scholarly journals Stability analysis of selected mutants of Indian indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Saranya VS ◽  
Mareen Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Stability analysis was carried out with nine mutant genotypes and one local accession of neelamari (Indigofera tinctoria L.) under four environments to identify stable genotypes that could be cultivated uniformly under varied environmental conditions for yield and yield attributing traits as well as for the indigotin content. Pooled analysis of variance for stability indicated that all the genotypes of neelamari were highly significant for all the characters indicated that materials selected possessed sufficient genetic variation for all the traits studied. Mean squares due to G x E interaction and E + (G x E) were found significant for some of the traits. Genotype x Environment (linear) were exhibited by all the genotypes for most of the characters. The mutants It-3 and It-6 were stable over all environments for the characters plant spread, dry weight of leaves and indigotin content. Mutant It-8 was stable over favourable environment for the characters plant height, plant spread, girth of stem, total fresh weight of plant, fresh weight of leaves and dry weight of leaves and It-10 was stable over unfavourable environment for  plant spread, total fresh weight of the plant and dry weight of shoot.

AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis of Seed Yield and Batter Quality Traits in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rajalakshmi ◽  
N. Manivannan ◽  
G. Anand ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
S. Harish
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gxe Interaction ◽  
Favourable Environment

Background: Blackgram is an important pulse crop consumed in the form of fermented cuisines especially in south India. Yield being a complex trait, is highly influenced by environment. Studies on environmental influence on batter quality are rare. Hence, the current study was taken up to identity stable genotypes over environments with respect to yield and batter quality traits.Methods: In the present study, 32 blackgram genotypes were evaluated for yield performance and batter quality traits during kharif 2019, rabi 2019-20 and summer 2020 at National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban. Pooled analysis of variance and stability analysis was performed by AMMI and GGE biplot.Result: From stability analysis, it was evident that the genotypes, ACM BG 17-001, ACM BG 17-006 and ACM BG 18-010 expressed high mean value and stability for seed yield. In case of idly batter volume, the genotypes, ACM BG 17-001 was stable hence may be recommended for all season cultivation. The trait, vada batter volume was found to be with non-significant GxE interaction and hence do not interact with the environment. Among the environments under study, summer season was the most favourable environment for seed yield. However, for idly batter quality, kharif season was the most favourable environment.

scholarly journals Growth and Ginsenosides Content of Ginseng Sprouts According to LED-Based Light Quality Changes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Yoon-Jeong Kim ◽  
Thi Kim Loan Nguyen ◽  
Myung-Min Oh
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
One Year ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

This study investigated growth and ginsenosides content of ginseng sprouts under various light spectra. One-year-old ginseng seedlings were cultivated under various light treatments including: monochromatic (red (R), green (G), and blue (B)), various RB and RGB combinations, white (fluorescent lamps (FL) and natural white (NW)), and supplemental far red (FR). R and high R ratio increased growth characteristics of ginseng sprouts (excepted for root dry weight). The replacement of G for B in RGB group and W group did not increase the growth, and supplemental FR increased shoot and root fresh weights, total fresh weight, and leaf area. R had 1.5 times higher photosynthetic rate compared to B and G, and R8G1B1 and R9G1B0 showed the highest values in RGB group; whereas the RB, W, and FR groups did not enhance photosynthetic rate. B and high B ratio increased shoot saponin and ginsenosides, total saponin and ginsenosides contents. Total saponin content in shoot was 4.4 times higher than that in root. The supplemental FR enhanced both total saponin and ginsenosides contents. In conclusion, NW + FR showed the highest total fresh weight, saponin and ginsenosides contents among all treatments, suggesting that supplementation of FR has a positive effect on ginseng sprouts grown in plant factories.

scholarly journals Monosporic Inoculation of Economically Important Horticultural Species with Native Endomycorrhizae under Greenhouse Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Flor Hernandez ◽  
Rosalinda Villarreal ◽  
Valentin Torres ◽  
Adrien Gallou
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Research into the symbiotic relationship between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is key for sustainable agricultural intensification. The objective of the present study is to evaluate native AMF at the monosporic level in greenhouse-grown, economically important crops. Agricultural soil samples from three locations (Saltillo, Zaragoza, and Parras) were obtained by combining portions resulting from a zigzag sampling pattern. From these samples, 15 morphotypes were extracted according to a modified Gerdemann’s technique and monosporically inoculated on melon, cucumber, tomato, and onion, 30 days after their sowing. Under a completely random experimental design, 16 treatments with three repetitions were defined. Plant height, root length, stem diameter, total fresh weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight, bulb weight, fresh leaf weight, total dry weight, flower number, leaf number, fruit number, spore number, and percentage of colonization were all evaluated. The results were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey comparison test (p ≤ 0.05), which showed that the monosporic inoculation favors significantly the AMF and the host, while the T6 (Saltillo spore + Steiner modified with 20% of the normal phosphorus concentration) showed a greater response uniformity on onion and melon, which indicates its great potential as an inoculum.

scholarly journals Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad ◽  
Mingju Li ◽  
Muhammad Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Thermo Stability

Diminishing water resources as a result of excessive use of water for irrigation and climate change posture a severe global threat to food security. Herein, an experiment was conducted to determine the selection criteria for drought-tolerant bread wheat genotypes at the seedling stage using morphological and photosynthetic pigmentation-related traits. A panel of 105 wheat landraces, historical Pakistani varieties, and advance breeding lines were evaluated under normal and drought stress using factorial completely randomized design. The root length, fresh weight, dry weight, cell membrane thermo-stability, and chlorophyll b were positively correlated among themselves under both normal and stress conditions. Hence, selection of any one of these traits enhances the performance of other traits. The shoot length was non-significant and negatively associated with all other studied characters except relative water content. The results suggested that selection for shoot length could not improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. Out of 10 principal components (PCs), the first three PCs were showed significant genetic variation under both conditions. The first three PCs showed 74.6% and 76% cumulative genetic variation under normal and drought conditions, respectively. Based on PCA, 10 drought-tolerant and five drought-susceptible genotypes were identified. Overall results suggested that selection for root length, fresh weight, dry weight, cell membrane thermo-stability, and chlorophyll b at the seedling stage would improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. The outperforming genotypes under drought stress conditions can be useful in future wheat breeding programs, and early selection for the traits recommended in this study will be effective for developing high-yielding and drought-tolerant wheat varieties.

scholarly journals Assessment of Growth and Biomass Production of a Medicinal Plant Bryophyllum Salisb. as Influenced by Different Organic Manures

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
AT Sharif ◽  
AS Razzaque ◽  
TT Purna ◽  
Md Khalilur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Compost Treatment ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of various organic manures on the growth performance and biomass production of Bryophyllum pinnatum. Nine kinds of organic manures, such as ACI, BGF-1, bone meal, Green life, Kazi, Majim, mustard cake, Payel and Shebok composts were applied individually at the rate of 15 ton/ha. Highest height (45.25 cm), leaf number (102.67 no./plant), leaf area (82.43 cm2/plant), number of branches (27.00 no./plant), girth (6.75 cm/plant), total fresh weight (334.02 g/plant) and total dry weight (86.09 g/plant) were recorded in mustard cake compost treatment at harvest. Results showed that the best growth performance and biomass production both were achieved by mustard cake compost treatment. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(2): 229-236, 2020 (July)

scholarly journals Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.) Seedlings Showed Impressive Recovery after Defoliation

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.D. Ugese ◽  
P.T. Ezechukwu ◽  
C. Ogbaje
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Characters ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Experiments to determine the effect of seed size, watering interval and defoliation on growth and dry matter attributes of seedlings of shea butter tree were conducted at Makurdi, Nigeria, from July 2010 to April, 2012. In the first experiment, treatments were made up of three seed size categories described as small (5-10g), medium (11-15g) and large (16-20g) and three watering intervals of 3, 6 and 9 days. In the second experiment, treatments comprised three watering intervals of 3, 6 and 9 days and three levels of defoliation – 0, 50 and 100%. In both experiments, factorial combinations of the treatments were laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. Results of analysis of variance showed that in the first experiment seed size significantly influenced root length with the medium and large seeds producing seedlings with comparatively longer roots than the small seeds. The most frequently watered seedlings (3 and 6 days) produced more leaves than those watered less frequently (9 days). Seed size influenced dry weight of root and total (whole plant) dry weight with the medium and large seeds recording significantly higher values than the small seeds. Watering interval however did not significantly influence any of the other traits. Seed weight exerted significant influence on amount of dry matter partitioned to the stem and the root. More dry matter was partitioned to the stem by the small seeds. Conversely, medium and large seeds allocated more dry matter to the root than to the stem. In the second experiment, defoliation level only influenced total fresh weight, dry weight of root and total dry weight in favour of plants with half their leaves removed. None of the traits examined were significantly influenced by watering regime. Interaction between defoliation level and watering regime significantly influenced total fresh weight, dry weight of root and total dry weight. Generally seed size had more influence on seedling characters than watering interval. Seedlings also demonstrated remarkable ability to overcome effects of defoliation.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan analisis kualitatif tanin, saponin dan flavonoid dari Selaginella plana, S. willdenovii and S. mayeri pada tiga naungan berbeda (The growth and qualitative analysis of tannin, saponin and flavonoid in Selaginella plana, S. willdenovii an

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatik Chikmawati ◽  
Puspita Dewi Sopyati ◽  
Miftahudin Miftahudin
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Bioactive Material ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
Bioactive Content ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
The Right ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Abstrak Selaginella yang banyak dijumpai melimpah di Indonesia sangat  berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Kadar bahan bioaktif dalam tumbuhan  sangat tergantung pada lingkungan tumbuhnya, namun penelitian aspek budidaya dari Selaginella di Indonesia yang berkaitan dengan bahan bioaktif belum banyak dilakukan.  Penelitian awal tentang aspek budidaya Selaginella telah dilakukan khususnya untuk mengetahui naungan yang tepat bagi pertumbuhannya serta pengaruhnya terhadap kandungan bahan bioaktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan naungan sebagai petak utama dan jenis Selaginella sebagai anak petak. S. plana, S. willdenovii dan S. mayeri diberi perlakuan naungan dengan paranet 40%, 65%, 80%, dan tanpa naungan. Uji kandungan tanin, saponin, dan flavonoid secara kualitatif diketahui dengan melakukan ekstraksi dengan alkohol. Pertambahan cabang total, pertambahan bobot basah total, bobot basah, dan bobot kering biomassa dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh naungan dan jenis Selaginella. Masing-masing jenis Selaginella memerlukan intensitas cahaya yang berbeda untuk mendukung pertumbuhannya. Semua jenis yang diuji juga mengandung kadar tanin, saponin, dan flavonoid berbeda secara kualitatif. Kata kunci:  Selaginella, naungan, tanin, saponin, flavonoid Abstract Selaginella found abandonly in Indonesia is very potensial as the source of natural antioxidant. The amount of bioactive material of Selaginella depends on the environment, but research on the amount of bioactive material correlated to the cultivated aspect has not been done in Indonesia. The preeliminary research of the cultivation of Selaginella was  investigated especially to know the right shading for the best growth of Selaginella. The right shading may also affect bioactive content of Selaginella. This research used split plot design with level of shading as main plot and species as sub plot. S. plana, S. willdenovii, and S. mayeri were grown under paranet with 40%, 65%, 80% shading, and non shading treatments. Bioactive compound was extracted using alcohol 70% and analyzed for tannin, saponin, and flavonoid contents. Results indicated that level of shading and species affected total branch increase, total fresh weight increase, fresh and dry weight of biomass.  Each species required different light intensity to support its growth. All species in the experiment contained different qualitative level of tannin, saponin, and flavonoid. Keywords: Selaginella, shade, tanin, saponin, flavonoid

scholarly journals Analysis of Environmental Conditions Effect in the Phytochemical Composition of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Samaniego ◽  
Susana Espin ◽  
Xavier Cuesta ◽  
Verónica Arias ◽  
Armando Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Phytochemical Components ◽  
Selection Of

Crop productivity and food quality are affected by environmental conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the environment on the concentration of phytochemical components in several potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. The content of vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AA), the total carotenoids content (TCC), the total polyphenols content (TPC), and the total anthocyanins content (TAC) of 11 potatoes varieties grown in Ecuador (Cutuglahua, Pujilí, and Pilahuín) was measured by the spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant capacity (AC) of potato cultivars was evaluated by the ABTS method. The AA concentration ranged between 12.67 to 39.49 mg/100g fresh weight (FW), the TCC ranged between 50.00 and 1043.50 μg/100g FW, the TPC ranged between 0.41 and 3.25 g of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg dry weight (DW), the TAC ranged between 2.74 and 172.53 μg/g FW and finally the AC ranged between 36.80 and 789.19 μg of trolox equivalents (TE)/g FW. Genotypes (G), location (L), and interaction (G x L) were significant at p < 0.01. The genotype (G) showed a greater variation in the phytochemical contents. AA and TPC showed the highest correlation with the AC. A selection of genotypes with these characteristics can be used to develop germplasms with a high AC.

scholarly journals Phenotypic correlation and regression of hydroponics maize fodder as influenced by seed rate, nutrient sources and spray schedule

2021 ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Santosh Nagappa Ningoji ◽  
Thimmegowda M N
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

The experiments were carried out at AICRP on Dry Land Agriculture, University of Agricultural Science, GKVK, Bengaluru to study the “Phenotypic correlation and regression of hydroponics maize fodder as influenced by seed rate, nutrient sources and spray schedule” during 2017-2018. The results of revealed significantly positive correlation between fodder yield per kg seed and yield parameter like total fresh weight of fodder per kg seed (r=0.95**), total dry weight per kg of seed (r=0.86*), growth parameters like shoot length (r= 0.90**), root length (r=0.85*) and seedling vigour (r=0.84*), physiological parameters like water use efficiency (r=0.86*), relative water content (r=0.91*) and SPAD (r=0.92**). With respect to nutrition study correlation coefficients of traits with fodder yield revealed positive correlation growth components like shoot length (r=0.90**), root length (r=0.74**), seedling vigour (r=0.86**) and dry matter accumulation (0.97**), yield parameters like Total fresh weight of fodder (r=0.96**), individual fresh weight of plant (r=0.95**) and individual dry weight of plant (r=0.97**), physiological parameters like SPAD (r=0.78**) and WUE (r=1.00**), quality parameters like nitrogen content, crude protein, crude fibre and total carbohydrates (r=0.927**, 0.927**, 0.770* and 0.905**, respectively). The study revealed significantly higher fodder yield with two combined sprays of urea and MOP each @ 1 per cent at 3rd and 10th Days after sowing (DAS) with 2.5 kg m-2 under hydroponic conditions.

EFFECTS OF FOLIAGE TREATMENTS WITH GIBBERELLIN ON FORAGE YIELD OF ALFALFA, KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS AND WINTER WHEAT

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Corns
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Gibberellin Treatment ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Foliage of alfalfa and of Kentucky Bluegrass grown indoors, and of Kharkov winter wheat planted in springtime in the field, was treated with gibberellin solution before and/or after harvesting the forage once or twice. Visible elongation of leaves and of stems of the grass and wheat, but not of alfalfa, was induced by the chemical treatments. Treatments with 200 p.p.m. gibberellin had no distinguishable effect on weight of alfalfa. Such treatment of Kentucky Bluegrass, before the first cutting, increased fresh and dry weight at the first cutting, did not affect yield at the second harvest, and slightly increased the final total fresh weight. Corresponding chemical treatment, followed by one cutting at the end of the test, increased the weight of the grass as compared to controls cut either once or twice. Treatment with 200 or 400 p.p.m. chemical after the first cutting also increased the yield of the grass. Gibberellin treatment (36 p.p.m.) of wheat foliage harvested once at the end of the experiment improved the yield as compared to controls.

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