Risk factors contributing in increased susceptibility and severity of COVID 19 infection during pregnancy. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
IMAD Eddin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

BACKGROUND The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread globally and pregnant women are considerably prone to COVID 19 infection with increased maternal and perinatal complications. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the risk factors that contribute in susceptibility and severity of COVID 19 infection among pregnant women. METHODS A systematic search of articles relating to COVID 19 infection during pregnancy, was conducted, using PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar engine. RESULTS A total of 168 articles were initially identified. Seventy-seven papers were excluded for failing to address the aim of the study. After screening titles and abstracts, ninety-one full-text articles were retrieved for eligibility analysis. Seventeen studies addressed the susceptibility related to pregnancy, twenty-two studies evaluated the associated comorbidities, nineteen focused on immune system, thirty-five articles concentrated on the risk of coagulopathy and eleven addressed more than one risk factor. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy, associated comorbidities, modulated immune response during pregnancy and risk of coagulopathy are considerable risk factors contributing in COVID 19 pathogenesis among pregnant women and may predict the outcome.

scholarly journals Poor Adherence to the Screening-Based Strategy of Group B Streptococcus Despite Colonization of Pregnant Women in Greece

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Maria Maroudia Berikopoulou ◽  
Aikaterini Pana ◽  
Theodota Liakopoulou-Tsitsipi ◽  
Nikos F. Vlahos ◽  
Vasiliki Papaevangelou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Group B

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious neonatal infections. Maternal GBS colonization is associated with early- and late-onset neonatal disease (EOD/LOD). In Greece, a screening-based strategy is recommended, in which concurrent vaginal-rectal cultures should be obtained between 36 0/7 and 37 6/7 weeks’ gestation. We sought to examine the level of adherence to the GBS screening guidelines and estimate the prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women. Although in Greece the screening-based strategy is followed, we also examined known EOD risk factors and linked them to GBS colonization. A cross-sectional study of 604 women postpartum in three hospitals and maternity clinics was conducted. Following written informed consent, data were collected via a short self-completed questionnaire and review of patients’ records. In 34.6% of the enrolled pregnant women, no culture had been taken. Of the remaining, 12.8% had proper vaginal-rectal sample collections. The overall maternal colonization rate was 9.6%. At least one risk factor for EOD was identified in 12.6% of participants. The presence of risk factors was associated with positive cultures (p = 0.014). The rate of culture collection did not differ between women with or without an EOD risk factor. Adherence to a universal screening of pregnant women with vaginal-rectal cultures was poor. Despite probable underestimation of GBS carrier status, almost 1 in 10 participants were GBS positive during pregnancy. Screening of women with risk factors for EOD should, at least, be prioritized to achieve prevention and prompt intervention of EOD.

scholarly journals Risk factor of severe preeclampsia in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Rahmah Kartika ◽  
Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar ◽  
Pirlina Umiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
History Of

Objectives: to determine which of the risk factors above associated with the occurrence of severe preeclampsia at dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya during 2015.Materials and Methods: The type and design of the study were analytic and retrospective. This study was held in the dr. Soetomo Hospital from April until November 2016. The instrument of the study was the medical records then being coded and analysed. The samples were 134 pregnant women, consisting of 67 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia as cases and 67 pregnant women as controls.Results: Maternal obesity (OR= 5,786; 95% CI: 2,300–14,555), history of hypertension (OR= 6,693; 95% CI: 1,848–24,237) and secondary elderly primi (OR= 6,384; 95% CI: 1,357–30,031) are associated with the development of severe preeclampsia.Conclusion: In conclusion, the significant risk factors of severe preeclampsia in dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya during 2015 are obesity, history of hypertension and secondary elderly primi variables.

Falls in Elderly

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Tânia Patrícia Cabo Relíquias ◽  
Carmen Dolores Roque Agostinho ◽  
Maria do Céu Marques
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Elderly Inpatients ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Falls In Elderly

The objective of this chapter is to identify the risk factors and preponderant causes of falls in the hospital elderly inpatients. A survey on the search engines B-on, EBSCO, and Pubmed, followed by an analysis of the title and abstract is done. Afterwards, the authors analyze all the articles with full text available in Portuguese, Spanish, and English. The most common risk factor for falls in the analyzed articles was being aged above 65 years old. More than half of the articles also mentioned intrinsic factors such as mental disorder, mobility disorder, and use of medication. As for extrinsic factors associated with risk of falls, most of the articles mentioned the characteristics of bed/chair and the obstacles associated with the physical/environmental infrastructures. The prevention strategies for this phenomenon must consider each country and care unit specifically as well as the specific characteristics of its patients, aiming to promote the care quality.

scholarly journals TMJ Osteoarthritis/Osteoarthrosis and Immune System Factors in a Japanese Sample

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Nishioka ◽  
Hideki Ioi ◽  
Ryusuke Matsumoto ◽  
Tazuko K. Goto ◽  
Shunsuke Nakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Japanese Sample ◽  
System Factors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Allergies And Asthma

Abstract Objective: To determine whether there is an association between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis (OA) and immune system factors in a Japanese sample. Materials and Methods: The records of 41 subjects (7 men, aged 22.0 ± 3.8 years; 34 women, aged 24.8 ± 6.3 years) and 41 pair-matched controls (7 men, aged 22.1 ± 2.3 years; 34 women, aged 24.8 ± 6.4 years) based on age and gender were reviewed. Information on medical history included local or systemic diseases, details on medication type and use, and the presence of allergies and asthma. Dental history questions referred to details regarding past oral injuries. The validity of the hypothesis, defining allergies and asthma as risk factors in OA, was tested by using a logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of allergy was significantly higher in the TMJ OA (P = .008), with a mean odds ratio of 4.125 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.446–11.769. Conclusion: These results suggest that allergy may be a risk factor in association with TMJ OA in this Japanese sample.

scholarly journals Risk factors for recent toxoplasma infection in pregnant women in Naples

1996 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Buffolano ◽  
R. E. Gilbert ◽  
F. J. Holland ◽  
D. Fratta ◽  
F. Palumbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Cyst Viability

SUMMARYEffective primary prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis requires up to date information on locally relevant risk factors for infection in pregnant women. In Naples, risk factors for toxoplasma infection were compared in recently infected women (as assessed by detection of specific IgM in serum) and susceptible, IgG negative women. Recent infection was strongly associated with frequency of consumption of cured pork and raw meat. Eating cured pork or raw meat at least once a month increased the risk of toxoplasma infection threefold.This simple study design for determining locally relevant sources of toxoplasma infection is the first report of cured pork as a risk factor for infection. Further research is required to determine cyst viability in cured pork products. Our findings suggest that in southern Italy, cured pork and raw meat should be avoided by susceptible pregnant women.

scholarly journals Respon Imun Pada Penderita Asma Selama Kehamilan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Wiwik Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
Children With Asthma

The immune system of a woman while pregnant it would be more sensitive than usual. Therefore, pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to some diseases, particularly influenza. A new study suggests that women who often experience flu during pregnancy, would be at risk of having children with asthma. In addition, asthma and allergies can also be inheritable. If both parents have allergies, the child has an allergy risk 75 percent. If only one parent with allergies, or if a near of kin has an allergy, the child will have a 30 to 40 percent risk of experiencing various types of allergies. However, if the parents do not have allergies at all, the risk of allergies in children only 10 to 15 percent. This scientific work aimed to determine the immune response in pregnant women with a asthma. This scientific work methods using literature study. Effect of pregnancy on the incidence of asthma attacks in each patient are not the same, even attacks are not common in a first pregnancy and subsequent pregnancies. Usually the attack will arise from the age of 24 weeks to 36 weeks, and will be reduced by the end of pregnancy. Effect of asthma in mother and the fetus is very dependent on the frequency and severity of asthma attacks, because of the mother and the fetus will experience hypoxia. Hypoxia if not addressed would have a detrimental effect on the fetus, such as miscarriage, premature delivery, and fetal weight were not in accordance with gestational age. It is expected the public to give more attention and be aware in patients with asthma, especially in during pregnancy.;Keywords : immune system , pregnant women , asthma

scholarly journals Screening of Hemoglobin A1c in Gestational Diabetes among women attending metabolic clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Vivek Sinha ◽  
Poonam Kachhawa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
P Value ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical condition that complicates pregnancies..Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a diabetic metabolic disorder that occurs in 4% of all pregnant women and 14% of ethnic groups with more prevalence of type II diabetes. It can be defined as increased or abnormal insulin resistance, decreased insulin sensitivity or glucose intolerance with first diagnosis during pregnancy. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic screening value of the HbA1c, prevalence of GDM and associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the metabolic clinic; in the department of Biochemistry located at SIMS, Hapur. A semi-structured pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Following the DIPSI guidelines, patients with plasma glucose values >140 mg/dl were labeled as GDM. Statistical methods used were OR (CI95%), percentage, Chi square. Results: Out of 500, 6.72% had GDM. Among all GDM patients, 64.71% had age more than 30 years, 70.59% had BMI more than 25, 41.18% had gravida more than 3 and p- value was significant with regard to age and BMI. P value was found to be significant for risk factors namely positive family history of Diabetes Mellitus, history of big baby and presence of more than one risk factor. Conclusion: GDM is associated with high BMI, early pregnancy loss, family history of DM and previous history of big baby and there could be more than one risk factor. Thus universal screening followed by close monitoring of the pregnant women for early detection of GDM may help improving maternal and fetal outcomes.

scholarly journals Perinatal risks at the repeated caesarean section and vaginal delivery in women with a uterine scar

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2 (70)) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Kravchenko ◽  
V. A. Varvus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Vaginal Birth ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Uterine Scar ◽  
Perinatal Risks ◽  
In Pregnancy

251 pregnant women were under observation with a uterine scar after previously performed cesarean section. 225 women were operated one more time. 26 women had delivery through natural genital tract (10 % of the pregnant women with a uterine scare). It was established that the delivery occurred physiologically due to the correct assessment of risk factors for vaginal birth in women with a uterine scar. The presence of uterine scar in the lower segment does not significantly affect the nature and duration of labor. An increased fetal weight at vaginal birth in women with a uterine scar to 300g does not increase obstetric and perinatal complications. Thus, the study has shown that an increase of complications such as placentation in the scar and scar failure is high risk of maternal and perinatal pathology in pregnancy with a uterine scar.

scholarly journals Repeated Sepsis in an 83-Year-Old Man With Cancer With Long-Lasting Invasive Treatments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Imanipour ◽  
Nasrin Rasoulzadeh ◽  
Amin Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Inflammatory Immune Response

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection damages its own tissues and organs. Sepsis is caused by an inflammatory immune response triggered by an infection. Its risk factors include aging, weak immune system, major trauma, or burns. Treatment of sepsis is often based on fluid replacement and antibiotic therapy. In this study, an 83-year-old man is reported with two times of diagnosis of sepsis during three years. The first sepsis was due to an infection of the colostomy and the second one followed an infection at tracheostomy site. It seems that the disease and the underlying condition of the patient contribute to the occurrence of sepsis. The patient each time was discharged from the hospital after successful response to the treatment

scholarly journals Gambaran Faktor Risiko pada Wanita Hamil Trimester 3 yang Terkonfirmasi Positif SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia S. Posumah ◽  
Mayer F. Wowor ◽  
Glady I. Rambert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Travel History ◽  
The Third ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are several groups that are susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2, one of which is pregnant women. This can be attributed to changes in the physiology and immune system that occur in pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the most risk factors that cause pregnant women in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou was infected with SARS-CoV-2. This type of research is descriptive with a retrospective approach, using secondary data in the form of data from the patient's medical record status. From 5 patients studied, there were 4 patients with risk factors for hypertension (80%) and 1 patient with close contact risk factors (20%), but other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, travel history in transmission areas, obesity and smoking are not found. In conclusion, from 5 patients studied, the most risk factor that causes pregnant women in the third trimester to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 is hypertension (80%).Keywords: 3rd trimester pregnant women, SARS-CoV-2, risk factor  Abstrak: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Terdapat beberapa kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2, salah satunya wanita hamil. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan perubahan fisiologi dan sistem imunitas tubuh yang terjadi pada wanita hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif, yaitu menggunakan data sekunder berupa data dari status rekam medik pasien. Dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, didapatkan 4 pasien dengan faktor risiko hipertensi (80%) dan 1 pasien dengan faktor risiko kontak erat (20%), namun pada faktor risiko lain seperti diabetes melitus, riwayat perjalanan di daerah transmisi, obesitas dan merokok tidak ditemukan. Sebagai simpulan, dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil trimester 3 terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 adalah hipertensi (80%).Kata Kunci: wanita hamil trimester 3, SARS-CoV-2, faktor risiko

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