Growth and Instability in Pulses : A Spatiotemporal Analysis in Eastern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
NASIM M. AHMAD ◽  
D. K. SINHA ◽  
K. M. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Wide Gap

Pulses are not only vital ingredient of human diet but they are equally important to the health of humans and agricultural soils as well. The study revealed that the share of area and production of pulses in total food grains production has gone up. The area under total pulses in TE-2003 was worked out to be 7.52% of the total area under food grains in the region, which became almost, double, i.e. 14.48% in TE-2016.Production of pulses went up from 2.99% in TE-2003 to 6.22% in TE- 2016 and productivity of pulses has also improved (635.01 Kg/ha to 910.68 Kg/ha) during study period. The Compound growth rates of area and production were found positive in all the states. Though there is a wide gap between consumption and production, on account of low productivity of pulses, they are not able to compete with profitability of cereal crops, thus resulting in decreased area.

scholarly journals Trend and Instability in Area, Production and Productivity of Food Grains in Haryana Vis-A-Vis India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nisha . ◽  
Baishali . ◽  
Mohit Nain ◽  
D. R. Aneja ◽  
Sanjeev .
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Negative Trend ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Instability Indices

The Presented study is an attempt to examine the trend and instability in area, production and productivity of food grain crops in Haryana and India during period 1966-67 to 2012-13 and five sub periods i.e. P-I (1966-67 to 1975-76), P-II (1976-77 to 1985-86), P-III (1986-87 to 1995-96), P-IV (1996-97 to 2005-06) and  P-V (2006-07 to 2012-13). The study is based on secondary data. The study reveals positive trends in area, production and yield of food grains for both Haryana and India. Production in Haryana and India increased mainly due to increase in yield. Similar results have been obtained on triennium bases. In Haryana, area, production and yield have shown positive growth rates in all the periods and the overall period except for area in Period-III, IV and V. In the case of India positive growth rates has obtained for production and yield of food grains while area has shown negative trend in Periods III, IV, V and entire period under study. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) in respect of the three components i.e. area, production and productivity of total food grains found to be higher in Haryana as compared to India in all the periods and the overall period except for yield in period-III, yield and production in period-IV and yield in Period-V. Similar results have been obtained for the instability indices.

scholarly journals The Causal Connection between CO2 Emissions and Agricultural Productivity in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence from an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds Testing Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Ilhan Ozturk ◽  
Deyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Seed Distribution

The rapid agricultural development and mechanization of agronomic diligence has led to a significant growth in energy consumption and CO2 emission. Agriculture has a dominant contribution to boosting the economy of any country. In this paper, we demonstrate carbon dioxide emissions’ association with cropped area, energy use, fertilizer offtake, gross domestic product per capita, improved seed distribution, total food grains and water availability in Pakistan for the period of 1987-2017. We employed Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron unit root tests to examine the variables’ stationarity. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing technique to cointegration was applied to demonstrate the causality linkage among study variables from the evidence of long-run and short-run analyses. The long-run evidence reveals that cropped area, energy usage, fertilizer offtake, gross domestic product per capita and water availability have a positive and significant association with carbon dioxide emissions, while the analysis results of improved seed distribution and total food grains have a negative association with carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan. Overall, the long-run effects are stronger than the short-run dynamics, in terms of the impact of explanatory variables on carbon dioxide emission, thus making the findings heterogeneous. Possible initiatives should be taken by the government of Pakistan to improve the agriculture sector and also introduce new policies to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of three isolates of Trichoderma harzianum isolated from agricultural soils in Argentina, and their abilities to detoxify in vitro metsulfuron methyl

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Belén Vázquez ◽  
Viviana Barrera ◽  
Virginia Bianchinotti
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicide ◽  
Metsulfuron Methyl ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Metsulfuron methyl (MM) is a sulfonylurea herbicide used worldwide for the control of weeds in cereal crops. In a previous study, three Trichoderma strains (T5, T6, and T7) capable of using MM as a sole carbon and energy source were isolated. In this study, the three strains were identified as Trichoderma harzianum using genetic markers, and the transformation of MM by the T. harzianum strains was quantified using spectrophotometry. Solutions of different phytotoxic doses of MM were incubated with plugs of mycelia of the Trichoderma strains and the resulting mixtures were used to assess MM detoxification. The toxicity of the degradation products was tested with a bioassay using pre-germinated seeds of Lens culinaris Medik. and mycelia. Strain T7 was more efficient in transforming MM at higher concentrations than the T5 and T6 strains. In the bioassay, T5 showed the best performance at higher MM doses. We conclude that both T5 and T7 strains are promising for further studies regarding treatment or amelioration of MM contaminated soils.

HEAVY METALS IN CULTIVATED SOILS AND IN CEREAL CROPS IN ALBERTA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. DUDAS ◽  
S. PAWLUK
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Cereal Grain

The content of cadmium, cobalt, copper, mercury, manganese, nickel, strontium, lead and zinc in several agricultural soils in Alberta was investigated. The abundances of these heavy metals were found to be low and represent levels naturally present in uncontaminated soils. Both pedogenesis and nature of parent material influenced the levels of heavy metals in surface soil horizons. On a local scale, drainage and groundwater effects contributed significantly to heavy metal redistribution in soil. Levels of heavy metals were also determined in seeds and straw of cereal grain crops grown on the soils of this study. Vegetative samples generally contained low amounts of heavy metals and for some of the physiologically essential elements (Cu, Mn, Zn), amounts in the plant material were at or near deficiency levels. Amounts of cadmium, mercury and lead were generally significantly higher in straw than in respective seed samples.

Groping the Shriving of Cultivable Land in India

Think India ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Versha Mohindra
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Cultivable Land ◽  
Normal Rainfall

Agriculture in India is a combination of traditional and modern farming techniques. Although main occupation of Indian is agriculture, in spite of this, agriculture growth rate is very low, thats why the present study is mainly concerned with analyzing the temporal growth of agriculture production of food grains with the help of various statistical techniques. The study has considered period from 2000-01 to 2014-15. The present study is based upon secondary data. In the last many years, there is an upward and downward fluctuation in all the food grains crops under area under cultivation. Cultivable land in India continues to shrivel. The decline is mainly ascribed to distraction of cultivable land for non-agricultural purposes, including construction, industries, and other development activities. Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has expressed his concerns over shrinking of land resources because of the fragmentation of land. He further said that the Kisan Channel should act as an open university for farmers in terms of guidance and proper knowledge for better agricultural techniques. It is suggested that technological and institutional support for all the crops should be there. Along with diversification of agricultural activities, an imperative factor for enhancing agricultural production and productivity in India is to be considered. Further, better irrigation facilities, normal rainfall, and improved fertilizer consumption will help a lot to enlarge the total food-grains in the country.

Food Security Status of Assam: A Districts Level Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJOY BORTHAKUR ◽  
Manoj Kumar Singh ◽  
MRIDUSMITA BORTHAKUR
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Deficit ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Normative Requirement ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Level Analysis

Food security is the foremost important issue of a state or a country. The development of a country or a state is highly dependent on it.Food unsecured population cannot think for other issues of their life. In the state of Assam, just after independence the state had enough food for the population, which gradually decreased until 1981-83. But, after 1981-83, the per capita availability of food grains had increased gradually due to use of modern practices of cultivation viz., high yielding varieties, fertilizers, etc. which led to increase in production. Nevertheless, this increase could not surpass the normative requirement of total food grains. Thus, although per capita availability of total cereals was marginally higher than the normative requirement, the state remains food deficit state since 1961-63 to 2000-02. Almost similar trend of change in per capita availability of food grains was observed in all the districts of the state with a few exceptions. Per capita availability of pulses as well as oilseeds was found to be very low, which was far below the normative requirement and in most of the cases revealed a declining trend.

scholarly journals The Performance of Area, Production and Productivity of Pulses in Andhra Pradesh (With Reference to 13 Districts of Andhra Pradesh)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Srinivasa Rao Pasala ◽  
Mahesh Rudra
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Basic Source ◽  
National Food Security

<div><p><em>Former Prime Minister Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri had given slogan of “ Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan”, Now the  Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi call to farmers to fill the granaries of nation, the farmers left no stone unturned to live up to his aspirations. He appeal each and every farmer , if they have five acre field, then use at least one acre land for cultivation of pulses and legumes so that India need not import it and  pulses, which are basic source of protein are available to the poor at affordable price. In Andhra Pradesh </em><em>(13 districts)</em><em> the area under pulses is 13, 73,544 hectares in 2010-11 which accounted for 23.62 per cent in total food crops area, whereas the same in 2014-15 is 10,42,300 hectares which accounted for 20.03 per cent of total food crops area. Under the National Food Security Mission </em><em>(NFSM) pulses being implemented in all the 13 districts of the state. An amount of Rs. 2378.04 lakhs was spent under NFSM- pulses up to 15-11-2015. </em><em>An intensive analysis of data, the compound annual growth rates are very meager for area, production and productivity of pulses in Andhra Pradesh. The area, production and productivity growth rates of pulses are 0.0039, 0.026 and 0.022 respectively. The change in the growth rate of area was completely decelerated in all three periods (i.e. original, 3MA and 5MA). The same trend exhibits in production in original series. The main source of pulses growth due to yield. It is the time for the policy makers and government to concentrate on pulses production through spreading it  to irrigated areas.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Wood and bark lignin contents of trees from deciduous forests of eastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debal Deb ◽  
Priyabrata Roy
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Polyphenolic Compound ◽  
Tropical Hardwood ◽  
Hardwood Trees ◽  
Synthetic Resins ◽  
Wide Gap

Abstract Lignin is a polyphenolic compound found in plant tissues, especially wood and bark. The lignin content determines the quality of wood biochar in agroecological uses, and is used in the production of synthetic resins and adhesives. Despite its importance in plant physiology and its agricultural and industrial utility, there exists a wide gap of knowledge of lignin contents of tropical hardwood trees of South Asia, except for a few species. We present here the first estimation of lignin content in wood and bark of 48 species from tropical deciduous forests of India. We show that some species are characterized by greater wood lignin (WL) compared with bark lignin (BL) content, contrary to the generalization held for hardwood trees, and suggest a plausible correspondence between the WL to BL ratio and timber quality.

scholarly journals The 10,000-Year Success Story of Wheat!

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2124
Author(s):  
Telma de Sousa ◽  
Miguel Ribeiro ◽  
Carolina Sabença ◽  
Gilberto Igrejas
Keyword(s):  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
The World ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf

Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world as it is used in the production of a diverse range of traditional and modern processed foods. The ancient varieties einkorn, emmer, and spelt not only played an important role as a source of food but became the ancestors of the modern varieties currently grown worldwide. Hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and tetraploid wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) now account for around 95% and 5% of the world production, respectively. The success of this cereal is inextricably associated with the capacity of its grain proteins, the gluten, to form a viscoelastic dough that allows the transformation of wheat flour into a wide variety of staple forms of food in the human diet. This review aims to give a holistic view of the temporal and proteogenomic evolution of wheat from its domestication to the massively produced high-yield crop of our day.

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