scholarly journals Defining the scope of digital public health and its implications for policy, practice and research: A scoping review protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihoghosa Iyamu ◽  
Oralia Gómez-Ramírez ◽  
Alice X.T. Xu ◽  
Hsiu-Ju Chang ◽  
Devon Haag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
Ethical Approval

BACKGROUND There has been rapid development and application of digital technologies in public health domains, which are considered to have the potential to transform public health. However, this growing interest in digital tools in public health has not been accompanied by a clarity of scope to guide policy, practice, and research in this rapidly emergent field. OBJECTIVE This scoping review seeks to determine the scope of digital health as described by public health researchers and practitioners, and to consolidate a conceptual framework of digital public health. METHODS The review follows Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for conducting scoping reviews with improvements as suggested by Levac. The search strategy will be applied to Embase, Medline and Google Scholar. A grey literature search will be conducted on intergovernmental agency websites and country specific websites. Titles and abstracts will be reviewed by independent reviewers, while full text reviews will be conducted by two reviewers to determine eligibility based on prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data will be coded using an iterative approach using the best-fit framework analysis methodology. RESULTS N/A CONCLUSIONS Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this review as it uses publicly available data. Results of the review will be strategically disseminated through publications in scientific journals, conferences and engagement fora with relevant stakeholders. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

scholarly journals Chronic heart failure patients’ experiences of German healthcare services: a protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e025685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Dieckelmann ◽  
Felix Reinhardt ◽  
Klaus Jeitler ◽  
Thomas Semlitsch ◽  
Jasper Plath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Subjective Expectations ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Research Questions

IntroductionChronic heart failure (CHF) is a heterogeneous condition requiring complex treatment from diverse healthcare services. An increasingly holistic understanding of healthcare has resulted in contextual factors such as perceived quality of care, as well as patients’ acceptance, preferences and subjective expectations of health services, all gaining in importance. How patients with CHF experience the use of healthcare services has not been studied within the scope of a systematic review in a German healthcare context. The aim of this scoping review is therefore to review systematically the experiences of patients affected by CHF with healthcare services in Germany in the literature and to map the research foci. Further objectives are to identify gaps in evidence, develop further research questions and to inform decision makers concerned with improving healthcare of patients living with CHF.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will be based on a broad search strategy involving systematic and comprehensive electronic database searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, CINAHL and Cochrane’s Database of Systematic Reviews, grey literature searches, as well as hand searches through reference lists and non-indexed key journals. The methodological procedure will be based on an established six-stage framework for conducting scoping reviews that includes two independent reviewers. Data will be systematically extracted, qualitatively and quantitatively analysed and summarised both narratively and visually. To ensure the research questions and extracted information are meaningful, a patient representative will be involved.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required to conduct this review. Results will be disseminated through a clearly illustrated report that will be part of a wider research project. Furthermore, it is intended that the review’s findings should be made available to relevant stakeholders through conference presentations and publication in peer-reviewed journals (knowledge transfer). Protocol registration in PROSPERO is not applicable for scoping reviews.

scholarly journals Mapping the digital food environment: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e036241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ionata Granheim ◽  
Elin Opheim ◽  
Laura Terragni ◽  
Liv Elin Torheim ◽  
Miranda Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Food System ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Ethical Approval

IntroductionFood environments are the interface through which people interact with the broader food system. They are a key determinant of healthy and sustainable diets. The widespread use of digital technology in late modernity and the shift towards a digital society have posed new challenges for nutrition and health, with a concomitant surge in research on social media, digital health promotion interventions, and more recently, increasing interest in digital food marketing. While the literature is abundant on studies linking food, nutrition and digital technology, the effort to conceptualise and describe the digital food environment is new. This scoping review aims to support the development of a definition of the digital food environment and characterise it, along with key thematic research trends on this topic and potential consequences for nutrition and health.Methods and analysisThe planned scoping review will be supported by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and further developed by Levacet al. Development and reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and guidelines. The development of the search strategy was guided by the food environment conceptual framework developed by Turneret al. Four databases will be searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Citation searching will be applied to identify additional studies, through checking of reference lists of primary studies and reviews. Studies in English, published from the year 2000 onwards, will be included. No geographical or population limits will be applied. Data will be extracted and analysed using a standardised charting tool.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required for this study. The results will be submitted to an international peer-reviewed journal and scientific conferences. They will be disseminated through digital science communication platforms, including academic social media, to amplify its reach and usefulness.

scholarly journals What is known about the LGBTQ perspective in child welfare services? A scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e030675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Kaasbøll ◽  
Veronika Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Child Welfare Services ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionIn previous studies, it is estimated that sexual minorities (eg, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) individuals) are overrepresented in the child welfare system. However, the numbers are unclear, and there are limited studies in this field. No systematic review of LGBTQ issues across a broader context (ie, youth, foster parents and service providers) of child welfare services exists. The overall objective of this scoping review is to systematically scope the existing research on LGBTQ issues in the context of child welfare services, including policy, practice, service providers and users’ perspectives.Methods and analysisThe scoping review framework outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) based on previous work by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac and colleagues will guide this review. In addition, the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation will be used throughout the process. We will search electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Idunn) and grey literature sources to identify studies that are appropriate for inclusion in this review. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the ‘Population–Concept–Context’ framework, two researchers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles considered for inclusion. Any qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method study of LGBTQ issues in the child welfare context will be described and synthesised using a thematic synthesis approach.Ethics and disseminationA scoping review is a secondary analysis of published literature and does not require ethics approval. This scoping review is meant to provide an overview of the existing literature, aiming to expand policy-makers’ and practitioners’ knowledge of LGBTQ issues in a child welfare context and identify research gaps that can be used as a basis for further research. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, a conference presentation and a presentation to the key stakeholders.

scholarly journals Protocol for a scoping review of digital health for older adults with cancer and their families

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e038876
Author(s):  
Karis Kin-Fong Cheng ◽  
Rosalind Chiew-Jiat Siah ◽  
Emma Ream ◽  
Ravindran Kanesvaran ◽  
Jo Armes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Geriatric Oncology ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Scoping Reviews

IntroductionThe potential for digital medicine and healthcare in geriatric oncology settings has received much attention. This scoping review will summarise the nature and extent of the existing literature that describes and examines digital health development, implementation, evaluation, outcome and experience for older adults with cancer, their families and their healthcare providers.Methods and analysisArksey and O'Malley’s six stages of scoping review methodology framework will be used. Searches will be conducted in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase via OvidSP, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Plus via EBSCO, Scopus and PsycINFO via OvidSP for published articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals from year 2000 onwards. In addition, we will screen databases for all prospectively registered trials. Research articles using quantitative or qualitative study design or reviews will be included if they describe or report the design, development or usability of digital health interventions in the treatment and care of patients 65 years of age or older with cancer and their families before, during and after cancer treatment. Grey literature will not be searched and included. Two investigators will independently perform the literature search, eligibility assessments and study selection. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram for the scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will be used to delineate the search decision process. For included articles, the extracted results will be synthesised both quantitatively and qualitatively and reported under key conceptual categories of this scoping review. Research gaps and opportunities will be identified and summarised.Ethics and disseminationSince this review will only include published data, ethics approval will not be sought. The results of the review will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. We will also engage with relevant stakeholders within research team’s networks to determine suitable approaches for dissemination.

scholarly journals Digital technology and disease surveillance in the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e053962
Author(s):  
Lorie Donelle ◽  
Jodi Hall ◽  
Brad Hiebert ◽  
Jacob J Shelley ◽  
Maxwell J Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Digital Surveillance ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Media Channels

IntroductionInfectious diseases pose a risk to public health, requiring efficient strategies for disease prevention. Digital health surveillance technologies provide new opportunities to enhance disease prevention, detection, tracking, reporting and analysis. However, in addition to concerns regarding the effectiveness of these technologies in meeting public health goals, there are also concerns regarding the ethics, legality, safety and sustainability of digital surveillance technologies. This scoping review examines the literature on digital surveillance for public health purposes during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify health-related applications of digital surveillance technologies, and to highlight discussions of the implications of these technologies.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be guided by the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and the guidelines outlined by Colquhoun et al and Levac et al. We will search Medline (Ovid), PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), ACM Digital Library, Google Scholar and IEEE Explore for relevant studies published between December 2019 and December 2020. The review will also include grey literature. Data will be managed and analysed through an extraction table and thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationFindings will be disseminated through traditional academic channels, as well as social media channels and research briefs and infographics. We will target our dissemination to provincial and federal public health organisations, as well as technology companies and community-based organisations managing the public response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Identifying optimal frameworks to implement or evaluate digital health interventions: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e037643
Author(s):  
Charlene Soobiah ◽  
Madeline Cooper ◽  
Vanessa Kishimoto ◽  
R Sacha Bhatia ◽  
Ted Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Advisory Panel ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Scoping Reviews

IntroductionDigital health interventions (DHIs) are defined as health services delivered electronically through formal or informal care. DHIs can range from electronic medical records used by providers to mobile health apps used by consumers. DHIs involve complex interactions between user, technology and the healthcare team, posing challenges for implementation and evaluation. Theoretical or interpretive frameworks are crucial in providing researchers guidance and clarity on implementation or evaluation approaches; however, there is a lack of standardisation on which frameworks to use in which contexts. Our goal is to conduct a scoping review to identify frameworks to guide the implementation or evaluation of DHIs.Methods and analysisA scoping review will be conducted using methods outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers’ manual and will conform to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Studies will be included if they report on frameworks (ie, theoretical, interpretive, developmental) that are used to guide either implementation or evaluation of DHIs. Electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO will be searched in addition to grey literature and reference lists of included studies. Citations and full text articles will be screened independently in Covidence after a reliability check among reviewers. We will use qualitative description to summarise findings and focus on how research objectives and type of DHIs are aligned with the frameworks used.Ethics and disseminationWe engaged an advisory panel of digital health knowledge users to provide input at strategic stages of the scoping review to enhance the relevance of findings and inform dissemination activities. Specifically, they will provide feedback on the eligibility criteria, data abstraction elements, interpretation of findings and assist in developing key messages for dissemination. This study does not require ethical review. Findings from review will support decision making when selecting appropriate frameworks to guide the implementation or evaluation of DHIs.

scholarly journals Electronic patient-generated health data to facilitate prevention and health promotion: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e021245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Nittas ◽  
Margot Mütsch ◽  
Frederic Ehrler ◽  
Milo Alan Puhan
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion

IntroductionRapidly expanding digital innovations transform the perception, reception and provision of health services. Simultaneously, health system challenges underline the need for patient-centred, empowering and citizen-engaging care, which facilitates a focus on prevention and health promotion. Through enhanced patient-engagement, patient-provider interactions and reduced information gaps, electronic patient-generated health data (PGHD) may facilitate both patient-centeredness and preventive scare. Despite that, comprehensive knowledge syntheses on their utilisation for prevention and health promotion purposes are lacking. The review described in this protocol aims to fill that gap.Methods and analysisOur methodology is guided by Arksey and O’ Malley’s methodological framework for scoping reviews, as well as its advanced version by Levac, Colquhoun and O’Brien. Seven electronic databases will be systematically searched using predefined keywords. Key electronic journals will be hand searched, while reference lists of included documents and grey literature sources will be screened thoroughly. Two independent reviewers will complete study selection and data extraction. One of the team’s senior research members will act as a third reviewer and make the final decision on disputed documents. We will include literature with a focus on electronic PGHD and linked to prevention and health promotion. Literature on prevention that is driven by existing discomfort or disability goes beyond the review’s scope and will be excluded. Analysis will be narrative and guided by Shapiroet al’s adapted framework on PGHD flow.Ethics and disseminationThe scoping review described in this protocol aims to establish a baseline understanding of electronic PGHD generation, collection, communication, sharing, interpretation, utilisation, context and impact for preventive purposes. The chosen methodology is based on the use of publicly available information and does not require ethical approval. Review findings will be disseminated in digital health conferences and symposia. Results will be published and additionally shared with relevant local and national authorities.

scholarly journals Identifying Environmental Determinants Relevant to Health and Wellbeing in Remote Australian Indigenous Communities: A Scoping Review of Grey Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4167
Author(s):  
Amal Chakraborty ◽  
Mark Daniel ◽  
Natasha J. Howard ◽  
Alwin Chong ◽  
Nicola Slavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

The high prevalence of preventable infectious and chronic diseases in Australian Indigenous populations is a major public health concern. Existing research has rarely examined the role of built and socio-political environmental factors relating to remote Indigenous health and wellbeing. This research identified built and socio-political environmental indicators from publicly available grey literature documents locally-relevant to remote Indigenous communities in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia. Existing planning documents with evidence of community input were used to reduce the response burden on Indigenous communities. A scoping review of community-focused planning documents resulted in the identification of 1120 built and 2215 socio-political environmental indicators. Indicators were systematically classified using an Indigenous indicator classification system (IICS). Applying the IICS yielded indicators prominently featuring the “community infrastructure” domain within the built environment, and the “community capacity” domain within the socio-political environment. This research demonstrates the utility of utilizing existing planning documents and a culturally appropriate systematic classification system to consolidate environmental determinants that influence health and disease occurrence. The findings also support understanding of which features of community-level built and socio-political environments amenable to public health and social policy actions might be targeted to help reduce the prevalence of infectious and chronic diseases in Indigenous communities.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence for good health: a scoping review of the ethics literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Murphy ◽  
Erica Di Ruggiero ◽  
Ross Upshur ◽  
Donald J. Willison ◽  
Neha Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Ethical Implications

Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has been described as the “fourth industrial revolution” with transformative and global implications, including in healthcare, public health, and global health. AI approaches hold promise for improving health systems worldwide, as well as individual and population health outcomes. While AI may have potential for advancing health equity within and between countries, we must consider the ethical implications of its deployment in order to mitigate its potential harms, particularly for the most vulnerable. This scoping review addresses the following question: What ethical issues have been identified in relation to AI in the field of health, including from a global health perspective? Methods Eight electronic databases were searched for peer reviewed and grey literature published before April 2018 using the concepts of health, ethics, and AI, and their related terms. Records were independently screened by two reviewers and were included if they reported on AI in relation to health and ethics and were written in the English language. Data was charted on a piloted data charting form, and a descriptive and thematic analysis was performed. Results Upon reviewing 12,722 articles, 103 met the predetermined inclusion criteria. The literature was primarily focused on the ethics of AI in health care, particularly on carer robots, diagnostics, and precision medicine, but was largely silent on ethics of AI in public and population health. The literature highlighted a number of common ethical concerns related to privacy, trust, accountability and responsibility, and bias. Largely missing from the literature was the ethics of AI in global health, particularly in the context of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Conclusions The ethical issues surrounding AI in the field of health are both vast and complex. While AI holds the potential to improve health and health systems, our analysis suggests that its introduction should be approached with cautious optimism. The dearth of literature on the ethics of AI within LMICs, as well as in public health, also points to a critical need for further research into the ethical implications of AI within both global and public health, to ensure that its development and implementation is ethical for everyone, everywhere.

scholarly journals Mapping evidence on the effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the hard and soft tissues of the craniofacial complex in transgender people: a protocol for a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Van den Bosch ◽  
C. M. Wiepjes ◽  
M. Den Heijer ◽  
L. J. Schoonmade ◽  
R. E. G. Jonkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Craniofacial Complex

Abstract Background Gender-affirming hormone (GAH) therapy aims to support the transition of transgender people to their gender identity. GAHs can induce changes in their secondary sex characteristics such as the development of breasts in transgender females and increased muscle mass in transgender males. The face and its surrounding tissues also have an important role in gender confirmation. The aim of this scoping review is to systematically map the available evidence in order to provide an overview of the effects of GAH therapy on the hard and soft tissues of the craniofacial complex in transgender people. Methods/design The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews was consulted for reporting this protocol. The methods were based on the Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Reviewer’s Manual of the Joanna Briggs Institute for conducting scoping reviews. Ten transgender people were involved in the development of the primary research question through short interviews. The eligibility criteria were defined for transgender people undergoing GAH therapy and for quantitative and qualitative outcomes on the hard and soft tissues of the craniofacial complex. Eligible sources of evidence include observational, experimental, qualitative, and mixed method studies. No exclusion criteria will be applied for the language of publication and the setting. To identify eligible sources of evidence, we will conduct searches from inception onwards in PubMed, Embase.com, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, CINAHL, LIVIVO, and various grey literature sources such as Google Scholar. Two reviewers will independently select eligible studies in these information sources and will subsequently conduct data extraction. The same operators will chart, categorize, and summarize the extracted data. A narrative summary of findings will be conducted. Frequency counts of quantitative and qualitative data on items such as concepts, populations, interventions, and other characteristics of the eligible sources will be given. Where possible, these items will be mapped descriptively. Discussion We chose the scoping review over the systematic review approach, because the research questions are broad-spectrum and the literature is expected to be widely scattered. No systematic review has previously assessed this topic. Identifying knowledge gaps in this area and summarizing and disseminating research findings are important for a wide spectrum of stakeholders, in particular, for transgender people who want to undergo additional interventions such as plastic or orthognathic surgery or orthodontics. Systematic review registration This protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/e3qj6

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