scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-STRESS ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF TERMINALIA CATAPPA L. IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Imtiyaz Ansari ◽  
Rajeshwari Shashikant Sorte
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Albino Mice

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-stress activity of ethanolic extract of Terminalia catappa L. in Swiss albino mice. Methods: The extract used in this study was prepared by Soxhlet extraction of fresh dried leaves of T. catappa L. using ethanol as an extraction solvent. Stress is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases including hypertension, peptic ulcer, immunodepression, reproductive dysfunction, and behavior disorder. Overload of stress increases free radicals, produces damage to neuronal receptors and a variety of tissues. In this experimental research study two models, namely, forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were used for the screening of anti-stress activity. 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg ethanolic extracts of T. catappa L. were given orally, while 2mg/kg of Diazepam which acts as a standard was given intraperitoneally. The data obtained were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s test. p<0.05 was considered to be significant. Result: The entire three test groups of the ethanolic extract of leaves of T. catappa L. showed decrease in immobility time in both FST (immobility for 42.5±3.5 s and mobility at 197.5±3.5 s) against diazepam (immobility 82.6±4.17 s and mobility at 157.3±4.17 s) and TST (92±2.28 s and mobility at 148±2.28) when compared against control as well as against diazepam (116.3±2.73 s and mobility at 123.6±2.73) which was used as a standard. Conclusion: There is substantial evidence that flavonoids play an active role in providing anti-stress activity. This study is an attempt to find out the alternative medication for treating chronic stress with single medication which was shown a beneficial effect in animal models, may be useful for curing symptoms of stress.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MIMOSA PUDICA ROOT L. ON ACUTE RESTRAINT STRESS-INDUCED ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashikumara Shashikumara ◽  
Prathima C ◽  
Amrutheswari B
Keyword(s):  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Acute Restraint Stress ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Albino Mice

Objective: The present study is undertaken to study the ameliorative effects of ethanolic extract of Mimosa pudica root (EMPR) on stress-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior in Swiss albino mice.Methods: The animals were subjected to acute restraint stress (ARS) for 7 days, and on the 8th day after drugs administration, the antianxiety effect was evaluated using elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Antidepressant activity was evaluated by animal despair models-forced swim test and tail suspension test. Phytochemical analysis of the extract was also conducted.Results: EMPR (1000 and 2000 mg/kg) and the combined test groups have shown significant antianxiety effects similar to the standard diazepam as indicated by an improved open arm exploratory behavior in EPM model. EMPR also significantly reduced the immobility time in the animal despair models tested.Conclusion: Results suggest that EMPR possesses significant anxiolytic and antidepressant activity in male Swiss albino mice.

scholarly journals Anti-Depressant Activity of the Leaves of Zanthoxylum Armatum on Swiss Albino Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Chandrajeet Kumar Yadav ◽  
Kamal Poudel ◽  
Roshan Mehta ◽  
Amit Kumar Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Albino Mice

INTRODUCTION Depression is a global mental disorder that has high incidence, high recurrence, and high self-mutilation and suicide rates. Although the antidepressant drugs are available for the treatment, depression still continues to be a major medical problem. The present study was designed to study the anti-depressant activity of the leaves extract of Zanthoxylum armatum using forced swim test and tail suspension test (TST) on Swiss albino mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS The anti-depressant activity of the leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum was assessed using chronic unpredictable mild-stress (CUMS) induced depression in mice. The animals were treated with the methanolic extract of leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum orally at two doses of 100, 200 mg/kg body weight for eight days after (CUMS) induced depression in mice. RESULTS The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by tukey multiple comparison test. The leaves extract presented significant antidepressant activity in mice (p<0.05), CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that methanolic extract of leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum has got significant antidepressant activity.

scholarly journals Anxiolytic, Antidepressant-Like Proprieties and Impact on the Memory of the Hydro-Ethanolic Extract of Origanum majorana L. on Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8420
Author(s):  
Amal Amaghnouje ◽  
Hamza Mechchate ◽  
Imane Es-safi ◽  
Amal A. Alotaibi ◽  
Omar M. Noman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Origanum Majorana ◽  
The Impact

Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) infusion has been used as folk medicine against depression and anxiety. However, no studies have been carried out yet to prove those activities scientifically. In this study, the anxiolytic, antidepressant-like effects, and memory impact of the hydro-ethanolic extracts of marjoram were evaluated in mice. The hydro-ethanolic extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) were evaluated for their central nervous effect using six different behavioral tests such as light–dark box (LDB) and open field (OF) for anxiety, forced swim test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST) for depression, and object recognition test (ORT), Morris water maze (MWM) for the impact on memory. The experiments were realized on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 of treatments and compared with bromazepam for anxiety (1 mg/kg) and paroxetine for depression (11.5 mg/kg). The phytochemical screening was performed by HPLC, and the acute and sub-acute toxicities were performed following OCED guidelines (N°423 and 407) with biochemical parameters evaluation and histopathological analysis. Oral administration of marjoram hydro-ethanolic extract induced significant anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects without memory impairment, increasing the exploration and time spent in the light area in the LDB test in a similar way to that of bromazepam. In the FST and TST, the extract was as effective as paroxetine (11.5 mg/kg, p.o.) in reducing immobility. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of ferulic acid, naringin, hydroxytyrosol, geraniol, and quercetin. This study approves the traditional use of this plant and encourages further investigation on its bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Antidepressant activity of Trigonella foenum leaves in Wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Roopa P. Nayak ◽  
Prabhakar Adake ◽  
Hafis T. K.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: To evaluate antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of Trigonella foenum in animal models.Methods: A total of 60 healthy male Wistar albino rats weighing 220-250 grams were used and they were divided into 10 groups of 6 rats in each. First five groups (1st -5th) were evaluated by Forced Swim Test (FST) and remaining by Tail Suspension Test (TST). 1st group (control) received normal saline 10 mg/kg, 2nd group (standard) Imipramine 10 mg/kg and 3rd, 4th and 5th groups (test) respectively received Trigonella foenum leaf ethanolic extract [TFEE] in different doses 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg/kg per orally for 14 days. They were evaluated for antidepressant activity using FST after 60 minutes of drug administration on 14th day. Similarly, remaining five groups (6th to 10th) received the same drugs and evaluated using TST after 60 minutes of drug administration. Duration of immobility was noted for six minutes for each rat.Results: One way ANOVA and Tukey Krammer test were used for statistical analysis. The immobility periods were expressed in mean±SD. The immobility period in FST were 207.16±28.7, 50.08±2.9, 46.14±1.2, 40.5±3.4 and 40.0±3.6 seconds respectively for control, standard and three test groups of TFEE (100/200/400 mg/kg). Similarly, immobility periods of 163.11±31.9, 125.03±11.2, 138.81±16.44, 138.16±12.65, 127.58±4.3 seconds were noted for TST for remaining six groups. It was found that TFEE possess statistically significant (p<0.05) antidepressant activity, as evidenced by decrease in the immobility time in both the tests when compared to control group.Conclusions: Present study results demonstrated that TFEE possess antidepressant property in experimental models of depression.

scholarly journals Analgesic and antidepressant activities of Brassica rapa subspecies chinensis (L.) Hanelt on Swiss-albino mice model

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sharifur Rahman ◽  
Nushrat Jahan ◽  
S M Ashikur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Abdur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Thiopental Sodium ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
First Time

Bangladesh being a subtropical country provides varieties of herbs and vegetables. Brassica is a broad genus available in Bangladesh and it encompasses a lot of nutritive herbs. Among these, Brassica rapa subspecies chinensis (L.) Hanelt (Family-Brassicaceae) is popular in many parts of the world. In the quest of medicinal property, this plant was investigated here for observing analgesic and antidepressant activities in Swiss-albino mice model. The herb was extracted well with methanol and then assayed by acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion methods for analgesic action. Besides, thiopental sodium induced sleeping time test, tail suspension test and forced swim test were conducted for the evaluation of its antidepressant activity. The plant extract was orally administered to the mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and it exhibited significant analgesic and antidepressant activities in compare to the controlled groups. This is the first time comprehensive report for analgesic and antidepressant activities of this plant.

Astaxanthin, the Natural Antioxidant, Reduces Reserpine Induced Depression in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1319-1327
Author(s):  
Ferdous Khan ◽  
Syed A. Kuddus ◽  
Md. H. Shohag ◽  
Hasan M. Reza ◽  
Murad Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Biochemical Level

Background: An imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants determines the level of oxidative stress which is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. Therefore, treatment with antioxidants could potentially improve the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of astaxanthin, a potential antioxidant, to reduce reserpine-induced depression in BALB/c mice (Mus musculus). Methods: On the behavioral level, antidepressant property of astaxanthin (50 mg/kg, orally) on reserpine (2 mg/kg, subcutaneously) induced depressed mice was evaluated by Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). In the biochemical level, the ability of astaxanthin to mitigate reserpine-induced oxidative stress was evaluated by the measurement of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in brain, liver and plasma samples. On the other hand, the efficiency of astaxanthin to replenish glutathione depletion and antioxidant enzyme activity augmentation in the same samples were also investigated. Results: Astaxanthin was able to lower reserpine induced immobility time significantly (p<0.05) in FST and TST. Mice treated with astaxanthin showed significantly (p<0.05) low level of oxidative stress markers such as Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO). Consistently, the level of reduced Glutathione (GSH), and the activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and catalase were augmented due to the oral administration of astaxanthin. Conclusion: This study suggests that astaxanthin reduces reserpine-induced oxidative stress and therefore might be effective in treating oxidative stress associated depression.

The Effect of Fluoxetine and Ibuprofen on BCG-Induced Alteration in Pain Sensitivity in Mice

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba H El-Morsy ◽  
Wesam El-Bakly ◽  
Amany H Hasanin ◽  
May Hamza ◽  
M Abdel-Bary
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Formalin Test ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Incisional Pain

Abstract Clinical observations recognized the co-existence and interactions of pain and depression a long time, ago. The aim of this work was to study the effect of ibuprofen and fluoxetine on BCGinduced depressive-like behaviour, on formalin-induced pain, as well as on mechanical allodynia after planter incision in mice. BCG induced a depressive behaviour that was seen in the forced swim test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST). It also induced a decrease in pain-related behaviour in the formalin test, and an increase in the baseline in mechanical allodynia test compared to the control group. Fluoxetine (80 mg/L of drinking water) showed a significant decrease in the immobility time in the FST and TST and enhanced pain related behaviour in formalin test in the BCG-inoculated group. However, it did not affect the increase in the pain threshold in the planter incision allodynia model. Adding ibuprofen to drinking water (0.2 g/L of drinking water), reversed the depressive like behaviour induced by BCG and enhanced pain-related behaviour in formalin test, in both the total pain-related behaviour and phase 2. It also prevented the increase in the base line induced by BCG. On the other hand, the incisional pain model was not affected by BCG inoculation except at the 2-hour time point, where it showed hypoalgesia, as well.

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