scholarly journals Screening utilization of different natural prebiotic extracts by probiotic Lactobacillus sp. for development of synbiotic for aquaculture uses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (Aquaculture) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Ngoc Ut Vu ◽  
Hung Hai Vu ◽  
Thi Cam Tu Phan ◽  
Thi Tuyet Ngan Pham ◽  
Ngoc Ut Vu
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Bacterial Enzyme ◽  
Potato Extract ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp ◽  
Probiotic Activity

The study is aimed to develop a relevant synbiotic to promote growth performance of the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. For this, four common natural fiber extracts from Arcera banana, Siamese banana, yellow sweet potato, and white sweet potato were screened for supporting the growth of Lactobacillus sp. which was isolated from whiteleg shrimp intestines with probiotic activity, prebiotic score, and ability to induce bacterial enzyme activities of protease, leu-aminopeptidase, and a-amylase. Results showed that Lactobacillus sp. was able to utilize all extracts from banana and sweet potato as the sole carbon sources. At 24 hours of culture, the growth of Lactobacillus sp. was highest after adding the extract from white sweet potato as the sole carbon source. Considering pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio parahaemolyticus, white sweet potato extract had the highest prebiotic score with a mean of 0.25 as compared with those of V. harveyi with a mean of 0.16. White sweet potato extract induced the highest activities of protease. These results indicated that white sweet potato extract was more suitable for combining with Lactobacillus sp. as a synbiotic for shrimp culture.

scholarly journals Phycoerythrin from Colaconema sp. Has Immunostimulatory Effects on the Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and Increases Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and White Spot Syndrome Virus

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2371
Author(s):  
Po-Tsang Lee ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Chin-Yi Huang ◽  
Zi-Xuan Liu ◽  
Han-Yang Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp

We investigated whether phycoerythrin (PE), a pigment sourced from marine algae, could act as an immunomodulatory agent in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To this end, PE was extracted and purified from a PE-rich macroalgae, Colaconema sp. Our in vitro analysis demonstrated that PE enhanced prophenoloxidase and phagocytosis activity but inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species in hemocytes. Additionally, the PE signal could be detected using an in vivo imaging system after its injection into the ventral sinus of the cephalothorax of whiteleg shrimp. The expression profiles of fourteen immune-related genes were monitored in hemocytes from whiteleg shrimp injected with 0.30 μg of PE per gram of body weight, and crustin, lysozyme, penaiedin 4, and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor showed up-regulated post-stimulation. The induction of immune genes and enhancement of innate immune parameters by PE may explain the higher survival rates for shrimp that received different doses of PE prior to being challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus compared to controls. Combined, these results show that PE from Colaconema sp. can differentially stimulate the immune response of whiteleg shrimp in vitro and in vivo and could potentially be used as an immunomodulator in shrimp culture.

scholarly journals Marine sponge-associated bacteria as biocontrol agents of vibriosis on whiteleg shrimp caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
NEPTU ISLAMY RAHARJA ◽  
WIDANARNI ◽  
Aris Tri Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Sponge Associated Bacteria ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp

Abstract. Raharja NI, Widanarni, Wahyudi AT. 2019. Marine sponge-associated bacteria as biocontrol agents of vibriosis on whiteleg shrimp caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Biodiversitas 20: 3164-3169. Sponge-associated bacteria are commonly known as an excellent source of microbial's bioactive compounds attributed to biological properties, including antibacterial activity. In our previous study, 12 isolates from sponge Aaptos sp. and Hyrtios have been screened to have anti-Vibrio spp. activities in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluate these bacterial isolates for controlling Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in vivo, identify the most potential isolate, and analyze chemical composition of bacterial crude extract. As tested by pathogenicity assay on post-larvae of whiteleg shrimp stadia PL 10, all 12 isolates were not pathogenic bacteria as indicated by the survival rate of shrimps ranging from 80 ± 8.1 - 93 ± 4.7%. Conversely, more than 50% died after inoculated with pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus. Interestingly, all isolates could increase the survival rate of shrimps infected with V. parahaemolyticus (105 cells/mL) reach of 80 ± 0.8 - 91 ± 0.4%, nearly 40% higher than the positive control, as evaluated by challenge test. The best anti-Vibrio activity showed by D2.Z13 isolate which could improve the survival rate up to 91.11 ± 0.4%. 16S-rRNA-based identification showed that this isolate was closely related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1-4-b-9 strain. The extract derived from this isolate contained some major compounds such as 4,8-dihydroxy-2-2 (1’-hydroxyheptyl) and 1,2,4-oxadiazol which have been reported as antibacterial compounds. Our study indicates that these bacterial isolates could be developed as biocontrol agents of vibriosis in whiteleg shrimp.

Pengaruh Profilaksis Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.) terhadap Kadar Malondialdehida Hepar Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Karagenan

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
BRILIAN DINANTI ◽  
FITRI HANDAJANI
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intraplantar Injection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Potato Extract ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

<p>Liver is an organ with complex metabolism. When the liver is inflamed, cellular immunity will defend against inflammatory agents by stimulating immune cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS accumulation cause oxydative stress with increased  liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Some researches showed that purple sweet potato contain flavonoids (anthocyanins) that functioned as antioxydants. This study aimed to show the prophylactic effect of purple sweet potato extract to the liver MDA level of male Wistar rats induced by carrageenan.</p><p>This study used post-only control group method using 18 male Wistar rats divided into 3 groups: group of rats without treatment, group of rats induced by 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan by intraplantar injection on day-8, and group of rats given with 872 mg/kgBW of purple sweet potato extract for 7 days and induced by 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan. In the end of the study, the liver MDA levels were measured by Thio-Barbituric Acid method on each groups.</p><p>The results of One-Way ANOVA test showed there was no significant difference (p = 0,290) between group of rats without treatment (<em>x̅</em>= 207,50) and group of rats induced by carrageenan (<em>x̅</em>=233,17). Then, there is no significant difference (p = 0.978) between group of rats induced by carrageenan and group of rats given with prophylactic purple sweet potato extract and induced by carrageenan (<em>x̅</em>= 232,50).</p><p>The conclusion of this study is giving intraplantar injection of carrageenan can increase liver MDA level insignificantly and giving prophylactic purple sweet potato extract has an effect to decrease the liver MDA level of rats induced by carragenan insignificantly because it contains anthocyanins as antioxidants.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Liver, <em>Ipomoea batatas</em> L., Malondialdehyde, Anthocyanins

Pengaruh Pemberian Rebusan Daun Ubi Jalar Terhadap Kecukupan ASI Pada Ibu Menyusui Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Campurejo Kota Kediri

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weni Tri Purnani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Wilcoxon Sign Rank ◽  
Potato Extract ◽  
Sweet Potato Leaves

ABSTRAKASI merupakan sumber makanan yang mengandung nutrisi yang lengkap untuk bayi. Rendahnya cakupan ASI di Indonesia menyumbang akibat yang tidak baik bagi kesehatan bayi. Berdasarkan hasil survey pendahuluan, dari 10 ibu menyusui 6 (60%) diantaranya mengatakan bahwa pengeluaran ASI mereka tidak lancar. Salah satu solusi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan suplai ASI adalah dengan mengonsumsi daun ubi jalar yang dipercaya mengandung berbagai macam zat dan vitamin terutama vitamin A. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian rebusan daun ubi jalar terhadap kecukupan ASI pada ibu menyusui di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Campurejo Tahun 2016. Desain penelitian ini adalah pre eksperimental menggunakan rancangan pretest posttest design. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh sampel 20 orang menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner dan penilaian. uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji peringkat bertanda dari wilcoxon dengan nilai signifikasi α = 0,05. Hasil uji statistik dari Wilcoxon Sign Rank diperoleh nilai p value = 0,000 dengan taraf kesalahan (α =0,05) dapat dikatakan p ≤ α maka dapat disimpulakan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal ini berarti ada pengaruh pemberian rebusan daun ubi jalar terhadap kecukupan ASI pada ibu menyusui diwilayah kerja puskesmas campurejo kota Kediri tahun 2016. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan bagi tenaga kesehatan dapat  dijadikan sebagai masukan untuk menggunakan daun ubi jalar untuk meningkatkan kecukupan ASI dalam pengembangan pengobatan tradisional. Kata Kunci : Kecukupan ASI, Daun Ubi jalar, Menyusui   ABSTRACTBreast milk is a food source that contains a complete nutritions for infants. Coverage of breast milk in Indonesia is still very low. Based on the preliminary results of the survey, from 10 breastfeeding mothers, there are 6 (60%) breastfeeding mom of them say that their breast milk isn’t enough for the babies. There’s a rightest solution to increase the breast milk supply, such as; the breastfeeding mom should eat or consume the sweet potato leaves that believed contains various nutritions and vitamins, especially vitamin A. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of giving sweet potato extract to breast milk adequacy on breastfeeding mothers in work area clinic of Campurejo Kediri City in 2016. The research design of this study was pre-experimental that using pre-test and post-test design. In this study obtained 20 samples of people that using simple random sampling technique. The collecting of data is done by using a questionnaires and assessment. The test hypothesis is marked on the Wilcoxon rank test with significance value α = 0.05. The result of statistical test Wilcoxon Sign Rank obtained p value = 0.000 with a standard error (α = 0.05) can be said p ≤ α then it means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there is an effect of giving sweet potato extract to breast milk adequacy on breastfeeding mothers in work area clinic of Campurejo Kediri City in 2016. Based on the results is the researcher expecting for health workers can be used as input to use sweet potato leaves to improve the adequacy of breast milk in the development of traditional medicine. Keywords: Adequacy of Breast Milk, Sweet Potato Leaves, Breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Bacterial Biopolymer: Its Role in Pathogenesis to Effective Biomaterials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Sreejita Ghosh ◽  
Dibyajit Lahiri ◽  
Moupriya Nag ◽  
Ankita Dey ◽  
Tanmay Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Innovative Biomaterials ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Bacteria are considered as the major cell factories, which can effectively convert nitrogen and carbon sources to a wide variety of extracellular and intracellular biopolymers like polyamides, polysaccharides, polyphosphates, polyesters, proteinaceous compounds, and extracellular DNA. Bacterial biopolymers find applications in pathogenicity, and their diverse materialistic and chemical properties make them suitable to be used in medicinal industries. When these biopolymer compounds are obtained from pathogenic bacteria, they serve as important virulence factors, but when they are produced by non-pathogenic bacteria, they act as food components or biomaterials. There have been interdisciplinary studies going on to focus on the molecular mechanism of synthesis of bacterial biopolymers and identification of new targets for antimicrobial drugs, utilizing synthetic biology for designing and production of innovative biomaterials. This review sheds light on the mechanism of synthesis of bacterial biopolymers and its necessary modifications to be used as cell based micro-factories for the production of tailor-made biomaterials for high-end applications and their role in pathogenesis.

scholarly journals A Rapid and Sensitive Europium Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay Combined with Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Simultaneous Detection of Three Food-Borne Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4574
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Biao Ma ◽  
Jiali Li ◽  
Erjing Chen ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne

Food-borne pathogens have become an important public threat to human health. There are many kinds of pathogenic bacteria in food consumed daily. A rapid and sensitive testing method for multiple food-borne pathogens is essential. Europium nanoparticles (EuNPs) are used as fluorescent probes in lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) to improve sensitivity. Here, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with fluorescent LFIA was established for the simultaneous and quantitative detection of Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Escherichia coliO157:H7. In this work, the entire experimental process could be completed in 20 min at 37 °C. The limits of detection (LODs) of EuNP-based LFIA–RPA were 9.0 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL for Listeria monocytogenes, 7.0 CFU/mL for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and 4.0 CFU/mL for Escherichia coliO157:H7. No cross-reaction could be observed in 22 bacterial strains. The fluorescent LFIA–RPA assay exhibits high sensitivity and good specificity. Moreover, the average recovery of the three food-borne pathogens spiked in food samples was 90.9–114.2%. The experiments indicate the accuracy and reliability of the multiple fluorescent test strips. Our developed EuNP-based LFIA–RPA assay is a promising analytical tool for the rapid and simultaneous detection of multiple low concentrations of food-borne pathogens.

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