scholarly journals A COMPARISON BETWEEN BIOSORPTION AND BIOACCUMULATION OF FLUORIDE FROM WASTE WATER.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Tej Pratap Singh ◽  
Majumder Cb
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Lemon Peel ◽  
Kinetic Result ◽  
Drastic Increase

 Objective: The comparison between the properties of two removal methods viz. adsorptive removal (biosorption) and simultaneous adsorption and bioaccumulation (SAB) of fluoride from waste water was investigated.Methods: In the present study, bioaccumulation study was done on Sweet Lemon peel. Acinetobacter baumannii (Mtcc no-11451) is a water living microorganism which survives in waste water. Microorganism (Acinetobacter baumannii (Mtcc no-11451)) immobilized on the surface of Sweet Lemon peel. The size of microorganism is greater than the pore size of adsorbent. Active sites of the adsorbent are blocked due to immobilization of microorganism on the surface of adsorbent. Different optimizing parameters are studied during the experiments like adsorbent dose, pH, initial concentration and contact time for bio bioaccumulation process.Results: It was observed that adsorption and bioaccumulation process execute simultaneously but mainly bioaccumulation is responsible for removal of fluoride. The removal efficiency of fluoride sees a drastic increase from 59.59 % to 99.49 % in optimum conditions. It is to be noted that simple adsorption process removal efficiency was 95.795 % at optimum time (60 min), pH 4.0 and dose 10 g/l. Adsorption isotherm parameters are well fitted for Freundlich whereas simple adsorption follow Langmuir isotherm model.Conclusion: The removal of fluoride occurred due to the accumulation by bacteria. Kinetic result revealed that bioaccumulation is a slower process. Bioaccumulation process increase the removal efficiency but it is very time consuming and costly as compare to the simple adsorption process.

Orthogonal Experiments for Optimizing Adsorption Process of Methyl Orange onto Granular Activated Carbon

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1639-1644
Author(s):  
Wei Fang Dong ◽  
Li Hua Zang ◽  
Qi Lei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Methyl Orange Dye ◽  
Influence Degree

This study investigated the treatment of methyl orange dye from aqueous solution with granular activated carbon as sorbents. Adsorption experiments were carried out at different contact time, the dosage of granular activated carbon, pH and initial dye concentration.Orthogonal experiment was designed to analyze the influence degree of operating parameters for optimizing adsorption process. The results demonstrated that the dosage of granular activated carbon had the greatest impact on the removal efficiency of methyl orange , followed by pH, contact time and initial concentration of methyl orange . The granular activated carbon possessed good adsorption capacity to methyl orange which the removal efficiency could reached 98.06% at the optimum dosage 4g and optimum time 90min.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic, Kinetic and Isotherm Study of 4-chloro-2-methyl Phenoxy Acetic Acid (MCPA) by (PV/S-g-3D-GO/N) from Aquatic Solutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Hajighasemkhan ◽  
Elham Moniri ◽  
Lobat Taghavi ◽  
Homayon Ahmad Panahi ◽  
Amir Hessam Hassani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Inlet Concentration ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Phenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Isotherm Study ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract BackgroundIn this study removal efficiency of 4-chloro-2-methyl-phenoxy acetic acid (MCPA) by 3D polymer nano-magnetic (PV/S-g-3D-GO/N) was investigated.MethodsThe effects of operation parameters including adsorbent mass, influent flow rate and inlet concentration on the adsorption performance are investigated.ResultsMaximum adsorption capacity (4.36 mg/g) was achieved at optimum conditions (pH: 3, contact time: 300 min, adsorbent dosage: 5 g/l and temperature: 50 °C). Moreover, adsorption isotherm and kinetics were agreed with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.997) and pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.999), respectively. Thermodynamic studies also show that adsorption process was spontaneous (ΔG < 0) and endothermic (ΔH > 0).ConclusionAccording to removal efficiency (100%), this adsorbent is an excellent alternative for removal herbicide in high temperature industry.

scholarly journals Serbuk Dari Limbah Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras Sebagai Adsorben Terhadap Logam Timbal (Pb)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Dewi Satriani ◽  
Purnama Ningsih ◽  
Ratman Ratman
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Optimum Weight ◽  
Pb Concentration

The aim of this study is to determine the optimum time and weight required for eggshell powder when it absorbs Pb, and to determine the adsorption capacity of the eggshell powder at the optimum condition for Pb with the shaking time variation of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes. The weight variation of adsorbent is 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1 and 1.25 grams. The work steps in this study were production of the eggshell powder as the adsorbent, making of a solution of Pb 60 ppm, and determination the Pb concentration at equilibrium using a spectrophotometer spektrodirect respectively. The results obtained after the adsorption process for the time variation was 30 minutes, this optimum time giving %Pb absorbed was 94.65%. The weight variation of adsorbent is 1 gram, this optimum weight giving %Pb absorbed was 98.91%. Furthermore, the absorption capacity adsorbent of eggshell powder in both optimum conditions was 0.078 mg Pb/mg adsorbent.

REVIEWS OF ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS ON WASTE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taty Hernaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Waste water treatment by industry usually uses chemicals that may lead to additional environmental pollution load. On the other hand, water demand increases and environmental regulations regarding waste water disposal requirements that apply more stringent. It is necessary for waste treatment technique that accommodate this requirement. Electrocoagulation process is a technique of wastewater treatment that has been chosen because the technique is environmentally friendly. This paper will review some of the research or application electrocoagulation process which is conducted on industrial waste water. Types of industrial waste water that is to be reviewed include: industries batik, sarongs, textiles, palm oil, slaughterhouses, food, leather tanning, laundry, pulp and paper. Overview reviewed in this research include the waste water treatment process in several processing variations such as: change in time, electricity and kind of electrodes. The results of the research with electrocoagulation process in the industry are the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, Chrome, phosphate, surfactants, color turbidity influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. The results of the study with electrocoagulation process in the industry is the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, chromium, phosphate, surfactant, turbidity color that are influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. It is hoped the information presented in this article can be a reference for similar research for the improvement of research on the process ektrokoagulasi.Key words: elektrocoagulation, removal eficiency, environmental friendly

New method for enhanced reactivation of anaerobic plants

2016 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Hans-Joachim Jördening ◽  
Ralph-Matthias Schoth ◽  
Charlotte Pipper ◽  
Runi Egholm
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Expected Increase

A major problem in anaerobic waste-water treatment results from difficulties with the mixing of sludge, when it has settled after periods of standstill. A new method for reactivating those plants is discussed in this paper. In a technical anaerobic plant (volume 9600 m3) a control problem led to a breakdown of the process, connected with a drastic increase of the reactor COD. The load to the reactor was temporarily stopped to remove the inhibiting conditions. Restart with low loading rates and addition of new sludge did not lead to the expected increase in performance. The main problem was to suspend the sludge layer, which was settled on the bottom of the reactor. For activating the sludge layer feed “shots” were added up to three times per day. These shots consisted of volume streams of high loaded waste-water, up to five times bigger than the normal stream at that time and lasting for 1 h. The shots provided the sludge layer much better with substrate and caused biogas formation which itself led to a suspension of bacterial flocs. The same strategy was applied again successfully for reactivating a second anaerobic 10,000 m3 reactor.

Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Lois T. Arowoyele ◽  
Samuel Ogunniyi ◽  
Comfort A. Adeyanju ◽  
Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Elephant Grass

Background: The presence of pollutants in polluted water is not singularized hence pollutant species are constantly in competition for active sites during the adsorption process. A key advantage of competitive adsorption studies is that it informs on the adsorbent performance in real water treatment applications. Objective: This study aims to investigate the competitive adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) using elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) biochar and hybrid biochar from LDPE. Method: The produced biochar was characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of adsorption parameters, equilibrium isotherm modelling and parametric studies were conducted based on data from the batch adsorption experiments. Results: For both adsorbents, the removal efficiency was >99% over the domain of the entire investigation for dosage and contact time suggesting that they are very efficient for removing multiple heavy metals from aqueous media. It was observed that removal efficiency was optimal at 2 g/l dosage and contact time of 20 minutes for both adsorbent types. The Elovich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic models were best-fit for the competitive adsorption process. Conclusion: The study was able to successfully reveal that biomass biochar from elephant grass and hybrid biochar from LDPE can be used as effective adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. This study bears a positive implication for environmental protection and solid waste management.

scholarly journals Enhanced catalytic ozonation of ibuprofen using a 3D structured catalyst with MnO2 nanosheets on carbon microfibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guhankumar Ponnusamy ◽  
Hajar Farzaneh ◽  
Yongfeng Tong ◽  
Jenny Lawler ◽  
Zhaoyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Structured Catalyst ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Carbon Microfibers

AbstractHeterogeneous catalytic ozonation is an effective approach to degrade refractory organic pollutants in water. However, ozonation catalysts with combined merits of high activity, good reusability and low cost for practical industrial applications are still rare. This study aims to develop an efficient, stable and economic ozonation catalyst for the degradation of Ibuprofen, a pharmaceutical compound frequently detected as a refractory pollutant in treated wastewaters. The novel three-dimensional network-structured catalyst, comprising of δ-MnO2 nanosheets grown on woven carbon microfibers (MnO2 nanosheets/carbon microfiber), was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach. Catalytic ozonation performance of Ibuprofen removal in water using the new catalyst proves a significant enhancement, where Ibuprofen removal efficiency of close to 90% was achieved with a catalyst loading of 1% (w/v). In contrast, conventional ozonation was only able to achieve 65% removal efficiency under the same operating condition. The enhanced performance with the new catalyst could be attributed to its significantly increased available surface active sites and improved mass transfer of reaction media, as a result of the special surface and structure properties of this new three-dimensional network-structured catalyst. Moreover, the new catalyst displays excellent stability and reusability for ibuprofen degradation over successive reaction cycles. The facile synthesis method and low-cost materials render the new catalyst high potential for industrial scaling up. With the combined advantages of high efficiency, high stability, and low cost, this study sheds new light for industrial applications of ozonation catalysts.

scholarly journals A new biocompatible ternary Layered Double Hydroxide Adsorbent for ultrafast removal of anionic organic dyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Rathee ◽  
Amardeep Awasthi ◽  
Damini Sood ◽  
Ravi Tomar ◽  
Vartika Tomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxide ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Double Hydroxide

Abstract It would be of great significance to introduce a new biocompatible Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) for the efficient remediation of wastewater. Herein, we designed a facile, biocompatible and environmental friendly layered double hydroxide (LDH) of NiFeTi for the very first time by the hydrothermal route. The materialization of NiFeTi LDH was confirmed by FTIR, XRD and Raman studies. BET results revealed the high surface area (106 m2/g) and the morphological studies (FESEM and TEM) portrayed the sheets-like structure of NiFeTi nanoparticles. The material so obtained was employed as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of organic dyes from synthetic waste water. The dye removal study showed >96% efficiency for the removal of methyl orange, congo red, methyl blue and orange G, which revealed the superiority of material for decontamination of waste water. The maximum removal (90%) of dyes was attained within 2 min of initiation of the adsorption process which supported the ultrafast removal efficiency. This ultrafast removal efficiency was attributed to high surface area and large concentration of -OH and CO32− groups present in NiFeTi LDH. In addition, the reusability was also performed up to three cycles with 96, 90 and 88% efficiency for methyl orange. Furthermore, the biocompatibility test on MHS cell lines were also carried which revealed the non-toxic nature of NiFeTi LDH at lower concentration (100% cell viability at 15.6 μg/ml). Overall, we offer a facile surfactant free method for the synthesis of NiFeTi LDH which is efficient for decontamination of anionic dyes from water and also non-toxic.

scholarly journals Experimental studies on equilibrium adsorption isosteres and determination of the thermodynamic quantities of polar media on alumina Al2O3

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albena Yonova
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Surface Acidity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Heat Of Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Adsorption ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Isosteric Heat Of Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Isosteres

Abstract The present work is a revieif of theoretical and experimental study on the adsorption performance of the adsorbent Alumina (Al2O3) used in the adsorption system. An experimental investigation on the equilibrium adsorption isosteres at low pressure (< 1 atm) of working pairs Al2O3/H2O and Al2O3/C2H6O2 is carried out. The isovolume measurement method is adopted in the test setup to directly measure the saturated vapor pressures of working pairs at vapor-liquid equilibrium (dG=0 and dμi=0). Quantity adsorbed is determined from pressure, volume and temperature using gas law. The isosteric heat of adsorption is calculated from the slope of the plot of lnP versus 1/T different amounts of adsorbate onto adsorbent as follows: 0,01 vol% Al2O3/H2O; 0,03 vol% Al2O3/H2O; 0,1 vol% Al2O3/H2O; 0,01 vol% Al2O3/C2H6O2; 0,03 vol% Al2O3/C2H6O2; 0,1 vol% Al2O3/C2H6O2. This study shows that adsorption working pair Al2O3 C2H6O2 has better adsorption performances than those of the A2O3/H2O. Surface acidity! is a most important property! far both adsorption and catalysis and therefore is examined structure of active sites of alumina surface. Thermodynamic parameters such as isosteric heat of adsorption, isosteric enthalpy and entropy of adsorption are critical design variables in estimating the performance and predicting the mechanism of an adsorption process and are also one of the basic requirements for the characterization and optimization of an adsorption process

scholarly journals Treatment of oilfield wastewater by combined process of micro-electrolysis, Fenton oxidation and coagulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3278-3288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenchao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract In this study, a combined process was developed that included micro-electrolysis, Fenton oxidation and coagulation to treat oilfield fracturing wastewater. Micro-electrolysis and Fenton oxidation were applied to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) organic load and to enhance organic components gradability, respectively. Orthogonal experiment were employed to investigate the influence factors of micro-electrolysis and Fenton oxidation on COD removal efficiency. For micro-electrolysis, the optimum conditions were: pH, 3; iron-carbon dosage, 50 mg/L; mass ratio of iron-carbon, 2:3; reaction time, 60 min. For Fenton oxidation, a total reaction time of 90 min, a H2O2 dosage of 12 mg/L, with a H2O2/Fe2+ mole ratio of 30, pH of 3 were selected to achieve optimum oxidation. The optimum conditions in coagulation process: pH, cationic polyacrylamide dosage, mixing speed and time is 4.3, 2 mg/L, 150 rpm and 30 s, respectively. In the continuous treatment process under optimized conditions, the COD of oily wastewater fell 56.95%, 46.23%, 30.67%, respectively, from last stage and the total COD removal efficiency reached 83.94% (from 4,314 to 693 mg/L). In the overall treatment process under optimized conditions, the COD of oily wastewater was reduced from 4,314 to 637 mg/L, and the COD removal efficiency reached 85.23%. The contribution of each stage is 68.45% (micro-electrolysis), 24.07% (Fenton oxidation), 7.48% (coagulation), respectively. Micro-electrolysis is the uppermost influencing process on COD removal. Compared with the COD removal efficiency of three processes on raw wastewater under optimized conditions: the COD removal efficiency of single micro-electrolysis, single Fenton oxidation, single coagulation is 58.34%, 44.88% and 39.72%, respectively. Experiments proved the effect of combined process is marvelous and the overall water quality of the final effluent could meet the class III national wastewater discharge standard of petrochemical industry of China (GB8978-1996).

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