Some ecological aspects of free-living Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Cooley, 1946 (Acari: Ixodidae) in Panama

ABSTRACTObjective. To describe the seasonal variation and perform a comparative analysis on habitat preference of Haemaphysalis juxtakochi in Panama. Materials and methods. Ticks were collected from the vegetation, using a white cloth, between January 2009 and March 2010, in four site located in Summit Municipal Park (SMP), two in wooded area (WA) and two in grasslands (GR).The ticks were determined as larvae, nymphs and adults of H. juxtakochi. The number of ticks collected in each area was employed to describe the seasonal distribution of both immature and adult stages, and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Results. A total of 2.338 ticks in WA and 560 ticks in GR were collected. The major peak of adults from May to July, nymphs peaked from January to April and the peak of larvae abundance from December and January. There was a significant difference in the number of ticks collected in the two areas for each tick stage (larvae, mean number (MN) in WA 120.14, MN in GR 57.07, P: 0.02; nymphs, MN in WA 46.42, MN in GR 16.38, P: 0.018; adults, MN in WA 6.64, MN in GR 1.78, P: 0.02). Conclusions. The results suggest that H. juxtakochi maintains a one-year cycle in the study areas. This cycle would be characterized by the immature population peaks in the dry season; while adults are distributed throughout year, with a peak in the transition from the rainy and dry. Moreover, H. juxtakochi was more abundant in forests than in grasslands, which could lead to a better adaptation to forested conditions.

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Respon Pupuk Organik Ampas Tahu dengan Bioaktivator Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ipomoea reptans

Bioeksperimen Jurnal Penelitian Biologi ◽

10.23917/bioeksperimen.v4i2.6879 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Fitri Sunarsih ◽

Yetty Hastiana ◽

Aseptianova Aseptianova

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Leaf Width ◽

Test Results ◽

Macro Elements ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

One Year

Pupuk organik ampas tahu dengan bioaktivator mol tape singkong mengandung unsur makro yang berpotensi terhadap pertumbuhan kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan unsur makro pupuk organik ampas tahu dengan bioaktivator mol tape singkong pada konsentrasi yangr berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans). Penelitian di dilaksanakan di kebun biologi,uji hara pupuk organik dan tanah di laboratorium Baristand, metode Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan terdapat kandungan unsur makro pupuk organik ampas tahu pada Nitrogen terdapat 0,09 %, posfor (sbg P2O5) terdapat 0,62% dan Kalium (sbg K2O) 1,82 %. Dari hasil analisis sidik ragam terhadap tinggi tanam F-hitung perlakuan 2,769 lebih kecil dibanding F tabel 0,05 (3,29) dan F tabel 0,01 (5,42),jumlah daun F-hitung perlakuan 6,284 lebih besar dibanding F tabel 0,05 (3,29) dan F tabel 0,01 (5,42), lebar daun F-hitung perlakuan 17,40 lebih besar dibanding F tabel 0,05 (3,29) dan F tabel 0,01 (5,42), dan pada panjang daun F-hitung perlakuan 6,935 lebih besar dibanding F tabel 0,05 (3,29) dan F tabel 0,01 (5,42). Pemberian pupuk organik ampas tahu dengan bioaktivator sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans) Growth is a process increase the size, shape or volume. kale (Ipomea reptans L.) is a plant that lived and can grow more than one year. characteristic of kale is elliptic, has spacious, containing water (herbaceous) and potholes. the purpose of this studyto determine the content of macro elements in organic fertilizers made from tofu and fermented cassava bio-activator mole on the growth of land kale (Ipomoea reptans, L). This study carried out on the garden in the UMP and test biological nutrientorganic fertilizers and performed in the Baristand’s laboratory. This research using randomized block design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 6 rans. the results of this study shows that it contains macro elements (CME) in soil and organic fertilizer pulpout with a bio-activator mol cassava with different concentrations, and test results significant difference (LSD) at treatment P0, P1, P2, and P3 showed highly significant the height, number of leaves, leaf width and length of the leaves on the plant kale land (Ipomoea reptans L).

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Monthly and seasonal variations in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-200030 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Junhui Jeong ◽

Tae Seong Eo ◽

Jangwon Oh ◽

Hyang Ae Shin ◽

Hyo Jin Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽

Seasonal Distribution ◽

Male And Female ◽

Positional Vertigo ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

BACKGROUND: Several studies on seasonal variation in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) have been reported. However, the association between season and BPPV remains controversial; thus, further study is required. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed patients with BPPV to evaluate monthly and seasonal variations. METHODS: Patients with BPPV seen between 2013 and 2017 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Differences among the months and seasons of BPPV visits were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to age (65 years or older and younger than 65 years) and sex, respectively, and the differences were analyzed in each group. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the monthly or seasonal distribution of BPPV in the 1,216 patients. There was also no significant difference in the monthly or seasonal distribution in the older and younger groups or in male and female patients. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the monthly or seasonal distribution of patients with BPPV. Additional studies on seasonal variation in BPPV are required in terms of not only vitamin D levels but also other associated factors.

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Biomechanical Properties of Ethylene Oxide Sterilized and Cryopreserved Cortical Bone Allografts

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1633040 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 25-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. van Bree ◽

D. Mattheeuws ◽

M. Tshamala

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Test Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Loading Test ◽

Bone Allografts ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Strength In Compression ◽

One Year

SummaryTo evaluate changes during preservation, 76 femoral segments of cortical bone of dogs were tested biomechanically in order to determine their strength in compression, in bending and in torsion. These bones were wrapped in plastic-paper and they were sterilized with ethylene oxide 12%, at 30° C and 1.4 bars and preserved thereafter at 舑20° C. According to the applied loading test, three treatment groups were devised; each treatment group was subdivided into five groups: one control (fresh specimen) and four test-groups differing from each other by the preservation time; i.e. 3, 6, 9 or 12 months. Statistical analysis has demonstrated that there is not a significant difference between the test results for each test-group and its control. The conclusion of this study was that bones, treated as described above, can be stored up to one year without risks to significantly reduce their strength in compression, in bending and in torsion.To evaluate changes during preservation, femoral segments of cortical bone of dogs were tested biomechanically in order to evaluate their resistance in compression, in bending and to twisting moments. These bones were wrapped in plastic-paper and they were sterilized with ethylene oxide 12%, at 30° C and 1.4 bars and preserved thereafter at -20 ° C. Statistical analysis has shown that there was not a significant difference between the test results for each test-group and its control. As a conclusion, bone allografts, treated as described above, can be stored up to one year without risks to reduce significantly, their resistance to compressive, bending and torsional loads.

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PENGETAHUAN HAID PADA REMAJA DI MANADO

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.1.1.2013.1167 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Freddy Kujangke ◽

Rudy A. Lengkong ◽

Eddy Suparman

Keyword(s):

School Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Test Results ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

One Year ◽

And Behavior

Abstract: Backgrounds Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological symptom reported in adolescents. Prevalence estimates vary from 45% to 75%. Absenteeism from work and school as a result of dysmenorrhoea is common (13% to 51% women have been absent at least once and 5% to 14% are often absent owing to the severity of symptoms). Dysmenorrhea association with psychologist and behavior factors and its effects their physical activities and school performance. Some studies had shown that association between school performance with dysmenorrhea.Objective To assess the comparison between school performance with and without dysmenorrhea in pubertal adolescents. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on Juni 2010.The samples were recruited with simple randomization in adolescents aged 10 until 18 years old at school of Musthafawiyah Mandailing Natal districs. All subjects who met the inclusion criteria were assessed their school performance on 2 consecutive semester in one year. In order to assessed the comparison between school performance with or without dysmenorrhea used X2 test. Results One hunderd and sixteen subject were participated in this study. After measured the school performance. No significant different on school performance with and without dysmenorrhea in two group (P=0.176 and P=008, 95%CI -0.05 to 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference school performance between with and without dysmenorrheal. Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, school performance, pubertal adolescent. Abstrak: Latar belakang Nyeri haid merupakan nyeri yang terjadi selama masa menstruasi.Angka kejadian nyeri haid berkisar antara 45% sampai 75% dari seluruh remaja perempuan pubertas. Dimana ketidak hadiran di sekolah berkisar antara 13% sampai 51% serta 5% sampai 14% ketidak hadiran tersebut disebabkan beratnya gejala yang terjadi. Nyeri haid berhubungan dengan faktor perilaku dan psikologis. Selain itu dapat menyebabkan pembatasan aktifitas sekolah dan prestasi akademik. Beberapa studi telah menunjukkan adanya kaitan prestasi akademik dengan nyeri haid. Tujuan Untuk mengetahui perbandingan prestasi akademik dengan dan tanpa nyeri haid pada anak perempuan pubertas. Metode Studi ini merupakan studi cross sectional. Pemilihan sampel secara acak sederhana yang dilakukan pada anak remaja perempuan yang berusia 10 sampai 18 tahun di SMP St Theresia Malalayang dan SMA St Theresia Malalayang Manado yang dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2011. Semua subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dinilai prestasi akademik selama dua semester berturut-turut.Untuk menilai perbandingan prestasi akademik dengan atau tanpa nyeri haid digunakan uji X2. Hasil Seratus enam belas subjek berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Setelah dinilai prestasi akademik. Ditemukan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara prestasi akademik dengan atau tanpa nyeri haid (P 0.176 vs P: 0.08). IK 95%:-0.05; 0.05. Simpulan: Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan prestasi akademik dengan dan tanpa nyeri haid. Kata kunci: Nyeri haid, prestasi akademik, perempuan pubertas

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Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation: One-year Results and Comparison of two Different Laser Settings in Severe Glaucoma

10.21203/rs.3.rs-526291/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesca Chemello ◽

Guido Barosco ◽

Anna Rodella ◽

Piero Ceruti ◽

Roberta Morbio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Cystoid Macular Oedema ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Topical Medication ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year ◽

Topical Medications

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-CPC) as a therapeutic option for severe glaucoma and to compare two different durations of treatment.Methods: Retrospective observational study of 40 eyes of 40 patients affected by different types of glaucoma treated with micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation at 2000 mW for a duration of either 90 seconds per hemisphere (20 patients) or 80 seconds per hemisphere (20 patients) at 31.3% duty cycle. As main outcomes were evaluated postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and topical drugs reduction. Complications of the treatment and a comparative analysis of 2 different durations as secondary outcomes.Results: MP-CPC was successful in 26 patients (65%) and achieved a significant IOP reduction of 34.4% (p<0.001) after 12 months. The mean number of topical antiglaucoma medications has not statistically decreased from baseline (3.4 ± 1.0) to 12 months (3.2 ± 0.8). One case of IOP spike (>35 mmHg) and 1 case of cystoid macular oedema were the only complications detected. The comparison between the 90 seconds per hemisphere and the 80 seconds per hemisphere group did not show any statistically significant difference in IOP reduction, topical medication burden and incidence of complications.Conclusion: MP-CPC demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment in lowering the IOP. Glaucoma topical medications did not significantly reduce. From our comparative analysis reducing the duration of treatment seems not to affect the outcomes.

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Variability of some morphological traits of one-year old red oak, black walnut, birch and wild pear seedlings in the nurseries of Jastrebac region

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf0286147k ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 147-160

Author(s):

Milun Krstic ◽

Nevena Vojinovic

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Root Length ◽

Black Walnut ◽

Red Oak ◽

Root Collar Diameter ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

One Year ◽

Root Collar ◽

Oak Seedlings

Five morphological and quantitative characteristics of one-year old seedlings of Red oak (Quercus rubra L), Black walnut (Juglans nigra L), Wild pear (Pyrus pygrowser Borkh) and Birch (Betula verrucosa Ehrh) were studied. The seedlings were produced and cultivated in the controlled conditions of the nursery in the region of Jastrebac, by the classical method. Aboveground seedling height, root collar diameter, root length, number of secondary roots and the leaf assimilation area were analysed. Intraspecific and interspecific variability of morphological features of the above species were assessed by the comparative analysis and statistical methods The comparative analysis shows the great individual variability of seedlings, which can indicate their genetic potential, adaptation to environment conditions, further spontaneous selection and the development in natural conditions. This justifies the need of the quality assessment and the first selection already in the nursery, in order to ensure the quality planting material and to reduce the risk of afforestation failure One-year old birch seedlings have the lowest average height (18.8 cm). Black walnut and Wild pear seedlings are approximately twice as high, and Red oak about 2.5 times higher. At the same time Red oak seedlings have for about one-fourth greater height than Black walnut, and for one-third greater height than Wild pear. Wild pear seedlings attain the averagely twice larger root collar diameter than Birch (2.8 cm), Red oak seedlings about 2.5 times larger diameter, and Black walnut 3.5 times larger diameter. Black walnut has a larger root collar diameter than Red oak for about one third, and almost twice larger than Wild pear. Birch, Red oak and Wild pear have almost twice longer root (1.8-1.9 times), Black walnut about 2.25 times longer. The total assimilation area of a Birch seedling is averagely 89.0 cm2. Compared to birch, wild pear has approximately double assimilation area per tree, Red oak 10 times larger, Black walnut even 14 times larger assimilation area The analysis of variance shows that the experiment is homogeneous in general, i.e. that variance within the group of the same species per all characteristics is not statistically significant at the level p>0.01. The statistically significant difference was found in the attained heights of one-year old seedlings of Red oak and Birch, as well as between them and other species, while there is no difference between Black walnut and Wild pear. All analysed species differ significantly in root collar diameter of one-year old seedlings. Black walnut and Birch differ significantly in root length, and also compared to other species. There are no statistically significant differences in root length between Red oak and Wild pear. All the analysed species differ statistically significantly per total assimilation area of one seedling .

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Risk of venous thromboembolism following surgical treatment of superficial venous incompetence

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000656 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 484-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tom Barker ◽

Felicity Evison ◽

Ruth Benson ◽

Alok Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Varicose Vein ◽

Lower Incidence ◽

Varicose Veins ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Foam Sclerotherapy ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Squared ◽

One Year

Abstract. Background: The invasive management of varicose veins has a known risk of post-operative deep venous thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate absolute and relative risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following commonly used varicose vein procedures. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of secondary data using Hospital Episode Statistics database was performed for all varicose vein procedures performed between 2003 and 2013 and all readmissions for VTE in the same patients within 30 days, 90 days, and one year. Comparison of the incidence of VTEs between procedures was performed using a Pearson’s Chi-squared test. Results: In total, 261,169 varicose vein procedures were performed during the period studied. There were 686 VTEs recorded at 30 days (0.26 % incidence), 884 at 90 days (0.34 % incidence), and 1,246 at one year (0.48 % incidence). The VTE incidence for different procedures was between 0.15–0.35 % at 30 days, 0.26–0.50 % at 90 days, and 0.46–0.58 % at one year. At 30 days there was a significantly lower incidence of VTEs for foam sclerotherapy compared to other procedures (p = 0.01). There was no difference in VTE incidence between procedures at 90 days (p = 0.13) or one year (p = 0.16). Conclusions: Patients undergoing varicose vein procedures have a small but appreciable increased risk of VTE compared to the general population, with the effect persisting at one year. Foam sclerotherapy had a lower incidence of VTE compared to other procedures at 30 days, but this effect did not persist at 90 days or at one year. There was no other significant difference in the incidence of VTE between open, endovenous, and foam sclerotherapy treatments.

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Levels of Prothrombin Fragment F1+2 in Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia and a History of Venous Thromboembolism

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1665405 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 78 (05) ◽

pp. 1327-1331 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Paul A Kyrle ◽

Andreas Stümpflen ◽

Mirko Hirschl ◽

Christine Bialonczyk ◽

Kurt Herkner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Thrombin Generation ◽

Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Control Group ◽

Prothrombin Fragment ◽

Hemostatic System ◽

Significant Difference ◽

System Activation ◽

One Year

SummaryIncreased thrombin generation occurs in many individuals with inherited defects in the antithrombin or protein C anticoagulant pathways and is also seen in patients with thrombosis without a defined clotting abnormality. Hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HC) is an important risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We prospectively followed 48 patients with H-HC (median age 62 years, range 26-83; 18 males) and 183 patients (median age 50 years, range 18-85; 83 males) without H-HC for a period of up to one year. Prothrombin fragment Fl+2 (Fl+2) was determined in the patient’s plasma as a measure of thrombin generation during and at several time points after discontinuation of secondary thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants. While on anticoagulants, patients with H-HC had significantly higher Fl+2 levels than patients without H-HC (mean 0.52 ± 0.49 nmol/1, median 0.4, range 0.2-2.8, versus 0.36 ± 0.2 nmol/1, median 0.3, range 0.1-2.1; p = 0.02). Three weeks and 3,6,9 and 12 months after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants, up to 20% of the patients with H-HC and 5 to 6% without H-HC had higher Fl+2 levels than a corresponding age- and sex-matched control group. 16% of the patients with H-HC and 4% of the patients without H-HC had either Fl+2 levels above the upper limit of normal controls at least at 2 occasions or (an) elevated Fl+2 level(s) followed by recurrent VTE. No statistical significant difference in the Fl+2 levels was seen between patients with and without H-HC. We conclude that a permanent hemostatic system activation is detectable in a proportion of patients with H-HC after discontinuation of oral anticoagulant therapy following VTE. Furthermore, secondary thromboprophylaxis with conventional doses of oral anticoagulants may not be sufficient to suppress hemostatic system activation in patients with H-HC.

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Perbedaan sensitivitas tetes telinga antibiotik terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa pada otitis media supuratif kronik

Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana ◽

10.32637/orli.v42i2.22 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Anton Budhi Darmawan ◽

Dwi Utami Anjarwati

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Test Results ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cochran Test ◽

Post Hoc

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one infectious disease of the middle ear, most commonly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A high number of patients come to the ENT outpatient clinic with active benign type of CSOM. The bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of producing biofilm which protects itself from penetration of antibiotics, and therefore creates resistance towards antibiotics and difficult to eradicate. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity levels of chloramphenicol, polymyxin-neomycin, cyprofloxacin and ofloxacine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with active benign type CSOM in ENT clinic. Method: The method used was across sectional study on 25 patients, from August 2010 until December 2010. Samples were taken withear swab and then put on sensitivity test to chloramphenicol, polymyxin-neomycin, cyprofloxacin andofloxacine using the diffusion disc method. The analysis used in this study was Cochran test. Results: Results showed a significant difference in sensitivity among chloramphenicol (38,70%), polymyxinneomycin(83,87%),cyprofloxacin(90,32%)andofloxacin(58,06%)withp=0,000(p<0,05).PostHocanalysisusing the Mc Nemar indicated that there were significant differences in sensitivity betweenpolymyxin-neomycin to chloramphenicol with p=0,000 (p<0,05), ciprofloxacin to chloramphenicol andciprofloxacin to ofloxacine with p= 0,002, but there were no significant differences between cyprofloxacinto polymyxin-neomycin with p=0,687, polymyxin-neomycin to ofloxacin p=0.057 and ofloxacin tochloramphenicol p=0,109. There were significant differences in antibiotic ear dropssensitivity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with active benign type of CSOM. Cyprofloxacin andpolymyxin-neomycin were more sensitive than ofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, active benign type of chronic suppurative otitis media, antibioticear drops. Abstrak : Latar belakang: Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) merupakan penyakit infeksi kronik telinga tengah yang sering dijumpai di klinik THT. Penyebab tersering OMSK adalah bakteri Pseudomonasaeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa mempunyai kemampuan untuk membentuk biofilm yangmelindunginya dari penetrasi antibiotik sehingga menimbulkan resistensi terhadap antibiotik dan sulituntuk eradikasinya. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbandingan tingkat sensitivitas kloramfenikol,polimiksin-neomisin, ciprofloksasin dan ofloksasin terhadap isolat Pseudomonas aeruginosa padapasien OMSK benigna aktif di klinik THT RSMS. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah crosssectional terhadap 29 pasien OMSK di klinik THT RSMS periode bulan Agustus 2010 - Desember2010. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan swab telinga. Uji sensitivitas terhadap kloramfenikol,polimiksin-neomisin, ciprofloksasin dan ofloksasin dilakukan dengan metode cakram secara difusi.Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Cochran dan analisis post hoc. Hasil: Didapatkansensitivitas kloramfenikol sebesar 38,70%, polimiksin-neomisin sebesar 83,87%, ciprofloksasin sebesar90,32% dan ofloksasin sebesar 58,06% dengan p=0,01 (P<0,05), yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaansensitivitas yang bermakna antara kloramfenikol, polimiksin-neomisin, ciprofloksasin dan ofloksasinterhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Analisis post hoc menggunakan Mc Nemar menunjukkan bahwaterdapat perbedaan sensitivitas yang bermakna antara tetes telinga polimiksin-neomisin terhadapkloramfenikol, dan ciprofloksasin terhadap kloramfenikol p=0,000 (p<0,05), serta terdapat perbedaanyang bermakna antara tetes telinga ciprofloksasin terhadap ofloksasin, p=0,002, tetapi tidak terdapatperbedaan yang bermakna antara ciprofloksasin terhadap polimiksin-neomisin, p=0,687, polimiksinneomisinterhadap ofloksasin p=0,057, dan kloramfenikol terhadap ofloksasin p=0,109. Kesimpulan:Terdapat perbedaan sensitivitas yang bermakna tetes telinga antibiotik terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa pada pasien OMSK benigna aktif. Ciprofloksasin dan polimiksin-neomisin tetes telinga mempunyai sensitivitas yang lebih baik dibanding ofloksasin dan kloramfenikol. Kata kunci: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, otitis media supuratif kronik, tetes telinga antibiotik

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Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping data

Journal of Agrobiology ◽

10.2478/s10146-009-0011-2 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin Šlachta ◽

Jan Frelich ◽

Tomáš Tonka

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Spatial Variation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seasonal Distribution ◽

The Other ◽

Pitfall Trapping ◽

Other Hand ◽

Nested Anova ◽

Species Groups ◽

Dung Decomposition

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping dataAn analysis of data on the dry weight biomass of coprophagous beetles in standardized dung (4.5 l) was conducted in order to characterize the spatial and the seasonal distribution of the beetles' biomass in cattle pastures and to elucidate their function in dung decomposition. Nested Anova with factors of farm, site (nested in farm), seasonal period and year was used to evaluate the effect of these factors on the biomass of four functional species groups: the dung dwellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyAphodiinae), the dung dwellers ofHydrophilidae, the small tunnellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyCoprinae) and the large tunnellers ofGeotrupidae. The spatial variation of biomass (between the sites and the farms) was insignificant (P>0.05) in the two dung-dweller groups and in the large-tunnellers group. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) seasonal variation of biomass was found in all but the large tunneller group. In dung dwellers, the spring biomass was formed mainly by two species,Aphodius prodromusandA. sphacelatus. In summer, most of the biomass was accounted for bySphaeridium lunatum, S. scarabaeoidesandA. rufipes. In the two tunneller groups,Onthophagus fracticornis, Geotrupes stercorariusandG. spinigerformed a majority of the biomass in dung.

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