scholarly journals INSECTICIDAL, ANTIBACTERIAL, AND ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY OF NICOTIANA PLUMBAGINIFOLIA VIV. (SOLANACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Prashith Kekuda Tr ◽  
Raghavendra Hl ◽  
Rajesh Mr ◽  
Avinash Hc
Keyword(s):  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nicotiana Plumbaginifolia ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
The Family ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Dose Dependent

  Objectives: Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv. belongs to the family Solanaceae. The present study was carried out to determine insecticidal, antibacterial, and antiradical activity of aerial parts of N. plumbaginifolia.Methods: Extraction was carried out by maceration process using methanol. Insecticidal activity was assessed, in terms of larvicidal effect, against II and IV instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against a panel of 7 bacteria by agar well diffusion assay. Antiradical activity was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays.Results: The extract was found to cause dose-dependent mortality of larvae of A. aegypti. The lethal concentration 50 value of extract for II and IV instar larvae was found to be 0.41 and 0.99 mg/ml, respectively. Extract was effective in inhibiting all bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria displayed marked susceptibility when compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli were susceptible to highest and least extent, respectively. Extract scavenged both DPPH radicals and ABTS radicals dose dependently. Extract scavenged ABTS radicals more efficiently (inhibitory concentration [IC50] value 13.51 μg/ml) when compared to DPPH radicals (IC50 value 17.43 μg/ml).Conclusions: The plant N. plumbaginifolia appears to be a promising resource for developing agents with insecticidal, antibacterial, and antiradical activity. The observed bioactivities could be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals which are to be isolated, characterized, and subjected for bioactivity determinations. The plant can be used to prevent arboviral diseases, infectious diseases, and oxidative damage.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIRADICAL AND INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF GARDENIA GUMMIFERA L. F. (RUBIACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashith Kekuda T. R. ◽  
Raghavendra H. L. ◽  
Shilpa M. ◽  
Pushpavathi D. ◽  
Tejaswini Petkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate antimicrobial, antiradical and insecticidal potential of leaf and fruit of Gardenia gummifera L. f. (Rubiaceae).Methods: The leaf and fruits were shade dried, powdered and extracted by maceration process using methanol. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria by Agar well diffusion assay. Antifungal activity was determined against six seed-borne fungi by Poisoned food technique. Antiradical activity of leaf and fruit extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. Insecticidal activity of leaf and fruit extracts, in terms of larvicidal and pupicidal activity, was assessed against larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti.Results: Both the extracts inhibited all test bacteria. Marked antibacterial activity was displayed by fruit extract when compared to leaf extract. S. epidermidis and E. coli were inhibited to highest and least extent by both extracts respectively. Fruit extract was found to exhibit higher antifungal effect when compared to leaf extract. Leaf extract and fruit extract exhibited highest inhibitory activity against A. niger and A. flavus respectively. Leaf and fruit extracts scavenged DPPH radical’s dose dependently with an IC50 value of 49.01µg/ml and 2.53µg/ml respectively. The scavenging of ABTS by leaf and fruit extracts was dose dependent and the IC50 value for leaf and fruit extract was 2.58µg/ml and 2.31µg/ml respectively. Fruit extract was shown to exhibit marked antiradical activity when compared to leaf extract. Leaf and fruit extracts exhibited dose dependent insecticidal activity in terms of larvicidal and pupicidal activity and the susceptibility of larvae and pupae to extracts was in the order II instar larvae>IV instar larvae>pupae. Fruit extract displayed marked insecticidal potential when compared to leaf extract.Conclusion: Overall, fruit extract of G. gummifera exhibited marked antimicrobial, antiradical and insecticidal activity when compared to leaf extract. The plant can be used for developing agents/formulations effective against infectious microorganisms, oxidative stress and insect vectors that transmit dreadful diseases. The observed bioactivities could be ascribed to the presence of active principles which are to be isolated and characterized.

Antioxidant Activity of the Flower of Nyctanthes arbor tristis L.

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma S Vankar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Harshingar, Parijat) belongs to the family Oleaceae. The flower has white petals with an orange calyx. Nyctanthes stems have been found to be a rich source of antioxidant. The aqueous extracts of the flower, calyx and petals were evaluated and found to be dose-dependent and showed an increase in DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. The extracts, which showed strong DPPH radical scavenging activity, are in the order Calyx > flower > petals. This signifies that the main antioxidant activity is in the orange colored calyx of the flower. We have attempted an innovative study with the Nyctanthes flower as a part of an exploration for a cheap natural source of antioxidants which can be used at the industrial scale of the food industry.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity of Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb.) Engl. (Dichapetalaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
GS Priyanka ◽  
Nitish A Bharadwaj ◽  
MB Sachin ◽  
TR Prashith Kekuda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Poisoned Food Technique ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objectives: Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb.) Engl. belongs to the family Dichapetalaceae. In the present study, we investigated antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of leaf and fruit of D. gelonioides. Methods: Maceration process was carried out for extraction of leaf and fruit of D. gelonioides. Agar well diffusion method was employed to evaluate antibacterial activity of extracts against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Poisoned food technique was performed to investigate antifungal activity of extracts against two seed-borne fungi. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reducing assays.  Results: Both leaf and fruit extracts were effective in causing inhibition of all test bacteria. Highest and least inhibitory activity was observed against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli respectively. Both Aspergillus niger and Bipolaris sp. were inhibited to >50% by leaf and fruit extracts. Extent of inhibition of Bipolaris sp. was slightly higher when compared to A. niger. Both leaf and fruit extracts showed a dose dependent scavenging of DPPH radicals with high activity being showed by leaf extract. Leaf extract was shown to exhibit marked reducing potential than fruit extract. Conclusions: Overall, leaf extract was shown to be more effective in displaying antioxidant activity and causing inhibition of bacteria and fungi when compared to fruit extract. The results indicate that the plant possess active principles which are to be purified, characterized and subjected for antimicrobial and antioxidant assays in further studies. Keywords: Dichapetalum gelonioides, Maceration, Agar well diffusion, Poisoned food technique, DPPH, Ferric reducing

Pharmacognostic Profile, In-vitro Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Ethanolic Fruit Extract of Pyrus communis L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Singh ◽  
Meenakshi Bajpai ◽  
Pradeep Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: The ethanolic extract of Pyrus communis L. fruit (EEPC) was assessed for hepatoprotective and in vitro antiradical activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat’s liver. Methods: The degree of hepatoprotection was screened by measuring biochemical parameters including serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total albumin (TA), total protein (TP) and total bilirubin (TB). The antiradical activity was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide free radical scavenging property. The hepatoprotective effects of the extract were compared with Silymarin used as a standard drug (100 mg/kg, p.o, bodyweight). Results: The ethanolic extract of the fruit has the capabilities to scavenge the free radicals, in vitro respectively. Additionally, the ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p.o, bodyweight) exhibited marked hepatoprotective action in respect of CCl4 intoxicated rodents in a dose-dependent manner. EEPC at a dose of 400mg/kg could afford significant dose-dependent protection against CCl4 induced hepatocellular injury. Conclusion: Biochemical samples obtained from the animals treated with ethanolic extracts (400mg/kg, body weight) showed a significant decrease in the levels of serum markers indicating the hepatic cell protection.

Amelioration Effect of Carica papaya Fruit Extracts on Doxorubicin – induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Papaya (Carica papaya Linn) belongs to the family Caricaceae. Papaya is commonly known for its food and nutritional values throughout the world. Papaya possess excellent medicinal properties for treatment of different ailments. This article focuses on the antioxidant, free radical scavenging activity and antitoxin activity of papaya. The antioxidant activity of Carica papaya Fruits, have the highest of reducing power which were 184.15, 151.19 and139.52 %, at the concentrations of 40mg/ml, of methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extract, respectively. Also, when using (DPPH), of the same extract, the IC50 value were 0.809, 0.832 and 0.896 at the concentrations of 40mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the study showed the active effect of plant extracts as antitoxin when tested on rats.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, free-radical-scavenging and insecticidal activities of the aerial parts of Stachys byzantina

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Asnaashari ◽  
A. Delazar ◽  
Seyed Alipour ◽  
L. Nahar ◽  
Angela Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
The Family

Stachys byzantina K. Koch. is an Iranian endemic species of the genus Stachys L., which comprises about 300 species, and is one of the largest genera of the family Lamiaceae. A combination of solid phase extraction (SPE) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of S. byzantina afforded three phenylethanoids, 2'-O-arabinosyl verbascoside (1), verbascoside (2), aeschynanthoside C (3) and three flavones apigenin 7-O-glucoside (4), apigenin 7-O-(6-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside (5) and apigenin (6). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods. Free-radical-scavenging and insecticidal properties of the crude extracts, the fractions and the isolated compounds were assessed. .

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activity of Alternathera sessilis and Moringa oleifera

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Ishwor Pathak ◽  
Rabin Budhathoki ◽  
Nisha Yadav ◽  
Muna Niraula ◽  
Surya Kant Kalauni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Methanol and hexane extracts of leaves of Moringa oleifera and aerial parts of Alternanthera sessilis were screened for the presence of different classes of phytoconstituents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, terpenoids, polyphenols, glycosides, and coumarins in methanol extracts. Volatile oils, quinines, and phytosterols were absent in all extracts and saponins were present in all extracts. The biological activity of all the extracts was tested by performing brine shrimp bioassay. All the extracts except hexane extract of Moringa oleifera were found to be cytotoxic against brine shrimp nauplii. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Methanol extracts of Moringa oleifera showed the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 65.77 μg/mL. Regarding the ascorbic acid (IC50 value 39.53 μg/mL) as standard, methanol extracts of both plants showed high free radical scavenging activity than that of hexane extracts.

scholarly journals Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of various extracts of aerial parts of Fagonia indica Burm. F.

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-797
Author(s):  
Atiq-ur-Rehman ◽  
Abida Latif ◽  
Nasir Abbas ◽  
Imran Waheed ◽  
Atta-ur-Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Purpose: To investigate in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potentials of Fagonia indica Burm.f. Var. indica in order to provide scientific evidence for its traditional use. Methods: Cold maceration method was employed for the preparation of extracts of aerial parts of the plant using chloroform, n-hexane, methanol and water as solvents. Total flavonoid and polyphenolic content of various extracts were determined by standard methods. The antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of the extracts were determined using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and in vitro αglucosidase (maltase) inhibitory assays, respectively. Results: Preliminary results indicated the presence of various phytochemicals in the extracts. The chloroform extract exhibited the highest contents of total flavonoids (65.98 ± 1.63 mg QE/g) and polyphenols (26.75 ± 1.09 mg GAE/g). This extract also showed the highest free radical scavenging (64.74 ± 1.43 %) with IC50 value of 34.18 ± 5.57 µg/mL while the methanol extract exerted the highest αglucosidase (maltase) inhibitory activity (45.22 ± 0.46 %) with half-maximal concentration (IC50) of 220.4 ± 0.41 µg/mL. Conclusion: The extracts of the aerial parts of Fagonia indica possess significant anti-diabetic and antioxidant effect, thus justifying the traditional use of the plant for treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals An investigation of bioactive and free radical scavenging potential of moringa Oliefera leaf extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1575-1579
Author(s):  
Uzma Sayyed ◽  
Pratibha Pandey ◽  
Rohit K. Tiwari ◽  
Rafia Shekh ◽  
Preeti Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Dose Dependent

Moringa oleifera Lam, commonly known as Sehjan belongs to the Moringaceae family. It is widely used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. This study was an attempt to evaluate the morphological characteristics, percent yield, the bioactive and antioxidant potential of M. oleifera leaves that would help in elucidating a promising therapeutic and curative agent for the treatment of different ailments. The maximum percentage yield was obtained in methanolic extract (29.55%) of M. oliefera leaves. Qualitative analysis also revealed the maximum presence of all the metabolites in methanolic extract. Quantitative analysis revealed an appreciable presence of phenol (53.1 mg/g) flavonoids (47.7mg/g) and carotenoids (16.46 mg/g) in M. oleifera leaves. The methanolic extract had shown the maximum antioxidant potency in a dose-dependent manner during the evaluation of enzymatic (SOD and CAT) and nonenzymatic (DPPH and FRAP) antioxidants with minimum IC50 value. Thus, it could be concluded from the present study that methanolic leaf extract of M. oliefera could be amongst the principle extract for the antioxidant activity of M. oliefera, which could be used for the treatment of several ailments.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Plectaranthus amboinicus Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Deri Islami ◽  
Hilwan Yuda Teruna ◽  
Yum Eryanti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) is a perennial plant belonging to the family of Lamiaceae which have been widely used in traditional herbal medicine. In the present study, the extracts of the leaves of P. amboinicus that was extracted by different solvents were evaluated for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The fresh leaves of the plant were extracted using subsequent methanol, n-hexane and dichloromethane. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and the antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion assay. The results of antioxidant activity test showed that dichloromethane extract of the leaves had the highest antioxidant activity among all with  IC50 value of 50.2 μg/mL Methanol and n-hexane extracts were still active in DPPH with IC50 value of 71.3 μg/mL and 205.9 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the dichloromethane and methanol ektracts have shown a promising antibacterial activity in E. coli. The findings indicated that dichloromethane and methanol extracts of the leaves of P. amboinicus were potential further study as herbal medicine as they showed high antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

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