Community needs analysis on community preparedness related to health aspect in facing flash floods disaster in afdeling Gunung Pasar Jember

Community preparedness of Afdeling Gunung Pasang to face flash flood disasterPurposeThis research aimed to determine community needs to develop community preparedness on health aspect by needs awareness surveys to prevent flash flood disaster in Afdeling Gunung Pasang, Suci village, Panti district, in Jember.MethodsThis research was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The main informants were community members of Afdeling Gunung Pasang, and supporting informants were leaders of the community, heads of village offices, community stakeholders (local plantation industry) and disaster management stakeholders from the local government institution in Jember. Data were collected by focus group discussions, in depth interviews, and observation. Data validation used triangulation methods. ResultsMany kinds of needs awareness were found in the community, to develop community preparedness in health aspects. The community needs stimulus to prepare for disasters, such as training emergency response, fulfillment tools, disaster information, and coordination with stakeholders.ConclusionThe community needs to prepare health aspects in the event of disasters and observe dangerous zones in Afdeling Gunung Pasang.

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“Why Don’t You Go Into Suburbs? Why Are You Targeting Us?”: Trust and Mistrust in HIV Vaccine Trials in South Africa

Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics ◽

10.1177/1556264618804740 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 525-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Siyabonga Thabethe ◽

Catherine Slack ◽

Graham Lindegger ◽

Abigail Wilkinson ◽

Douglas Wassenaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Trial ◽

Hiv Vaccine ◽

Community Advisory Board ◽

Future Research ◽

Community Members ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Hiv Vaccine Trials ◽

Vaccine Trials ◽

Community Stakeholders ◽

Site Staff

Trust is a key element of high-quality stakeholder relations, which are themselves essential for the success of HIV vaccine trials. Where trust is absent, community stakeholders might not volunteer to become involved in key trial activities, and potential participants might not volunteer for enrollment. We explored site staff and Community Advisory Board (CAB) members’ experiences of trust/mistrust among community members and potential participants. We analyzed 10 focus group discussions with site staff and CAB members at two active South African HIV vaccine trial sites. We report on key characteristics perceived to contribute to the trustworthiness of communicators, as well as factors associated with mistrust. Attributes associated with trustworthy communicators included shared racial identity, competence, and independence (not being “captured”). Key foci for mistrust included explanations about site selection, stored samples, vaccination, and Vaccine Induced Sero-Positivity (VISP). Our findings suggest that community members’ trust is not necessarily global, in which trials are trusted or not; rather, it appears fairly nuanced and is impacted by various perceived attributes of communicators and the information they provide. We make recommendations for clinical trial site stakeholders invested in building trust and for future research into trust at these sites.

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The Meaning of Having an Autistic Child in Malay Family Indonesia

Unnes Journal of Public Health ◽

10.15294/ujph.v0i0.29527 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

Cau Kim Jiu ◽

Somporn Rungreangkulkij

Keyword(s):

Autistic Child ◽

Health Workers ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Autistic Children ◽

Community Members ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Study Results ◽

Second Category ◽

Depth Interviews

The condition of families with autistic children raises many views and judgments both from family and society. This ethnographic study aimed to describe the meaning of families and communities towards families with autistic children. Data were collected through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Key informants come from families who have autistic children and community members recruited by purposive sampling, while the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. This study results generate two categories of perception of the meaning of having autistic children. The first category was made by the families which comprises four themes such as 1) A test from God, 2) Destiny of God, 3) Autistic children different with other children, and 4) Children who need intensive helping. The second category was the perception made by the community members which consists of two themes, such as 1) Test for family, and 2) An autistic child as a holy child. This study further shows that culture is believed to determine how families and the members of the community perceive and interpret the existence of autistic children in the families so that it is very important for health workers to understand the culture that exists in the community.

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Community Perception about Children with Hydrocephalus in Lagos State, Nigeria

The Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology ◽

10.36108/njsa/0202/81(0101) ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 147-164

Author(s):

Mistura A. Bakare

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Education ◽

Health Belief ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Community Perception ◽

Community Members ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Key Informant ◽

Belief Model ◽

Depth Interviews

This study which was anchored in Health Belief Model and Functionalism investigated the perceived cause of hydrocephalus and the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on such perception. Data were collected through questionnaire survey, Focus group discussions (FDGs), In-depth Interviews (IDIs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). Results indicate that perception about the cause of the condition included that it is a kind of punishment for sin (50%), spiritual attacks (27.3%), genetic (13.7%) and infection (9%). Community perception was higher especially with respondents age 42-47 (OR=1.32), female (OR=1.47), tertiary education (OR=0.69), punishment for sin (OR=0.61), spiritual attacks (OR=0.26) and infection (OR=0.48) than genetic factor. Community belief that hydrocephalus does not require medical attention negatively affected seeking medical help early. Other limiting factors were fear of surgical complications, inability of mothers to take responsibility; poor family social supports system and stigmatisation. There is need for stakeholders and agencies to enlighten community members on hydrocephalus and provide social support for children with the condition.

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Komunitas Pedesaan di Malaysia : Masalah Dan Tantangan

Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) ◽

10.34007/jehss.v3i3.587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 1406-1414

Author(s):

Teuku Afrizal

Keyword(s):

Community Development ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Community Members ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Long Time ◽

The Government ◽

The Village ◽

Depth Interviews

Community development is an effort to improve the standard of living and quality of life of the community. The Wawasan Village Movement Program is a program that focuses on the development of rural human development towards a village that is more advanced, attractive and profitable. Even though in its implementation, community development is running smoothly and successfully. However, post-success needs to be maintained and sustainable. This article focuses on problems and challenges in the context of rural community development through the Wawasan Village Movement program. This article takes a case study in the Village of Shadow Keningau, Sabah Malaysia. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations. As well as documentation of published and unpublished materials. The article found several important facilitators who became problems and challenges after the successful implementation of the Village Movement Movement program in Keningau Shadow Village. This includes; (i) no further action from the government after the success; (ii) difficulty maintaining existing committees; (iii) idle and using assets for a long time; (iv loosening of social ties. In short, after the success of the government, it is necessary to give encouragement and encouragement to the Desa Bayangan community by making this village a model village. In addition, taking community members as facilitators in fostering other Wawasan Village Movement villages that are being fostered.

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The Dynamics of Gender: A Grassroots Perspective on Economic Resilience and Empowerment of the Tonga People in Kariba

Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) Humanities and Social Sciences ◽

10.33258/birci.v2i4.565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 115-124

Author(s):

Monica Monga ◽

Munyaradzi A Dzvimbo ◽

Tinashe M Mashizha

Keyword(s):

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Gender Mainstreaming ◽

Research Approach ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Community Members ◽

Economic Resilience ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Key Stakeholders ◽

Depth Interviews

This paper examines the dynamics of gender-differentiated effects of economic resilience on rural livelihoods and infrastructure improvements of the Tonga people who predominantly resides in North Western Zimbabwe. The paper interrogates men and women’s empowerment as well as their roles of transforming their lives through engaging in various economic activities and infrastructural development in Mola, Nyaminyami District, Zimbabwe. This study uses a qualitative research approach which is backed by both primary and secondary data collection methods which are underpinned by mixed methods approach involving observation, focus group discussions with community members and in-depth interviews with community leaders and key stakeholders. The study proffers that while economic resilience affects both men and women, it disproportionately affects the amount of work women have to do which has a profound bearing on their ability to innovate and transform their obsolete infrastructure at their disposal. Hence, the study recommends ways to foreground gender mainstreaming in order to address emerging gender related challenges emanating from stereotyping and prejudice, stakeholder engagement and partnerships in revamping existing infrastructure.

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‘Asram is really killing us here’: attribution for pregnancy losses and newborn mortality in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932020000322 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ashura Bakari ◽

April J. Bell ◽

Samuel Oppong ◽

Jessica Woodford ◽

Elizabeth Kaselitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Community Members ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Ashanti Region ◽

Community Health Nurses ◽

Depth Interviews

Abstract While overall neonatal mortality rates are improving in Ghana, the Ashanti Region has the highest mortality rate in the country. The clinical causes of newborn deaths are well known, yet local beliefs about illness aetiology, cause of death and care-seeking are less well understood. This exploratory qualitative study sought to understand how community members perceive and respond to neonatal illness. Researchers worked with public health nurses, community health nurses and opinion leaders in the Ashanti Region of Ghana to identify women who had lost a baby, either during pregnancy or after delivery. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted about knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding neonatal mortality. The transcripts were coded and analysed using NVivo 10.0. A total of 100 participants were interviewed: 24% reported a previous stillbirth; 37% reported a previous miscarriage; and 45% reported losing a baby who was born alive. Nine per cent experienced more than one type of loss. The local illness of asram – an illness with supernatural causes – was cited as a leading cause of death of newborns. Every participant reported hearing of, knowing someone, or having a child who had become ill with asram. While women gave varying information on symptoms, method of contraction and treatment, all participants agreed that asram was common and often fatal. Four overarching themes emerged: 1) asram is not a hospital sickness; 2) there is both a fear of traditional healers as a source of asram, as well as a reliance upon them to cure asram; 3) there are rural/urban differences in perceptions of asram; and 4) asram may serve as a mechanism of social control for pregnant women and new mothers. Local beliefs and practices must be better understood and incorporated into health education campaigns if neonatal mortality is to be reduced in Ghana.

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“Our culture prohibits some things”: Qualitative inquiry into how sociocultural context influences the scale up of community-based injectable contraceptives in Nigeria

10.1101/19010587 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Oluwaseun Akinyemi ◽

Bronwyn Harris ◽

Mary Kawonga

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Health Workers ◽

Scale Up ◽

Community Members ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Community Based ◽

Injectable Contraceptives ◽

Depth Interviews

AbstractObjectivesTo explore how sociocultural factors may support or impede the adoption of community-based distribution of injectable contraceptives in Nigeria.DesignA qualitative study based on a grounded theory approach was conducted through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions.SettingMost participants lived in Gombe State, North East Nigeria. Other participants were from Ibadan (South West) and Abuja (Federal capital territory).ParticipantsThrough seven key informant interviews, 15 in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions, 102 participants were involved in the study.MethodsThis study, conducted in 2016 was part of a larger study on scale up of community-based distribution of injectable contraceptives. Qualitative data were collected from traditional and religious leaders, health workers and community members. The data were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic framework method.ResultsSociocultural challenges to scale up included patriarchy and men’s fear of losing control over their spouses, traditional and religious beliefs about fertility, and myths about contraceptives and family planning. As a result of deep-rooted beliefs that children are ‘divine blessings’ and that procreation should not be regulated, participants described a subtle resistance to uptake of injectable contraceptives. Since Gombe is largely a patriarchal society, male involvement emerged as important to the success of meaningful innovation uptake. Community leaders largely described their participation in the scale up process as active, although they also identified scope for further involvement and recognition.ConclusionScale up is more than setting up health sector implementing structures, training health workers and getting innovation supplies, but also requires preparedness which includes paying attention to complex contextual issues. This requires the health system and those who work in it, to move beyond a narrow health ‘comfort zone’ by actively engaging with, and learning from, those who are leading, caring for and living in, the community.Strengths and limitations of this studyThe study participants represented a range of stakeholders - users of injectable contraceptives, community members, providers and health system managers.Our results highlighted that scale up is influenced by several socio-cultural factors; thus, showing the importance of paying attention to complex contextual issues during innovation uptake.The findings of our study emphasized how health systems and communities should interact in order to ensure successful scale up of health innovations.As with any qualitative study, the findings of this study are not statistically generalizable.FundingThis research was supported by the Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA). CARTA is jointly led by the African Population and Health Research Center and the University of the Witwatersrand and funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Grant No--B 8606.R02), Sida (Grant No:54100113), the DELTAS Africa Initiative (Grant No: 107768/Z/15/Z) and Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD). The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)’s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency) with funding from the Wellcome Trust (UK) and the UK government. The statements made and views expressed are solely the responsibility of the authors.Declarations of interestNone.

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Applying the Three Delays Model to understand emergency care seeking and delivery in rural Bangladesh: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042690 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e042690

Author(s):

Bansari Shah ◽

Nandita Krishnan ◽

Stephen R. Kodish ◽

Gayane Yenokyan ◽

Kaniz Fatema ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Emergency Care ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Community Members ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Rural Bangladesh ◽

Three Delays ◽

Depth Interviews

ObjectivesThe Three Delays Model has been commonly used to understand and prevent maternal mortality but has not been systematically applied to emergency medical conditions more generally. The objective of this study was to identify delays in emergency medical care seeking and delivery in rural Bangladesh and factors contributing to these delays by using the Three Delays Model as a framework.DesignA qualitative approach was used. Data were collected through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews using semistructured guides. Two analysts jointly developed a codebook iteratively and conducted a thematic analysis to triangulate results.SettingSix unions in Raiganj subdistrict of Bangladesh.ParticipantsEight focus group discussions with community members (n=59) and eight in-depth interviews with healthcare providers.ResultsDelays in the decision to seek care and timely receipt of care on reaching a health facility were most prominent. The main factors influencing care-seeking decisions included ability to recognise symptoms and decision-making power. Staff and resource shortages and lack of training contributed to delays in receiving care. Delay in reaching care was not perceived as a salient barrier. Both community members and healthcare providers expressed interest in receiving training to improve management of emergency conditions.ConclusionsThe Three Delays Model is a practical framework that can be useful for understanding barriers to emergency care and developing more tailored interventions. In rural Bangladesh, training community members and healthcare providers to recognise symptoms and manage acute conditions can reduce delays in care seeking and receiving adequate care at health facilities.

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THE JEWISH IDENTITIES OF TORONTO An Examination of Toronto Jewish Identity Construction Through an Analysis of UJA’s Annual Campaign 2012 ‘Jewish Toronto Lives Here’

10.32920/ryerson.14646780.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandra Mia Herzig Cuperfain

Keyword(s):

Grounded Theory ◽

Identity Construction ◽

Jewish Community ◽

Jewish Identity ◽

History Education ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Diverse Group ◽

Community Members ◽

Community Stakeholders ◽

The World

The Jewish identities of the Toronto Jewish community are complex, overlapping and multifaceted. United Jewish Appeal of Greater Toronto (UJA) is the main international Jewish philanthropy and the main Jewish philanthropic organization in Toronto. Through an examination of UJA’s 2012 annual campaign, ‘Jewish Toronto Lives Here,’ it is possible to explore how UJA has engaged in a dialogue with its community stakeholders and supporters to determine what Jewish identities exist in Toronto and construct what Jewish Toronto means. Using grounded theory to derive the identity concepts from UJA’s 2012 annual campaign, it is apparent that there are at least eight Jewish identities in Toronto in 2012. These identities relate to religion, ethnicity, history, education, preparing for the future, advocacy, repairing the world and Israel and are depicted in the campaign through references to UJA-supported institutions and initiatives. While UJA speaks to each of these identities in the campaign, the identities are never directly defined. This lack of definition enables UJA to oversee an inclusive and diverse Jewish community in Toronto. Through an application of Judith Butler’s gender theory and Martin Buber’s phenomenological approach to the data one can better comprehend how Jewish identity is potentially performed, while also being an intrinsic aspect of community members, in Jewish Toronto. UJA’s approach of non-definition and openness to different approaches to identity is a possible method that other organizations can look to when deciding how to communicate to a diverse group of stakeholders.

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