scholarly journals The effect of sports participation in obese boys on some obesity indicators and physical fitness parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 479-483
Author(s):  
Engin Dinç ◽  
Serdar Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fitness Parameters

Background. To examine the effects of sports participation in obese boys on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, muscle strength, muscular endurance, balance and agility. Materials and methods. Sixty-three obese children with a mean age of 10.80 ± 0.58 were included in the study. Participants participated in sports, including judo, table tennis and basketball, for three months at their schools. Body weight, waist circumference and hip circumference of the participants were measured before and after participating in sports. Before and after participating in sports, grip strength, bent arm hanging, single-leg stance balance and plate tapping tests were applied to the participants. Results. While before participating in sports, BMI, waist and hip circumference outcomes of the participants were 23.04 ± 2.89 cm/m2, 81.61 ± 8.56 cm and 87.69 ± 6.52 cm, respectively; after participating in sports, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference outcomes were 22.51 ± 2.88 cm/m2, 79.38 ± 8.74 cm and 85.73 ± 6.65 cm, respectively. The results of the single leg balance and bent arm-hanging tests after participation in sports increased compared to the results which before participating in sports (p < 0.05). However, the results of plate tapping test results that after participation in sports were less than the results which before participating in sports (p < 0.05). The result obtained from the grip strength after participation in sports was not different from the result obtained before participating in sports (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Participation in regular sports in obese children has positive effects on BMI, waist circumfe­rence and hip circumference, which are associated with chronic diseases. Additionally, the participation of obese children in regular sports contributes to the development of physical fitness parameters, which are indicators of health.

The effects of whole grain intake on anthropometric measures in overweight and obese children: a crossover randomised clinical trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Parisa Hajihashemi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Mahin Hashemipour ◽  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grain Foods

Abstract Whole-grain foods have been reported to affect body weight and satiety. However, we are aware of no study in this regard among children. The present study aimed to determine the effects of whole grain consumption on anthropometric measures in overweight or obese children. In this randomised crossover clinical trial, forty-four overweight or obese girls participated. After a 2-week run-in period, subjects were randomly assigned to either intervention (n 44) or non-intervention (n 44) groups. Subjects in the intervention group were given a list of whole-grain foods and were asked to obtain half of their grain servings from these foods each day for 6 weeks. Individuals in the non-intervention group were asked not to consume any of these foods. A 4-week washout period was applied. Then, participants were crossed over to the alternate arm. The measurements were done before and after each phase. Mean age, weight and BMI of participants were 11·2 (sd 1·49) years, 51·2 (sd 10·2) kg and 23·5 (sd 2·5) kg/m2, respectively. Despite the slight reduction in weight and BMI, there were no significant differences in changes in these anthropometric measures. We found a significant effect of whole grain intake on waist circumference (−2·7 v. 0·3 cm, P = 0·04). No significant changes in hip circumference were observed. Changes in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity were not significantly different. This study indicated a beneficial effect of whole-grain foods on waist circumference in overweight children; however, these foods did not influence weight and BMI.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Physical Fitness and Simulated Firefighting Task Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goris Nazari ◽  
Joy C. MacDermid ◽  
Kathryn E. Sinden ◽  
Tom J. Overend
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Completion Times

The overall aim of this study was to measure the physiological responses of firefighters from a single fire service during simulated functional firefighting tasks and to establish the relationship between physical fitness parameters and task performance. 46 males and 3 females firefighters were recruited. Firefighters’ aerobic capacity levels were estimated using the Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test (mCAFT). Grip strength levels, as a measure of upper body strength levels, were assessed using a calibrated J-Tech dynamometer. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) protocol for the static floor lifting test was used to quantify lower body strength levels. Firefighters then performed two simulated tasks: a hose drag task and a stair climb with a high-rise pack tasks. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between firefighters’ physical fitness parameters and task completion times. Two separate multivariable enter regression analyses were carried out to determine the predictive abilities of age, sex, muscle strength, and resting heart rate on task completion times. Our results displayed that near maximal heart rates of ≥88% of heart rate maximum were recorded during the two tasks. Correlation (r) ranged from −0.30 to 0.20. For the hose drag task, cardiorespiratory fitness and right grip strength (kg) demonstrated the highest correlations of −0.30 and −0.25, respectively. In predicting hose drag completion times, age and right grip strength scores were shown to be the statistically significant (p<0.05) independent variables in our regression model. In predicting stair climb completion times, age and NIOSH scores were shown to be the statistically significant (p<0.05) independent variables in our regression model. In conclusion, the hose drag and stair climb tasks were identified as physiological demanding tasks. Age, sex, resting heart rate, and upper body/lower body strength levels had similar predictive values on hose drag and stair climb completion times.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Brief School-Based Exercise Programs in Improving Pubertal Bone Mass and Physical Fitness: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9648
Author(s):  
Xin Tian ◽  
Jian Fu ◽  
Jiaxue Tian ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Wenjie Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Impact ◽  
School Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Impact Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Purpose: To examine the effects of three types of school-based exercises on bone health and physical fitness function in Chinese boys and girls. Methods: One hundred and seventy-four Chinese boys and girls were randomly assigned into four groups: (1) sham exercise (ShEx); (2) high-impact exercise (HiEx); (3) high-impact exercise with various directions (HiExVi); and (4) high-intensity interval exercise (HiInEx). Speed of sound (SOS) and physical fitness parameters were determined before and after six-month intervention. Results: At the end of six-month intervention, participants in all groups show an increment of SOS compared with the baseline (p < 0.05), and the changes were higher in HiEx (mean: 38.878 m/s, 95% CI: 32.885~44.872, p = 0.001) and HiExVi groups (49.317 m/s, 42.737~55.897, p < 0.001) compared with ShEx group (20.049 m/s, 13.751~26.346). Six-month exercise training generated a reduction of percent of body fat (PBF) and waist–hip ratio (WHR) (p < 0.05). The decrease of PBF was greater in HiExVi (−1.222%, −1.820~−0.624, p = 0.012) and HiInEx groups (−1.395%, −1.809~−0.982, p = 0.003), whereas the reduction of WHR was larger in HiEx (−0.026, −0.039~−0.014, p = 0.009), HiExVi (−0.024, −0.036~−0.012, p = 0.021), and HiInEx groups (−0.035, −0.046~−0.024, p < 0.001) compared with ShEx group. Balance function (BLF), vital capacity (VC), standing long jump (SLJ), and sit up (SU) increased in all intervention groups (p < 0.05). The BLF increased in HiEx (6.332 s, 4.136~8.528, p = 0.001), HiExVi (10.489 s, 8.934~12.045, p < 0.001), and HiInEx groups (9.103 s, 7.430~10.776, p < 0.001) showed a greater change than that of ShEx group (1.727 s, 0.684 ~2.770). The increment of VC (273.049 mL, 199.510~346.587, p < 0.001) and SU (2.537 times/min, 0.639~4.435, p = 0.017) was higher in HiInEx group, whereas the accrual in SLJ was larger in HiExVi (7.488 cm, 4.936~10.040, p = 0.007) compared with ShEx group (58.902 mL, 7.990 ~109.814; −0.463 times/min, −2.003~1.077; 1.488 cm, −0.654 ~3.630). Conclusion: The brief school-based exercises were effective in improving schoolchildren’s health, but they showed different effects, with HiEx mostly improving bone health, HiInEx largely benefiting physical fitness function, and HiExVi enhancing both bone and physical fitness.

Family Sports Interventions for the Treatment of Obesity in Childhood: A Meta- A Nalysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANG li Hong ◽  
Tang li xu ◽  
Yu Yao Na ◽  
Xiao Qian ◽  
Xi mao mao
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Obesity In Children

Abstract Background Obesity in children has become one of the key concerns of the World Health Organization (WHO), and the incidence of related non-communicable diseases is also rising.Objective This study evaluates the effect of family sports participation on the treatment and prevention of obesity in children aged 0–14 years old by systematic analysis.Study Design Systematic analysis;Level of Evidence,4.Date Extration according to PRISMA-IPD (Preferred Reporting Items for MetaAnalyses of individual participant data) guidelines.The two researchers independently assessed the risk and bias of the articles, obtained a comprehensive, high-quality result,and extracted the data based on the Cochrane intervention system review manual.Data Sources The databases used to search for literature are Google Scholar,CNKI, VIP, Scopus, Embase, SpringerLink, Sciencedirect, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, PubMed, and Web of Science. The last document search date was November 6, 2020.Study Selection Selection criteria following:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected from the searches that used family sports interventions or family sports combined with dietary adjustments and behavioral habits change. Only studies targeting overweight or obese children aged 0–14 years were included.Main Results The search resulted in a total of 16 studies. Across all 16 studies, there were a total of 1,680 participants in the experimental groups and 1,701 participants in the control groups. The results are as follows:body mass index (BMI)(SMD-RE = -4.10, 95% CI (-0.84 ~ 0.02), Z = 1.88, P = 0.06); Body weight (SMD-RE = -0.77, 95% CI (-1.53 ~ -0.01), Z = 2.00, P = 0.05); Waist circumference (SMD-RE = -0.45, 95% CI (-1.36 ~ 0.47), Z = 0.96, P = 0.34); Body fat rate (SMD-FE = -0.06, 95% CI (-0.22 ~ 0.11), Z = 0.69, P = 0.49). Hence, through family sports intervention among obese children, juvenile and obese body composition—BMI, body weight, waist circumference, and body fat rate—are all reduced.Conclusions Compared with the samples without family sports, the weight, BMI, body fat rate and waist circumference of obese children participating in family sports decreased

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF RAMAZAN I’TIKAF ON IMMUNE SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Hasan Huseyin Eker ◽  
Mehmet Derya Onuk ◽  
Caglayan Geredeli ◽  
Maihebureti Abuduli
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ig G

I'tikaaf is a worship maintained by very deep hunger in fasting month of Ramadan. Hunger causes different results on the immune system. This is a prospective study. In this study, the changes in the immune system were investigated during the period of the i’tikaf, which is deep hunger worship. In the last 10 days of Ramadan, before and at the end of i’tikaf blood was taken from 46 male volunteers who performed i’tikaf worship and various biochemical and immunological parameters were examined. Comparison of the measures taken before and after i’tikaf indicated a statistically significant decrease in weight, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference (p<0.001). Of the hematologic parameters, the lymphocyte count increased significantly (p=0.009). Also, a significant increase was observed in the values of IgA, IgM ve Ig G within the hematological parameters (p<0.001). During the period of i’tikaf, feeding with very low calories (1000 calories) caused an increase in the levels of lymphocyte and immunoglobulins and got the immune system stronger.

Relationship Between Physical Fitness, Anthropometric Measurement, and Bone Health in Adult Men

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110609
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Zhao ◽  
Fei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Fitness Parameters

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between physical fitness, anthropometric measurement, and bone health in adult men. Ninety-six adult men participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measures, including height, weight, chest, waist and hip circumference, and physical fitness parameters reflecting muscular strength, agility, flexibility, power, balance, and cardiopulmonary fitness were assessed. Whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. The results showed bone health outcomes to have a significant correlation with anthropometric and physical fitness parameters. Stepwise regression analysis proved physical fitness parameters explaining significant variance in bone health such as BMD and BMC to be focused on muscular strength, flexibility, and pulmonary function. Furthermore, anthropometric parameters including hip circumference can help explain BMC. The findings suggest that anthropometry and physical fitness can be used for the prediction of bone health in adult men.

scholarly journals The Importance of Sport in Aging Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ömer Can Göksu ◽  
Selami Yüksek ◽  
Vedat Ayan ◽  
Mehmet Şirin Güler
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
The One ◽  
Fitness Levels

The goal of the current study is to investigate the effects of past and current participation in sport and exercise on physical fitness levels of the elderly.In the current study, the participants were 849 males over the age of 60 who do daily life activities independently and do not have any serious health problems. Participants in the study were divided into 4 groups; those who did sports in their youth and now; (YYOY), those who did sports in theır youth, but now don’t do it now; (YYON), those who didn’t do sports in their youth but now do; (YNOY), and those who have never done any sports; (YNON). A personal information form was used for determine their relationships with sport earlier in life and and now. The protocol of Senior Fitness Test (SFT) consisting of 6 different stations was used to determine of physical fitness levels of participants. The One Way Anova and LSD test was used to analyse variables of differences between groups according to participation in sport early in life and now and the threshold for significance level was 0.05.There was statistically significant differences between physical fitness parameters of the groups “those who did sports in their younth, but now don't" (YYON) and ““Those who didi sports in their youth and now" (YYOY), only. The groups of “those who did sports, but now don't" (YYON) and “have never done sports" (YNON) have the lowest physical fitness levels (p<0,05).Physıcal exercise in terms of sports and exercises have positive effects on physical fitness levels but if the sport is not a life style, physical fitness levels from the exercise will be lost over time. Starting from this point of view, the expression “It doesn't matter what you did yesterday, what you’re doing today matters" is extremely important in relation to exercise and sport.

scholarly journals A Study About the Effect of 12 Week Aerobic Exercises on Certain Physical Fitness Parameters on Obese Housewives Living in Çankırı

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Raif Zileli ◽  
Mehmet Söyler
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Average Body

Thirty-four volunteer obese housewives, who have not done exercise regularly during the last six months and have had no health problems to prevent them from exercising, have participated in the study. For the participating volunteers (n = 34), their age averages have been determined as (39.30 ± 11.30 years), their average height have been determined as (166.40 ± 8.50 cm) and their average body weights have been determined as (82.44 ± 15.02 kg), their average BMIs have been determined as (26.03 ± 6.65 kg/m2) and their average body fat percentages have been determined as (32.17 ± 8.05 %). The volunteers have been given an aerobic exercise program at 75% an exercise intensity according to the Karvonen formula for 50 minutes a day and for 4 days a week during 12 weeks. Measurements (body weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage) of the volunteers have been taken at the beginning and the end of the 12-week aerobic program. The data have been analysed by using the SPSS 17.0 statistical package program. Statistical analyses have been made by using Wilcoxon Test and the significance value has been determined as p< 0.05.After the statistical analysis, statistically significant difference have been detected between the preliminary and the final test values of the subjects in terms of Body Weight (z=-5.08, p<0.05), Waist Circumference (z=-5.08, p<0.05), Body Fat Percentage (z=-4.71, p<0.05) and Body Mass Index (z=-4.57, p<0.05).As a result, it has been determined that aerobic exercise of 12 weeks in aerobic style has positive effects on physical fitness parameters of obese housewives. For this reason, the importance of the cost-free aerobic exercise in the right intensity for every age has been revealed again.

scholarly journals School-Based Nutrition Education Intervention Improves Nutrition Knowledge and Lipid Profile among Overweight/Obese Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Phyllis Addo ◽  
Eric Adua ◽  
Obed Akwaa Harrison ◽  
Rose Otema Baah ◽  
Alex Kojo Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Before And After

Many children in Ghana do not meet the dietary and physical activity recommendations for their health due to several reasons including limited nutrition education intervention (NEI) programmes. NEI provides children with information on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) required to ensure proper dietary intake and physical activity. In this intervention study, we recruited eighty (80) overweight and obese students aged 11-15 years from two schools in the Ga-East municipality of Ghana. Anthropometric, biochemical, dietary and physical activity information were collected on the two groups before and after three months of NEI. Between group comparisons (test and control); before and after interventions were performed using student t-tests. It was shown that NEI improved nutrition knowledge (mean change = 5.13, p<0.01), attitude (mean change = 2.75, p<0.01) but not practice (mean change = -1.42, p<0.05) in overweight and obese children. Although anthropometric indicators did not improve with NEI, serum lipid profile of participants improved as indicated by the following mean changes: TC [-1.22, 95%CI (-1.90 -0.55)] mg/dL, HDL-c [-0.19, 95% CI (-0.38, 0.00)] mg/dL, LDL-c [-0.90, 95%CI (-1.52, -0.28)] mg/dL and TG [(-0.66, 95%CI (-1.23, -0.09)] mg/dL. Our findings show that NEI undertaken within a relatively short period of time could have positive effects on lipid profile, knowledge and attitudes of school children, and in turn, promote the fight against childhood obesity, and improve the health and wellbeing of children.

scholarly journals A Short-Term Body Jump® Training Program Improves Physical Fitness and Body Composition in Young Active Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Sergio Sellés-Pérez ◽  
Miguel García-Jaén ◽  
Juan Manuel Cortell-Tormo ◽  
Roberto Cejuela
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Young Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Flight Height ◽  
Fitness Parameters

(1) Background: Body Jump® is a novel group fitness program with musical support, which is performed rebounding in a minitrampoline. Although the number of practitioners has increased exponentially in recent years, this activity’s short-term effects on physical fitness and body composition in women have not yet been studied. (2) Methods: 27 healthy young women were randomly divided into a Body Jump® group (BJ) and a control group (CG). BJ performed three classes per week for one month. The week before and after the intervention, the anthropometric assessments were carried out to estimate the body composition, and different performance tests were performed to assess the jumping capacity (countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) tests), the muscular strength (1RM test) and the aerobic fitness (UKK test). (3) Results: VO2 max (p = 0.001), CMJ flight height (p = 0.023), SJ flight height (p = 0.003) and the 1RM value in the half-squat exercise (p = 0.009) were significantly increased in BJ. In CG, there were no statistically significant differences after the intervention period. Regarding the changes in body composition, a significant enhancement in several parameters were found in BJ, such as the sum of skinfolds (p = 0.003) and the percentage of fat mass (p = 0.002), while no changes were found in any of the anthropometric variables in CG. (4) Conclusions: carrying out the Body Jump® program three days per week for one month had positive effects on physical fitness and body composition in a group of healthy young women. This training program can be an effective option for enhancing, in the short term, these fitness parameters and the body composition of these recreational users into the fitness centers.

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