction of the alveolar bone and the connective tissues supporting the tooth [...]

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