scholarly journals Neurocognitive Assessment Tools for Military Personnel with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Literature Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea Jones ◽  
Jessica Harasym ◽  
Antonio Miguel-Cruz ◽  
Shannon Chrisholm ◽  
Lorraine Smith-MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Neurocognitive Assessment ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Military Populations ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments

BACKGROUND Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) occurs at a higher frequency among military personnel than civilians. A common symptom caused by mTBI is cognitive dysfunction. Neuropsychological assessments are used by healthcare professionals as part of a multidisciplinary and best practice approach for mTBI management. Such assessments support clinical diagnosis, symptom management, rehabilitation, and return-to-duty planning. Military healthcare organizations currently use computerized neurocognitive assessment tools (NCATs). NCATs and more traditional “pen and paper” neuropsychological assessments present unique challenges both in clinical and military settings. Many research gaps remain regarding psychometric properties, usability, acceptance, feasibility, effectiveness, sensitivity, and utility of both types of assessments in military environments. OBJECTIVE (1) To explore what evidence exists regarding the use of NCATs among military personnel who have sustained mTBI; (2) evaluate the psychometric properties of the most commonly tested NCATs for this population, and; (3) synthesize the data to explore the range and extent of NCATs among this population, clinical recommendations for use, and knowledge gaps requiring future research. METHODS Studies were identified using MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica dataBASE), APA (American Psychological Association) PsycINFO, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature) Plus with Full Text, Psych Article, Scopus, and Military & Government Collection. Data were analyzed via descriptive analysis, thematic analysis, and the Randolph Criteria. Narrative synthesis and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guided reporting of findings. Criteria proposed by Randolph et al. (2005) were utilized to evaluate the psychometrics of currently utilized NCATs. RESULTS Of 104 articles, 33 studies met the inclusion criteria for this scoping review. Thematic analysis and NCAT psychometrics were reported and summarized. CONCLUSIONS The psychometric properties of the most commonly used NCATs in military populations have yet to demonstrate adequate validity, reliability, sensitivity, and clinical utility among military personnel with mTBI. Additional research is needed to further validate NCATs within military populations, especially for (1) those living outside of the US and (2) individuals experiencing other conditions known to adversely affect cognitive processing. Knowledge gaps remain warranting further study of psychometric properties and the utility of baseline and normative testing for NCATs.

scholarly journals Neurocognitive Assessment Tools for Military Personnel With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Scoping Literature Review

10.2196/26360 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e26360
Author(s):  
Chelsea Jones ◽  
Jessica Harasym ◽  
Antonio Miguel-Cruz ◽  
Shannon Chisholm ◽  
Lorraine Smith-MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Neurocognitive Assessment ◽  
Military Populations ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments

Background Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) occurs at a higher frequency among military personnel than among civilians. A common symptom of mTBIs is cognitive dysfunction. Health care professionals use neuropsychological assessments as part of a multidisciplinary and best practice approach for mTBI management. Such assessments support clinical diagnosis, symptom management, rehabilitation, and return-to-duty planning. Military health care organizations currently use computerized neurocognitive assessment tools (NCATs). NCATs and more traditional neuropsychological assessments present unique challenges in both clinical and military settings. Many research gaps remain regarding psychometric properties, usability, acceptance, feasibility, effectiveness, sensitivity, and utility of both types of assessments in military environments. Objective The aims of this study were to explore evidence regarding the use of NCATs among military personnel who have sustained mTBIs; evaluate the psychometric properties of the most commonly tested NCATs for this population; and synthesize the data to explore the range and extent of NCATs among this population, clinical recommendations for use, and knowledge gaps requiring future research. Methods Studies were identified using MEDLINE, Embase, American Psychological Association PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Psych Article, Scopus, and Military & Government Collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, thematic analysis, and the Randolph Criteria. Narrative synthesis and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guided the reporting of findings. The psychometric properties of NCATs were evaluated with specific criteria and summarized. Results Of the 104 papers, 33 met the inclusion criteria for this scoping review. Thematic analysis and NCAT psychometrics were reported and summarized. Conclusions When considering the psychometric properties of the most commonly used NCATs in military populations, these assessments have yet to demonstrate adequate validity, reliability, sensitivity, and clinical utility among military personnel with mTBIs. Additional research is needed to further validate NCATs within military populations, especially for those living outside of the United States and individuals experiencing other conditions known to adversely affect cognitive processing. Knowledge gaps remain, warranting further study of psychometric properties and the utility of baseline and normative testing for NCATs.

scholarly journals How hospitalized patients evaluate and report their pain together with nurses: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 205715852110134
Author(s):  
Bente Dale Malones ◽  
Sindre Sylte Kallmyr ◽  
Vera Hage ◽  
Trude Fløystad Eines
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
The Relationship

Pain assessment tools are often used by patients to report their pain and by health professionals to assess patients’ reported pain. Although valid and reliable assessment of pain is essential for high-quality clinical care, there are still many patients who experience inappropriate pain management. The aim of this scoping review is to examine an overview of how hospitalized patients evaluate and report their pain in collaboration with nurses. Systematic searches were conducted, and ten research articles were included using the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Content analysis revealed four main themes: 1) the relationship between the patient and nurse is an important factor of how hospitalized patients evaluate and report their post-surgery pain, 2) the patient’s feelings of inconsistency in how pain assessments are administered by nurses, 3) the challenge of hospitalized patients reporting post-surgery pain numerically, and 4) previous experiences and attitudes affect how hospitalized patients report their pain. Pain assessment tools are suitable for nurses to observe and assess pain in patients. Nevertheless, just using pain assessment tools is not sufficient for nurses to obtain a comprehensive clinical picture of each individual patient with pain.

scholarly journals Spanish Transcultural Adaptation of the Activity Card Sort

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cristina Alegre-Muelas ◽  
Jorge Alegre-Ayala ◽  
Elisabet Huertas-Hoyas ◽  
MªRosa Martínez-Piédrola ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Corrales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Transcultural Adaptation ◽  
Select Activity

The Activity Card Sort (ACS) measures the level of participation, as perceived by each person which, unlike other scales, makes it both personal and significant. However, there is a limitation to applying the ACS to Spanish older adults as it is restricted to culturally relevant activities solely in the United States. Therefore, the aim of this study was to select activity items that reflected Spanish older adults’ lifestyles in order to develop the Activity Card Sort-Spain Version (ACS-SP). Frequently, activities performed in Spain (n=103) were listed in an initial draft. The Likert scale was administrated to a large group of Spanish nationals over the age of 60 years (n=98) to establish which type of activities will be eventually included in the Spanish version. The final version was drawn up comprising 79 activities distributed between four performance areas. In addition, other activities that were not previously included by other assessment tools were considered and have been listed in this review, such as taking a nap, going out for a drink or “tapas,” or searching for a job. The gradual adaptation to ACS for Spaniards will make it possible to measure the level of an individual’s participation within a community. However, further work on psychometric properties is needed.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of gross motor assessment tools for children: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e021734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Griffiths ◽  
Rachel Toovey ◽  
Prue E Morgan ◽  
Alicia J Spittle
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Motor Assessment ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

ObjectiveGross motor assessment tools have a critical role in identifying, diagnosing and evaluating motor difficulties in childhood. The objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of gross motor assessment tools for children aged 2–12 years.MethodA systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and AMED was performed between May and July 2017. Methodological quality was assessed with the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments checklist and an outcome measures rating form was used to evaluate reliability, validity and clinical utility of assessment tools.ResultsSeven assessment tools from 37 studies/manuals met the inclusion criteria: Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development-III (Bayley-III), Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2), Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2), McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND), Neurological Sensory Motor Developmental Assessment (NSMDA), Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2) and Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). Methodological quality varied from poor to excellent. Validity and internal consistency varied from fair to excellent (α=0.5–0.99). The Bayley-III, NSMDA and MABC-2 have evidence of predictive validity. Test–retest reliability is excellent in the BOT-2 (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.80–0.99), PDMS-2 (ICC=0.97), MABC-2 (ICC=0.83–0.96) and TGMD-2 (ICC=0.81–0.92). TGMD-2 has the highest inter-rater (ICC=0.88–0.93) and intrarater reliability (ICC=0.92–0.99).ConclusionsThe majority of gross motor assessments for children have good-excellent validity. Test–retest reliability is highest in the BOT-2, MABC-2, PDMS-2 and TGMD-2. The Bayley-III has the best predictive validity at 2 years of age for later motor outcome. None of the assessment tools demonstrate good evaluative validity. Further research on evaluative gross motor assessment tools are urgently needed.

scholarly journals The Russian Aphasia Test: The first comprehensive, quantitative, standardized, and computerized aphasia language battery in Russian

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258946
Author(s):  
Maria V. Ivanova ◽  
Yulia S. Akinina ◽  
Olga A. Soloukhina ◽  
Ekaterina V. Iskra ◽  
Olga V. Buivolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Wide Range

The lack of standardized language assessment tools in Russian impedes clinical work, evidence-based practice, and research in Russian-speaking clinical populations. To address this gap in assessment of neurogenic language disorders, we developed and standardized a new comprehensive assessment instrument–the Russian Aphasia Test (RAT). The principal novelty of the RAT is that each subtest corresponds to a specific level of linguistic processing (phonological, lexical-semantic, syntactic, and discourse) in different domains: auditory comprehension, repetition, and oral production. In designing the test, we took into consideration various (psycho)linguistic factors known to influence language performance, as well as specific properties of Russian. The current paper describes the development of the RAT and reports its psychometric properties. A tablet-based version of the RAT was administered to 85 patients with different types and severity of aphasia and to 106 age-matched neurologically healthy controls. We established cutoff values for each subtest indicating deficit in a given task and cutoff values for aphasia based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis of the composite score. The RAT showed very high sensitivity (> .93) and specificity (> .96), substantiating its validity for determining presence of aphasia. The test’s high construct validity was evidenced by strong correlations between subtests measuring similar linguistic processes. The concurrent validity of the test was also strong as demonstrated by a high correlation with an existing aphasia battery. Overall high internal, inter-rater, and test-retest reliability were obtained. The RAT is the first comprehensive aphasia language battery in Russian with properly established psychometric properties. It is sensitive to a wide range of language deficits in aphasia and can reliably characterize individual profiles of language impairments. Notably, the RAT is the first comprehensive aphasia test in any language to be fully automatized for administration on a tablet, maximizing further standardization of presentation and scoring procedures.

Selected weight management interventions for military populations in the United States: a narrative report

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Murray ◽  
Basil H Aboul-Enein ◽  
Joshua Bernstein ◽  
Joanna Kruk
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Obesity Interventions ◽  
Military Populations ◽  
Narrative Report

Overweight and obesity continues to be a significant public health burden in the US and particularly among military personnel. Although the US Department of Defense mandates standardized physical activity requirements for military members, incidence and prevalence of overweight and obesity among military personnel continue to increase. Each military department controls their own interventional strategies for physical fitness and weight control. However, unique challenges such as geographic transients, lack of central standardization and empirical efficacy data across military departments, and chronic stress associated with military service adversely affect program outcomes. This brief narrative report explores overweight and obesity interventions among military populations from 2006 to 2016 and includes programmatic reviews of eight overweight and obesity interventions: The Prevention of Obesity in Military Community; Health Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle Training Headquarters (H.E.A.L.T.H); ArmyMOVE!; L.I.F.E.; Look AHEAD; Nutrition-focused Wellness Coaching; Go for Green; and LE3AN. A majority of these interventions did not report significant weight loss 6 months post intervention, and did not mention a theoretical foundation within the interventions. Further research to examine the importance of theory-based programming is warranted to improve process and outcome objectives.

scholarly journals LO13: Development of a national, standardized simulation case template

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S11-S11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Baylis ◽  
C. Heyd ◽  
B. Thoma ◽  
A. Hall ◽  
T. Chaplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Nominal Group Technique ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Canadian Medical School ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Em Simulation

Innovation Concept: A major barrier to the development of a national simulation case repository and multi-site simulation research is the lack of a standardized national case template. This issue was recently identified as a priority research topic for Canadian simulation based education (SBE) research in emergency medicine (EM). We partnered with the EM Simulation Education Researchers Collaborative (EM-SERC) to develop a national simulation template. Methods: The EM Sim Cases template was chosen as a starting point for the consensus process. We generated feedback on the template using a three-phase modified nominal group technique. Members of the EM-SERC mailing list were consulted, which included 20 EM simulation educators from every Canadian medical school except Northern Ontario School of Medicine and Memorial University. When comments conflicted, the sentiment with more comments in favour was incorporated. Curriculum, Tool or Material: In phase one we sought free-text feedback on the EM Sim Cases template via email. We received 65 comments from 11 respondents. An inductive thematic analysis identified four major themes (formatting, objectives, debriefing, and assessment tools). In phase two we sought free-text feedback on the revised template via email. A second thematic analysis on 40 comments from 12 respondents identified three broad themes (formatting, objectives, and debriefing). In phase three we sought feedback on the penultimate template via focus groups with simulation educators and technologists at multiple Canadian universities. This phase generated 98 specific comments which were grouped according to the section of the template being discussed and used to develop the final template (posted on emsimcases.com). Conclusion: We describe a national consensus-building process which resulted in a simulation case template endorsed by simulation educators from across Canada. This template has the potential to: 1. Reduce the replication of effort across sites by facilitating the sharing of simulation cases. 2. Enable national collaboration on the development of both simulation cases and curricula. 3. Facilitate multi centre simulation-based research by removing confounders related to the local adoption of an unfamiliar case template. This could improve the rigour and validity of these studies by reducing inter-site variability. 4. Increase the validity of any simulation scenarios developed for use in national high-stakes assessment.

Delirium Assessment Tools for Use in Critically Ill Adults: A Psychometric Analysis and Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Gélinas ◽  
Mélanie Bérubé ◽  
Annie Chevrier ◽  
Brenda T. Pun ◽  
E. Wesley Ely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Delirium Assessment ◽  
Nursing Delirium Screening Scale ◽  
Detection Score ◽  
Critically Ill Adults ◽  
Ill Adults

BACKGROUNDDelirium is highly prevalent in critically ill patients. Its detection with valid tools is crucial.OBJECTIVETo analyze the development and psychometric properties of delirium assessment tools for critically ill adults.METHODSDatabases were searched to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria were English language, publication before January 2015, 30 or more patients, and patient population of critically ill adults (>18 years old). Search terms were delirium, scales, critically ill patients, adult, validity, and reliability. Thirty-six manuscripts were identified, encompassing 5 delirium assessment tools (Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU), Cognitive Test for Delirium, Delirium Detection Score, Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC), and Nursing Delirium Screening Scale). Two independent reviewers analyzed the psychometric properties of these tools by using a standardized scoring system (range, 0–20) to assess the tool development process, reliability, validity, feasibility, and implementation of each tool.RESULTSPsychometric properties were very good for the CAM-ICU (19.6) and the ICDSC (19.2), moderate for the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (13.6), low for the Delirium Detection Score (11.2), and very low for the Cognitive Test for Delirium (8.2).CONCLUSIONSThe results indicate that the CAM-ICU and the ICDSC are the most valid and reliable delirium assessment tools for critically ill adults. Additional studies are needed to further validate these tools in critically ill patients with neurological disorders and those at various levels of sedation or consciousness.

scholarly journals B-42Agreement Between Clinically Relevant Cutoffs on Neurocognitive Assessment Tools (NCATs): Preliminary Results from the DVBIC “Head to Head” Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 629.1-629
Author(s):  
W Cole ◽  
B Ivins ◽  
J Arrieux ◽  
K Schwab ◽  
R Stegman
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Neurocognitive Assessment

A systematic review of the nutritional implications of military rations

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Indira Sotelo-Díaz ◽  
Carla María Blanco-Lizarazo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Military Populations

Background: The objective of this study was to assess military rations. Military rations must provide military personnel with suitable nutrition, as high-quality nutrition is crucial for promoting health. Aim: This systematic review provides information regarding the nutritional design of military rations according to energy and protein intake and supplements. Methods: A systematic search was conducted for articles published to date regarding the nutritional needs involved in a military diet for an active population of either gender, ranging from 18 to 60 years old, without excluding material by year, type of document, location, or author. The pertinent articles found were published from 1994 to 2017. Results: Physical activity and environmental factors directly affect calculating energy needs and carbohydrate intake when designing military rations. However, the results showed no influence on protein, fat and/or sodium intake. Furthermore, the search revealed that military populations have a high intake of dietary supplements; it is thus worth considering their incorporation into campaign rations. Conclusion: Military personnel macro- and micro-nutrient needs depend on physical activity and nutrient intake measurement methodologies. The data regarding military personnel dietary supplement consumption indicated that this is a niche worth considering when designing military rations. Research on nutritional needs for military rations could concentrate on optimizing the amount of macro- and micro-nutrients and their biological value, according to physical activity, as well as maintaining their sensory quality, safety and shelf life using different processing technologies.

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