ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS GARLIC EXTRACT ON BETA-LACTAMASE PRODUCING ACINETOBACTER ISOLATES FROM SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS

Objective: The present study evaluates the antibacterial effect of aqueous garlic extract (AGE) on beta-lactamase producing Acinetobacter strains isolated from skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs).Methods: A total of 41 non-duplicate strains of Acinetobacter isolated from SSTIs specimens were tested for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Ceftazidime-resistant Acinetobacter strains were screened for beta-lactamase production by Phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) and E-test. Antibacterial activity of AGE was examined by the disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AGE and Cefotaxime was determined by the agar dilution technique. The combined activity of AGE and Cefotaxime was evaluated by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index by the checkerboard method.Results: 21 Acinetobacter strains were confirmed to be beta-lactamase producers, out of which 6 were Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producers, 3 were Ambler Class C (AmpC) and 12 were multiple beta-lactamase producers. AGE exhibited significant antibacterial activity as the observed zones of inhibition ranged from 18 - 31 mm against the test strains. The MIC of AGE was in the range of 0.5% - 2% (2.5 mg/ml – 10 mg/ml) with a mean of 0.86% (4.28 mg/ml). 11 test strains showed synergism, 5 strains exhibited additive and indifferent effect, each. By HPLC analysis the concentration of allicin was found to be 0.20, expressed as percentage w/w.Conclusion: It can be stated that aqueous garlic extract might have therapeutic value against beta-lactamase producing Acinetobacter isolates from SSTIs.

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IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF NEEM LEAVES ON EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE AND AMBLER CLASS C COPRODUCERS FROM SKIN AND SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.21754 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 210

Author(s):

Pratibha J Shah ◽

Manita T Williamson

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Class C

Objective: Clinical isolates coproducing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and Ambler Class C (AmpC) beta-lactamase are a therapeutic challenge. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica methanolic leaf extract against lactose fermenting coproducers of ESBL and AmpC isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs).Methods: A total of 88 non-duplicate lactose fermenting strains isolated from SSTIs specimens were tested for their antibiotic susceptibility pattern by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Ceftazidime and cefoxitin-resistant strains were screened for coproduction of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test and E-test. Antibacterial activity of methanolic neem leaf (NLM) extract was examined by the disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NLM was determined by the agar dilution technique.Results: Thirty-seven lactose fermenting strains were confirmed to be coproducers of ESBL and AmpC, out of which 27 were Escherichia coli and 10 were Klebsiella spp. The nimbin content in the neem leaf extract was found to be 0.007% (w/w) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The NLM extract showed inhibitory activity against all the 37 lactose fermenting isolates from SSTIs, coproducing ESBL and AmpC. The MIC of NLM extract was determined to be in the range of 4–8% (40–80 mg/ml) against the selected isolates.Conclusion: It can be stated that NLM extract might have therapeutic significance against coproducers of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase isolated from SSTIs.

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IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF NEEM LEAVES ON EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE AND AMBLER CLASS C COPRODUCERS FROM SKIN AND SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.21754 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 210

Author(s):

Pratibha J Shah ◽

Manita T Williamson

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Class C

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Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Terhadap Salmonella Typhi Resisten Kloramfenikol

JPSCR Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research ◽

10.20961/jpscr.v2i02.14386 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (02) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Ika Trisharyanti

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Tea Leaves ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Phaleria Macrocarpa

<em><span lang="EN-US">Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi, antibiotic chloramphenicol can be use to treatment, but S. typhi resistant with antibiotic choramphenicol so need to alternative treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of ten leaves against Salmonella typhi, and knowing the compounds contained in extracts of leaves that have the best antibacterial activity. The leaves was extracted with ethanol 96% by maceration method. Screening antibacterial activity used disk diffusion method with 10% extract concentration. The best antibacterial activity was determined Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration used liquid dilution method, identification test of compounds with thin-layer chromatograpy (TLC), and bioautografi test. There were six extracts had antibacterial activity against S. Typhi, Phaleria macrocarpa leaves, Acalypha siamensis leaves, cherry leaves, clove leaves, tea leaves, and Eugenia polyantha leaves. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration from clove leaf extract was 2,5%. The results of identification by TLC compounds were alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, and saponins. Based on bioautografi test, phenolic can inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi.</span></em>

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Preparation, characterization and antibacterial effect of 2-methoxy-6-(5-H/Me/Cl/No2-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenols and some transition metal complexes

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0905537t ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 74 (5) ◽

pp. 537-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Aydin Tavman ◽

Serkan Ikiz ◽

Funda Bagcigil ◽

Yakut Özgür ◽

A.K. Seyyal

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Transition Metal Complexes ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

1H And 13C Nmr ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Ft Ir

2-Methoxy-6-(5-H/methyl/chloro/nitro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenols (HLx; x = 1-4, respectively) ligands and HL1 complexes with Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3 and Zn(NO3)2 were synthesized and characterized. The structures of the compounds were confirmed based on elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the free ligands, their hydrochloride salts and the complexes were evaluated using the disk diffusion method in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the dilution method, respectively, against 9 bacteria. HL1 and HL3, as well as the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes, showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

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Antibacterial Activities of Some Schiff Bases Involving Thiosemicarbazide and Ketones

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.26.53 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.M.S. Shariar ◽

M. Jesmin ◽

M.M. Ali

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Schiff Bases ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method

Three Schiff bases derived from thiosemicarbazide and ketones (Vanillin, Benzophenone and Acetophenone) were used to study their antibacterial activities against some pathogenic bacteria by disc diffusion method. Of these, benzophenone thiosemicarbazone showed significant antibacterial activity as compared with that of Kanamycin. All these three compounds were found to possess cytotoxic effect. Minimum inhibitory concentration of these compounds was also determined.

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The mechanism of antibacterial activity of corylifolinin against three clinical bacteria from Psoralen corylifolia L

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2018-0091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 882-889 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nan He ◽

Juan Zhou ◽

Miyun Hu ◽

Changyang Ma ◽

Wenyi Kang

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Extracellular Protein ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antibacterial Mechanism ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Scanning Electron

AbstractEffective antibacterial activity against Grampositive bacteria isolated in clinical strains was exhibited when corylifolinin was tested using the Disc diffusion method (K-B method). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of corylifolinin against Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Methcillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum β-lactamases Staphylococcus aureus (ESBLs-SA) were 0.078, 0.156 and 0.078 mg/mL, respectively. The minimum bactericide concentrations (MBCs) were 0.156, 0.156 and 0.078 mg/mL respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and bacterial extracellular protein leakage were used to investigate the antibacterial mechanism of corylifolinin. After adding corylifolinin at the MBC level, there were obvious changes to the Staphylococcus aureus of bacteria cells. Both MIC level and MBC levels of corylifolinin led to the leakage of AKP and bacterial extracellular protein.

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Detection of Methicillin ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Vancomycin forStaphylococcus aureusIsolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples of the Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2017/2191532 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Raghabendra Adhikari ◽

Narayan Dutt Pant ◽

Sanjeev Neupane ◽

Mukesh Neupane ◽

Roshan Bhattarai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of cefoxitin disc diffusion method and oxacillin broth microdilution method for detection of methicillin resistantS. aureus(MRSA), taking presence of mecA gene as reference. In addition, inducible clindamycin resistance and beta-lactamase production were studied and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin forS. aureusisolates was determined. A total of 711 nonrepeated pus/wound swab samples from different anatomic locations were included in the study. TheStaphylococcus aureuswas identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram’s stain, and biochemical tests. A total of 110 (15.47%)S. aureusisolates were recovered, of which 39 (35.50%) isolates were identified as MRSA by cefoxitin disc diffusion method. By oxacillin broth microdilution method, 31.82% of theStaphylococcus aureusisolates were found to be MRSA. However, mecA gene was present in only 29.1% of the isolates. Further, beta-lactamase production was observed in 71.82% of the isolates, while inducible clindamycin resistance was found in 10% ofS. aureusisolates. The MIC value of vancomycin forS. aureusranged from 0.016 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL. On the basis of the absolute sensitivity (100%), both phenotypic methods could be employed for routine diagnosis of MRSA in clinical microbiology laboratory; however cefoxitin disc diffusion could be preferred over MIC method considering time and labour factor.

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In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research ◽

10.24896/eijppr.2016641 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Sushma Vashisht ◽

Manish Pal Singh ◽

Viney Chawla

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Shorea Robusta ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

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In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.04.0011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (04) ◽

pp. 4512

Author(s):

Jackie K. Obey ◽

Anthoney Swamy T* ◽

Lasiti Timothy ◽

Makani Rachel

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

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Evaluation of the in vitro antibacterial activity of some essential oils and their blends against Staphylococcus spp. isolated from episodes of sheep mastitis

RENDICONTI LINCEI ◽

10.1007/s12210-021-00991-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Filippo Fratini ◽

Margherita Giusti ◽

Simone Mancini ◽

Francesca Pisseri ◽

Basma Najar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Thymus Serpyllum

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are among the major causes of mastitis in sheep. The main goal of this research was to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of several essential oils (EOs, n 30), then five of them were chosen and tested alone and in blends against staphylococci isolates. Five bacteria were isolated from episodes of ovine mastitis (two S. aureus and three S. xylosus). Biochemical and molecular methods were employed to identify the isolates and disk diffusion method was performed to determine their antimicrobial-resistance profile. The relative percentage of the main constituents in the tested essential oils and their blends was detected by GC-EIMS analysis. Antibacterial and bactericidal effectiveness of essential oils and blends were evaluated through minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). All of them showed sensitivity to the used antimicrobials. The EOs with the highest antibacterial activity were those belonging to the Lamiaceae family characterized by high concentrations of thymol, carvacrol and its precursor p-cymene, together with cinnamon EO, rich in cinnamaldehyde. In terms of both MIC and MBC values, the blend composed by Thymus capitatus EO 40%, Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO 20%, Thymus serpyllum EO 20% and Satureja montana EO 20% was found to be the most effective against all the isolates. Some essential oils appear to represent, at least in vitro, a valid tool against ovine mastitis pathogens. Some blends showed a remarkable effectiveness than the single oils, highlighting a synergistic effect in relation to the phytocomplex.

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