The Impact of Virtual Physical Activity Interventions on Depression and Anxiety among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Murray ◽  
Michele Marenus ◽  
Ana Cahuas ◽  
Kathryn Friedman ◽  
Haley Ottensoser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are growing issues for college students, with both aerobic-resistance training and mindfulness-yoga exercises known to be effective in reducing symptoms and severity. However, no known research is available comparing these two depression and anxiety interventions simultaneously and in a virtual environment. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effects of a virtual aerobic-resistance exercise intervention (WeActive) and a virtual yoga-mindfulness mindfulness exercise intervention (WeMindful) on depression and anxiety symptoms in college students METHODS The participants were 78 college students who anonymously completed a Qualtrics survey including the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) at baseline and the post-test. Participants were randomly assigned to either the WeActive or WeMindful group and underwent two 30-minute virtual aerobic-resistance exercise lessons or yoga-mindfulness lessons per week for eight weeks. RESULTS The results of ANCOVA with repeated measures indicated that, while not statistically significant, both groups showed a notable decrease in anxiety with a marginal significant main effect of time (F = 3.485, p = 0.066, η2 = 0.047) but no significant main effect of group and no significant interaction effect of time with group. The two intervention groups experienced a significant decrease in depression with the main effect of time (F = 3.892, p = 0.052, η2 = 0.052). There was no significant main effect of group or interaction effect of time with group for depression. CONCLUSIONS College students in both WeActive and WeMindful groups experienced a significant decrease in depression symptoms and a decrease, though not significant, in anxiety as well. The study suggests that virtual WeActive and WeMindful interventions are effective approaches to managing US college student depression and anxiety during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Behavior During the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mobile Smartphone and Ecological Momentary Assessment Study in College Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy F Huckins ◽  
alex dasilva ◽  
weichen wang ◽  
Elin L. Hedlund ◽  
Courtney Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Changes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Mobile Smartphone ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundWorldwide, the vast majority of people have been impacted by COVID-19. While millions of individuals have become infected, billions of individuals have been asked or required by local and national governments to change their behavioral patterns. Previous research on epidemics or traumatic events suggest this can lead to profound behavioral and mental health changes, but rarely are researchers able to track these changes with frequent, near real-time sampling or compare these to previous years of data on the same individuals.ObjectivesWe seek to answer two overarching questions by combining mobile phone sensing and self-reported mental health data among college students participating in a longitudinal study for the past two years. First, have behaviors and mental health changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to previous time periods within the same participants? Second, did behavior and mental health changes track the relative news coverage of COVID-19 in the US media?MethodsBehaviors were measured using the StudentLife mobile smartphone sensing app. Depression and anxiety were assessed using weekly self-reported Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs). Differences in behaviors and self-reported mental health collected during the Winter 2020 term (the term in which the coronavirus pandemic started), as compared to prevous terms in the same cohort, were modeled using mixed linear models.ResultsDuring the initial COVID-19 impacted academic term (Winter 2020), individuals were more sedentary and reported increased anxiety and depression symptoms (P<.001), relative to the previous academic terms and subsequent academic breaks. Interactions between the Winter 2020 term and week of academic term (linear and quadratic) were significant. In a mixed linear model, phone usage, number of locations visited, and week of the term, were strongly associated with increased coronavirus-related news. When mental health metrics (e.g., depression and anxiety) were added to the previous measures (week of term, number of locations visited, and phone usage), both anxiety (P<.001) and depression (P<.05) were significantly associated with coronavirus-related news.ConclusionsCompared with prior academic terms, individuals in Winter 2020 were more sedentary, anxious, and depressed. A wide variety of behaviors, including increased phone usage, decreased physical activity, and fewer locations visited, are associated with fluctuations in COVID-19 news reporting. While this large-scale shift in mental health and behavior is unsurprising, its characterization is particularly important to help guide the development of methods that could reduce the impact of future catastrophic events on the mental health of the population.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Behavior During the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mobile Smartphone and Ecological Momentary Assessment Study in College Students (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy F Huckins ◽  
Alex W DaSilva ◽  
Weichen Wang ◽  
Elin Hedlund ◽  
Courtney Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Changes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Mobile Smartphone ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Worldwide, the vast majority of people have been impacted by COVID-19. While millions of individuals have become infected, billions of individuals have been asked or required by local and national governments to change their behavioral patterns. Previous research on epidemics or traumatic events suggest this can lead to profound behavioral and mental health changes, but rarely are researchers able to track these changes with frequent, near real-time sampling or compare these to previous years of data on the same individuals. OBJECTIVE We seek to answer two overarching questions by combining mobile phone sensing and self-reported mental health data among college students participating in a longitudinal study for the past two years. First, have behaviors and mental health changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to previous time periods within the same participants? Second, did behavior and mental health changes track the relative news coverage of COVID-19 in the US media? METHODS Behaviors such as the number of locations visited, distance traveled, duration of phone usage, number of phone unlocks, sleep duration and sedentary time were measured using the StudentLife mobile smartphone sensing app. Depression and anxiety were assessed using weekly self-reported Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). Participants were 217 undergraduate students, with 178 students having data during the Winter 2020 term. Differences in behaviors and self-reported mental health collected during the Winter 2020 term (the term in which the coronavirus pandemic started), as compared to previous terms in the same cohort, were modeled using mixed linear models. RESULTS During the initial COVID-19 impacted academic term (Winter 2020), individuals were more sedentary and reported increased anxiety and depression symptoms (P<.001), relative to the previous academic terms and subsequent academic breaks. Interactions between the Winter 2020 term and week of academic term (linear and quadratic) were significant. In a mixed linear model, phone usage, number of locations visited, and week of the term, were strongly associated with increased coronavirus-related news. When mental health metrics (e.g., depression and anxiety) were added to the previous measures (week of term, number of locations visited, and phone usage), both anxiety (P<.001) and depression (P=.029) were significantly associated with coronavirus-related news. CONCLUSIONS Compared with prior academic terms, individuals in Winter 2020 were more sedentary, anxious, and depressed. A wide variety of behaviors, including increased phone usage, decreased physical activity, and fewer locations visited, are associated with fluctuations in COVID-19 news reporting. While this large-scale shift in mental health and behavior is unsurprising, its characterization is particularly important to help guide the development of methods that could reduce the impact of future catastrophic events on the mental health of the population. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals Manual vibrocompression and nasotracheal suctioning in post-operative period of infants with heart deffects

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Seabra de Assumpção ◽  
Renata Maba Gonçalves ◽  
Lúcia Cristina Krygierowicz ◽  
Ana Cristina T. Orlando ◽  
Camila Isabel S. Schivinski
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of manual vibrocompression and nasotracheal suctioning on heart (hr) and respiratory (rr) rates, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), pain and respiratory distress in infants in the postoperative period of a cardiac surgery. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial, in which the assessments were performed by the same physiotherapist in two moments: before and after the procedure. The infants were randomly divided into two groups: Intervention (IG), with manual chest vibrocompression, nasotracheal suctioning and resting; and Control CG), with 30 minutes of rest. Cardiorespiratory data (SpO2; hr; rr) were monitored and the following scales were used: Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), for pain evaluation, and Bulletin of Silverman-Andersen (BSA), for respiratory distress assessment. The data were verified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: 20 infants with heart disease, ten in each group (seven acyanotic and three cyanotic) were enrolled, with ages ranging from zero to 12 months. In the analysis of the interaction between group and time, there was a significant difference in the variation of SpO2 (p=0.016), without changes in the other variables. Considering the main effect on time, only rr showed a significant difference (p=0.001). As for the group main effect, there were no statistical differences (SpO2 - p=0.77, hr - p=0.14, rr - p=0.17, NIPS - p=0.49 and BSA - p=0.51 ). CONCLUSIONS: The manual vibrocompression and the nasotracheal suctioning applied to infants in postoperative of cardiac surgery did not altered SpO2 and rr, and did not trigger pain and respiratory distress. [Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC): REQ: 1467].

Depression and anxiety among college students: Understanding the impact on grade average and differences in gender and ethnicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Autumn Asher BlackDeer ◽  
David A. Patterson Silver Wolf ◽  
Eugene Maguin ◽  
Sara Beeler-Stinn
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grade Average

scholarly journals Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on the mitochondrial peptide MOTS-c in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Dieli-Conwright ◽  
Nathalie Sami ◽  
Mary K. Norris ◽  
Junxiang Wan ◽  
Hiroshi Kumagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hispanic White

AbstractMOTS-c is a mitochondrial derived peptide with exercise mimetic activity that elicits beneficial effects on metabolism and exercise capacity. Furthermore, MOTS-c effects in humans are affected by race, potentially via ethnic-specific mtDNA variations. Women treated for breast cancer are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity, due to side effects of cancer-treatments. We conducted a secondary analysis of the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on MOTS-c in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors (BCS). BCS (Stage I–III) were randomized to exercise or standard care. The intervention promoted aerobic and resistance exercise for 16 weeks. MOTS-c was analyzed in fasting plasma using an in-house ELISA. Within and between group differences were assessed by paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Pearson’s correlation was computed to assess the association between MOTS-c and metabolic biomarkers at baseline and post-exercise. Twenty-five Hispanic-BCS and 24 non-Hispanic White BCS were included. Hispanic BCS were younger, of greater adiposity, had higher stage cancers, and had worse metabolic profiles at baseline compared to non-Hispanic White BCS (p < 0.001). Post-exercise, MOTS-c levels significantly increased when compared to baseline and the usual care group among non-Hispanic White BCS (p < 0.01) but not among Hispanic breast cancer survivors (p > 0.01). Post-exercise levels of MOTS-c among non-Hispanic White BCS were significantly associated with reductions in fat mass, body weight, HOMA-IR, CRP, and an increase in lean mass (p < 0.01). A 16-week aerobic and resistance intervention increased MOTS-c levels among non-Hispanic White BCS. Trial registration: This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01140282 as of June 9, 2010. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01140282.

scholarly journals Preventing depression in final year secondary students: School-based randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Perry ◽  
A Werner-Seidler ◽  
A Calear ◽  
A Mackinnon ◽  
C King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
School Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
The Impact

Background: Depression often emerges for the first time during adolescence. There is accumulating evidence that universal depression prevention programs may have the capacity to reduce the impact of depression when delivered in the school environment. Objective: This trial investigated the effectiveness of SPARX-R, a gamified online cognitive behavior therapy intervention for the prevention of depression relative to an attention-matched control intervention delivered to students prior to facing a significant stressor-final secondary school exams. It was hypothesized that delivering a prevention intervention in advance of a stressor would reduce depressive symptoms relative to the control group. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 10 government schools in Sydney, Australia. Participants were 540 final year secondary students (mean 16.7 [SD 0.51] years), and clusters at the school level were randomly allocated to SPARX-R or the control intervention. Interventions were delivered weekly in 7 modules, each taking approximately 20 to 30 minutes to complete. The primary outcome was symptoms of depression as measured by the Major Depression Inventory. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed. Results: Compared to controls, participants in the SPARX-R condition (n=242) showed significantly reduced depression symptoms relative to the control (n=298) at post-intervention (Cohen d=0.29) and 6 months post-baseline (d=0.21) but not at 18 months post-baseline (d=0.33). Conclusions: This is the first trial to demonstrate a preventive effect on depressive symptoms prior to a significant and universal stressor in adolescents. It demonstrates that an online intervention delivered in advance of a stressful experience can reduce the impact of such an event on the potential development or exacerbation of depression.

scholarly journals The Impact of Shift Work on Occupational Health Indicators among Professionally Active Adults: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11290
Author(s):  
Henrique Pereira ◽  
Gergely Fehér ◽  
Antal Tibold ◽  
Samuel Monteiro ◽  
Vítor Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Adults

The analysis of the impact of shift work on occupational health still needs further contributions. Therefore, we developed this research with the purpose of assessing the impact of shift work on occupational health indicators, namely burnout, work-engagement, occupational self-efficacy, and mental health functioning (symptoms of depression and anxiety), by comparing workers who did shift work (44.2% of participants) with workers who did not (55.8% of participants). A total of 695 Portuguese professionally active adults between 18 and 73 years of age (Mage = 37.71; SD = 12.64) participated in this study and completed a survey containing a sociodemographic questionnaire and four occupational health measures: The Burnout Assessment Tool, The Work-Engagement questionnaire (UWES), The Occupational Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and the BSI-18 for mental health symptoms. Results showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) for all indicators, demonstrating that participants who worked shifts presented lower scores of work-engagement and occupational self-efficacy, and higher scores of burnout, depression, and anxiety when compared to participants who did not work shifts. Linear regressions showed that shift work explained significant but low percentages of anxiety symptoms, low work-engagement, depression symptoms, low occupational self-efficacy, and burnout. We concluded that non-standard working hours (by shifts) are detrimental to employee occupational health, by increasing the risk of anxiety and depression levels, and burnout, and by reducing work-engagement (as a well-being indicator) and occupational self-efficacy perceptions.

scholarly journals Imagery rescripting in non-clinical paranoia: a pilot study of the impact on key cognitive and affective processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Newman-Taylor ◽  
Pamela McSherry ◽  
Lusia Stopa
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Imagery Rescripting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Memory Characteristics

AbstractBackground:Paranoia is often accompanied by distressing intrusions associated with traumatic memories, yet one of the best-evidenced interventions, imagery rescripting (IR), is not routinely offered. This is likely to be due to poor understanding of the effects of IR on postulated mechanisms of change as well as the absence of a robust evidence base.Aims:This study aimed to establish proof of principle that IR impacts key cognitive-affective processes associated with distressing intrusions – memory characteristics and self-representations – and level of paranoia.Method:We used a within-subject repeated measures design to examine the effect of single-session IR on memory characteristics (level of intrusions, vividness, distress, encapsulated belief strength, emotion intensity and frequency), self-representation variables, affect and paranoia. Fifteen participants were seen once before and once after the IR session, to gather baseline and follow-up data.Results:As predicted, participants reported reductions in memory characteristics, improved self-esteem and positive affect, and reduced negative affect and paranoia, with large effect sizes. These effects were maintained at follow-up.Conclusions:While a within-subject design is useful for initial exploration of novel interventions, controlled studies are needed to determine causality. This is the first study to examine mechanisms of IR in paranoia. A controlled trial is now warranted.

scholarly journals U-EXCEL’S “@ HOME” PROGRAM: STAFF SUPPORTED BALANCE EXERCISE INTERVENTION AND ADHERENCE FOR LIFE CARE RESIDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S975-S975
Author(s):  
Marilyn R Gugliucci ◽  
Erica Robertson ◽  
Ashley Cronkright ◽  
Sujaay Jagannathan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Select Group ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: The University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine U-ExCEL Program was established in 2006 and specializes in older adult fitness and balance programming. Falls account for $54 billion costs in direct and Indirect costs. Methods: This randomized control single blinded pilot project included an 8 week intervention to measure the impact of supported consistent individual balance programming in individuals’ apartments for a select group of older adults residing in a life care living environment. Twenty residents (75-92 y/o) were recruited, however 12 participants (6 intervention/6 control group) participated in the study. The remaining 8 participants were pulled from the wait list as attrition occurred. Demographic data collection and 6 validated assessments were conducted at baseline and at study completion. The intervention group conducted the Balancing Act (Falls Prevention) Program 3 times/week with social support. The control group only received social support. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, SAS 5.1 was used for non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test); a repeated measures ANOVA was also conducted. Results: The effects of the intervention (Balancing Act Program) on Oxygen Saturation (p=0.009), Wong Baker Score (p=0.008), and the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) 2 (p=0.008) test were statistically significant. The effect of the intervention on all other variables was not statistically significant including validated balance measures. Conclusion: Quantitative measures failed so show significant improvement in balance from the start to the end of the intervention; however improvements were experienced and expressed by the intervention group. Social Support is necessary for adherence.

Evaluating the effects of a structured exercise intervention on physical self-worth in men with prostate cancer: Addressing an unmet need.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11625-11625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Francis Dunne ◽  
Charles E. Heckler ◽  
Julia Ellen Inglis ◽  
Po-Ju Lin ◽  
Chunkit Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Self Worth

11625 Background: Improving body image and self-esteem are top ASCO priorities in the survivorship care of men with prostate cancer (PCa). Body image and global self-esteem, influenced by physical self-worth, are negatively affected by PCa treatment. We investigate whether exercise can improve physical self-worth in men treated for PCa and if improving self-worth is associated with changes in quality of life (QoL) and mental health. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a phase II randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of Exercise for Cancer Patients(EXCAP), a structured, 6-week, home-based exercise intervention, to usual care (UC) in men with non-metastatic PCa receiving radiation or Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT). The Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP), a valid 30-item questionnaire where higher scores indicate greater physical self-worth, was assessed at pre- and post-intervention. Changes between arms were compared using ANCOVA. Spearman correlations were calculated for pre/post-intervention change scores for PSPP and QoL, depression, and anxiety as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT), Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), respectively. Results: Fifty-eight men were randomized; average age was 67.1 years. Physical self-worth at baseline moderated the effect of the intervention. Compared to UC, EXCAP improved physical self-worth in those with baseline PSPP scores above the median (p < 0.04). Exercisers with baseline PSPP scores in the top quartile demonstrated a more significant improvement over UC (p < 0.01). Improvements in physical self-worth were associated with improved QoL (r = 0.29, p = 0.04), depression (r = -0.28, p = 0.04) and anxiety (r = -0.30, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Exercise significantly improves physical self-worth in men with PCa on radiation or ADT, and greater physical self-worth is associated with improved QoL, depression and anxiety. Those with higher baseline physical self-worth derived the most benefit from exercise. Exercise should be prescribed to boost self-esteem and body image in men receiving radiation or ADT for PCa. Clinical trial information: NCT00815672.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document