scholarly journals Mutaciones y tensiones de la escuela contemporánea: miradas críticas

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
María Alejandra Taborda Caro ◽  
Ínia Franco de Novaes
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Control ◽  
School System ◽  
The State ◽  
State Reform ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Contemporary School

A fines de la década de los años 70 del siglo XX, se percibieron los primeros síntomas de las mudanzas a las que fue sometida la escuela de la modernidad. Estas variaciones fueron usadas como pretexto para exponer un profundo cambio que la época develada, la educación de masas, explosión demográfica, entre otras. La reforma estatal más importante, omnipresente, amplia y extendida de todas las épocas es la vinculación a la escuela de las dificultades propias de la economía, el Estado y las organizaciones. En los últimos treinta años se han configurado las subjetividades más complejas presentes en la historia de la escuela, donde el más crudo de los individualismos colonizó este espacio. Las anteriores mutaciones parecieran pertenecer al género de obviedades que no es preciso explicar, pues “los cambios son porque están”. De ahí que se requiera, desde miradas históricas y pedagógicas, comprender la génesis de estos cambios que determinaron el formato de la escuela contemporánea. Desde miradas genealógicas arqueológicas para futuras revisiones, este documento dará algunas pistas sobre el giro de la escuela dentro del consenso transcultural adherido a la educación de masas y sobre la creación de un dispositivo de control social del mundo escolar a través de las disciplinas escolares.Palabras clave: escuela, cambios, historia, crítica.AbstractIn the late 70s of the twentieth century, the first signs of the changes to which the School of modernity was brought under are perceived. These variations were used as a pretext to expose an existing deep change that stood out above others: education to the masses. The most important, pervasive, widespread and extensive state reform of all ages is the link to the school of the own difficulties of the economy, the State and organizations. In the last thirty years, the most complex subjectivities present in the history of the school have been set up, the crudest model of individualism colonized this space. The previous mutations seem to belong to the genre of truism that is not necessary to explain: “The changes are because they are”. Hence, it is required from historical and pedagogical understanding the genesis of these changes that determined the format of the contemporary school. From archaeological genealogical looks for future reviews, this document will give some clues about the shift of the school in the transcultural consensus adhered to the education to the masses, and the creation of a device for social control of the school system through school subjects.Keywords: school, changes, history, criticism.

Music in the British Workplace: From Voice to a Technique of Control?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Korczynski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Social History ◽  
Singing Voice ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This chapter examines music in the British workplace. It considers whether it is appropriate to see the history of music in the workplace as involving a journey from the organic singing voice (both literal and metaphorical) of workers to broadcast music appropriated by the powerful to become a technique of social control. The chapter charts four key stages in the social history of music in British workplaces. First, it highlights the existence of widespread cultures of singing at work prior to industrialization, and outlines the important meanings these cultures had for workers. Next, it outlines the silencing of the singing voice within the workplace further to industrialization—either from direct employer bans on singing, or from the roar of the industrial noise. The third key stage involves the carefully controlled employer- and state-led reintroduction of music in the workplace in the mid-twentieth century—through the centralized relaying of specific forms of music via broadcast systems in workplaces. The chapter ends with an examination of contemporary musicking in relation to (often worker-led) radio music played in workplaces.

„Zurück zu Schleiermacher! und von Schleiermacher aus vorwärts!“

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent A. R. Hege
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War I ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Psychological Method ◽  
Dialectical Theology ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractAs dialectical theology rose to prominence in the years following World War I, the new theologians sought to distance themselves from liberalism in a number of ways, an important one being a rejection of Schleiermacher’s methods and conclusions. In reading the history of Weimar-era theology as it has been written in the twentieth century one would be forgiven for assuming that Schleiermacher found no defenders during this time, as liberal theology quietly faded into the twilight. However, a closer examination of this period reveals a different story. The last generation of liberal theologians consistently appealed to Schleiermacher for support and inspiration, perhaps none more so than Georg Wobbermin, whom B. A. Gerrish has called a “captain of the liberal rearguard.” Wobbermin sought to construct a religio-psychological method on the basis of Schleiermacher’s definition of religion and on his “Copernican turn” toward the subject and resolutely defended such a method against the new dialectical theology long after liberal theology’s supposed demise. A consideration of Wobbermin’s appeals to Schleiermacher in his defense of the liberal program reveals a more complex picture of the state of theology in the Weimar period and of Schleiermacher’s legacy in German Protestant thought.

Die Macht der Institution

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War

This volume examines Arnold Gehlen’s theory of the state from his philosophy of the state in the 1920s via his political and cultural anthropology to his impressive critique of the post-war welfare state. The systematic analyses the book contains by leading scholars in the social sciences and the humanities examine the interplay between the theory and history of the state with reference to the broader context of the history of ideas. Students and researchers as well as other readers interested in this subject will find this book offers an informative overview of how one of the most wide-ranging and profound thinkers of the twentieth century understands the state. With contributions by Oliver Agard, Heike Delitz, Joachim Fischer, Andreas Höntsch, Tim Huyeng, Rastko Jovanov, Frank Kannetzky, Christine Magerski, Zeljko Radinkovic, Karl-Siegbert Rehberg and Christian Steuerwald.

A short history of Polish formations protecting the governing bodies of the state

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Aneta Drożdż
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Short History ◽  
Control Subsystem ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important People ◽  
The Moment

This paper presents a short history of Polish formations protecting the governing bodies of the state, starting from the moment Poland regained independence at the end of the twentieth century. The considerations are presented against the rules and principles of the functioning of the state security system, with particular emphasis on the control subsystem. This paper demonstrates the need to research attitudes to safety in the past, in order to develop and apply effective contemporary solutions. The considerations contained in it also concern the existing threats to the management of state organs. They may contribute to further discussions on the purpose and rules of operation of the formation which is supposed to protect the most important people in the state.

scholarly journals La institucionalización de la danza en la Facultad de Bellas Artes en Valdivia: Una historia desde la experiencia de sus bailarines, 1954-1976

2018 ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Carla Mella Barrientos
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
University Funding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Personal Archives ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
General Secretary

En el artículo se analiza el proceso de institucionalización universitaria de la danza disciplinaria en Valdivia a mediados del siglo XX. El objetivo es demostrar que su desarrollo surgió debido a la preocupación por la apertura de la cultura a la sociedad civil, entendida aquella como aquellos elementos educativos y artísticos de interés para el Estado chileno, los agentes privados y las municipalidades.El proceso de institucionalización de la danza corresponde a un periodo de transformaciones en torno a la comprensión de la necesidad de integrar en la academia valdiviana el arte escénico, lo que no estuvo alejado de problemas relativos al financiamiento universitario, desastres naturales e interés por parte de las autoridades de mantener el área. Las fuentes utilizadas corresponden a relatos orales de tres destacadas bailarinas vinculadas al campo de la danza en Valdivia, testimonios de carácter principal que encarnan las influencias de escuelas, corrientes y estéticas; documentos vinculados con la historia de la Facultad de Bellas Artes, extraídos del Archivo de la Secretaría General de la Universidad Austral de Chile, archivos personales y notas periodísticas del diario El Correo de Valdivia.Institutionalization of Dance in the Fine Arts faculty in Valdivia: A history from its dancers’ experience 1954-1976AbstractThis article analyzes the process of university institutionalization of disciplinary dance in Valdivia in the middle of Twentieth Century. The objective is to show that its development emerged due to the concern about the cultural opening to the civil society known as those educational and artistic elements of interest for the Chilean State, private agents, and municipalities. Such process of institutionalization takes place when people were transforming their understanding about the necessity to integrate Performing Arts in the Academy of Valdivia, which was not far away from problems as university funding, natural disasters, and the interest from authorities to maintain the area. Used sources correspond to verbal stories by three distinguished dancers connected to the dance field in Valdivia, important testimonies personifying influences of schools, trends, and aesthetics; documents related to the history of the Fine Arts Faculty and extracted from the General Secretary Archive of the Universidad Austral de Chile, personal archives, and journalist notes from El Correo de Valdivia newspaper.Keywords: Disciplinary dance, institutionalization, Faculty of Fine Artes, Universidad Austral de Chile.A institucionalização da dança na Faculdade de Belas-Artes em Valdivia: Uma história desde a experiência de seus bailarinos, 1954-1976ResumoNo artigo analisa-se o processo de institucionalização universitária da dança disciplinar em Valdivia em meados do século XX. O objetivo é demonstrar que seu desenvolvimento surgiu devido à preocupação pela abertura da cultura à sociedade civil, entendida como aqueles elementos educativos e artísticos de interesse para o Estado chileno, os agentes privados e as prefeituras. O processo de institucionalização da dança corresponde a um período de transformações ao redor da compreensão da necessidade de integrar na academia valdiviana a arte cénica, o que não esteve alheio aos problemas relacionados com financiamento universitário, desastres naturais e interesse por parte das autoridades de manter a área. As fontes utilizadas correspondem a relatos orais de três destacadas bailarinas ligadas ao campo da dança em Valdivia, testemunhos de caráter principal que encarnam as influências de escolas, correntes e estéticas; documentos ligados à historia da Faculdade de Belas-Artes, extraídos do Arquivo da Secretaria Geral da Universidade Austral do Chile, arquivos pessoais e recortes da imprensa pertencentes ao jornal O Correio de Valdivia.Palavras-chave: dança disciplinar, institucionalização, Faculdade de Belas-Artes, Universidade Austral do Chile

scholarly journals El discurso del civismo en Pereira o la "sacralidad" de lo público durante el siglo XX

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Jaime Correa Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Local History ◽  
Civic Discourse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rotary Club ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City

La referencia constante al civismo es uno de los rasgos más distintivos de la historia urbana de Pereira. Al igual que en muchas ciudades colombianas, la ideología del civismo asume la necesidad de establecer una especie de simbiosis entre la ciudad, sus espacios públicos y sus ciudadanos, tanto en lo material como en lo espiritual. En el caso de Pereira se busca identificar los aspectos más relevantes del discurso cívico que desarrollaron entidades como la Sociedad de Mejoras y el Club Rotario a través de diferentes medios escritos, poniendo especial énfasis en los valores morales que debían exhibir los ciudadanos cívicos o los "ciudadanos de bien" de la ciudad, en el proceso de transformación y modernización vivido a lo largo del siglo XX.Palabras clave: discurso, civismo, prensa, clubes y sociedades, historia local, siglo XX.The discourse of civism in Pereira, or The “sacredness” of public matters during the 20th century AbstractThe constant reference to civism is one of the most distinct characteristics of the urban history of Pereira. Similar to many Colombian cities, the ideology of civism assumes that there is a need to establish a kind of symbiosis between the city, its public spaces, and its citizens, in material as well as spiritual matters. In the case of Pereira, the author seeks to identify the most relevant aspects of the civic discourse which developed entities like the Improvement Society and the Rotary Club, through different written means, putting special emphasis on the moral values which the civic citizens (or ciudadanos de bien) must have exhibited in the process of transformation and modernization experienced throughout the 20th century. Keywords: discourse, civism, press, clubs and societies, local history, twentieth century.

The Qing Empire's Last Flowering: The expansion of China's Post Office at the turn of the twentieth century

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-930
Author(s):  
WEIPIN TSAI
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
General Public ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Postal Service ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Opium War ◽  
Great Rivers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe Great Qing Imperial Post Office was set up in 1896, soon after the First Sino-Japanese War. It provided the first national postal service for the general public in the whole of Chinese history, and was a symbol of China's increasing engagement with the rest of the globe. Much of the preparation for the launch was carried out by the high-ranking foreign staff of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, an influential institution established after the first Opium War.With a mission to promote modernization and project Qing power, the Imperial Post Office was established with a centrally controlled set of unified methods and procedures, and its success was rooted in integration with the new railway network, a strategy at the heart of its ambitious plans for expansion. This article explores the history of this postal expansion through railways, the use of which allowed its creators to plan networks in an integrated way—from urban centres on the coasts and great rivers through to China's interior.

State Musical Populisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-138
Author(s):  
Pablo Palomino
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative History ◽  
Cultural Activism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Masses

This chapter shows the emergence of a regional sense of Latin America as part of the musical pedagogy of the nationalist states at the peak of the state-building efforts to organize, through a variety of instruments of cultural activism, what at the time were called “the masses.” It analyzes particularly the cases of Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina—the three largest countries of the time in population and economic development—from the 1910s through the 1950s. It proposes a comparative history of Latin American musical populisms, focusing in particular on policies of music education, broadcasting, censorship, and experiences of state-sponsored collective singing.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. V. Fesko
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of

This chapter introduces the topic of the history of the early modern Reformed doctrine of the covenant of works. It first defines the doctrine and then provides a state of the question through a survey of relevant secondary literature. After the state of the question, the chapter states the book’s main aim, which is to present an overview of the origins, development, and reception of the covenant of works. In contrast to critics of the doctrine, this book stands within another strand of historiography that sees the covenant of works as a legitimate development of ideas present in the early church, middle ages, and Reformation periods. The chapter then lays out the topics of each of following chapters: the Reformation, Robert Rollock, Jacob Arminius, James Ussher, John Cameron and Edward Leigh, The Westminster Standards, the Formula Consensus Helvetica, Thomas Boston, and the Twentieth Century.

scholarly journals Identidad territorial, agro y políticas públicas. Reflexiones históricas sobre las desigualdades regionales en la Argentina hasta mediados del siglo XX

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Noemí María Girbal-Blacha
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
State Action ◽  
Identidad Nacional ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Siglo Xx

Este estudio histórico se propone abordar -en el escenario de la Argentina Moderna y hasta mediados del siglo XX- las característi-cas de la organización del territorio en tanto parte de la identidad nacional, la acción del Estado y su burocracia técnica, así como el alcance de las políticas públicas agrarias, conceptualmente defi-nidas. El objetivo es dar cuenta de los desequilibrios regionales, en un país que concentra alrededor de las tres cuartas partes de su población, su infraestructura y su producción agraria y agroin-dustrial en una cuarta parte del territorio. Una situación que logra trascender los cambios políticos y gubernamentales ocurridos. Conocer sus causas y consecuencias es parte del desafío que se emprende en estas páginas. This historical research intends to tackle – in Modern Argentina and until the mid-twentieth century - the characteristics of the territorial organization as part of the national identity, the State action and its technical bureaucracy together with the scope of the agrarian public policies, conceptually identified. The aim is to show the regional inequalities in a country that concentrates about three-quarters of its population, its infrastructure and its agrarian production and agro-industrial in one quarter of the territory. A situtation that moves beyond political and governmental changes. One of the challenges of these pages is to know the causes and consequences.

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