scholarly journals OSTEOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF SEX FROM MASTOID TRIANGLE IN MALAYSIAN POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelnasser Ibrahim ◽  
Aspalilah Alias ◽  
Mohamed Swarhib Shafie ◽  
Srijit Das ◽  
Faridah Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
The Right ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Objective: Determination of sex is one of the most important parameters for conducting biological profile of unknown skeletal remains in anatomical anthropology and forensic medicine. Mastoid bone is useful for the identification of sex, as it is the most protected bone and is resistant to damage, due to its anatomical position at the base of the skull. The aim of this study was to develop new equations for the estimation of sex from mastoid triangle in the Malaysian population.Methods: About 10 parameters were studied on 388 computed tomography scans of crania in 231 males and 157 females. The parameters comprised three sides of mastoid triangle, its perimeter and area on both sides. T-test was used to compare between the right and left sides and between males and females. Stepwise discriminant function was used to reveal the best discriminatory parameter and its classification accuracy.Results: Comparison of means by T-test revealed no difference between the right and left sides in both sexes. T-test showed a significant difference between males and females for all parameters. Perimeter of mastoid triangle was found to be the best parameter by stepwise discriminant analysis. The equation based on perimeter of mastoid triangle was developed with 84.4% classification accuracy.Conclusion: The developed equation could be used to assess sexual dimorphism of fragmented Malaysian crania with intact mastoid region. The achieved cross-validated classification was relatively high compared to that in other previous studies.

scholarly journals OSTEOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF SEX FROM MASTOID TRIANGLE IN MALAYSIAN POPULATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
ABDELNASSER IBRAHIM ◽  
ASPALILAH ALIAS ◽  
MOHAMED SWARHIB SHAFIE ◽  
SRIJIT DAS ◽  
FARIDAH MOHD NOR
Keyword(s):  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Malaysian Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
New Equation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Objective: Determination of sex is one of the most important parameters for conducting biological profile of unknown skeletal remains in anatomical anthropology and forensic medicine. Mastoid bone is useful for the identification of sex, as it is the most protected bone and is resistant to damage, due to its anatomical position at the base of the skull. The aim of this study was to develop new equation for the estimation of sex from mastoid triangle in the Malaysian population. Methods: About 10 parameters were studied on 388 computed tomography scans of crania in 231 males and 157 females. The parameters comprised three sides of mastoid triangle, its perimeter and area on both sides. T-test was used to compare between the right and left sides and between males and females. Stepwise discriminant function was used to reveal the best discriminatory parameter and its classification accuracy. Results: Comparison of means by T-test revealed no difference between the right and left sides in both sexes. T-test showed a significant difference between males and females for all parameters. Perimeter of mastoid triangle was found to be the best parameter by stepwise discriminant analysis. The equation based on perimeter of mastoid triangle was developed with 84.4% classification accuracy. Conclusion: The developed equation could be used to assess sexual dimorphism of fragmented Malaysian crania with intact mastoid region. The achieved cross-validated classification was relatively high compared to that in other previous studies.

Radiological observations on the olfactory fossa and ethmoid roof

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 1251-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Elwany ◽  
A Medanni ◽  
M Eid ◽  
A Aly ◽  
A El-Daly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Cribriform Plate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Operative Evaluation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right

AbstractObjective:To establish normative dimensions for the depth of the olfactory fossa, the length and angulation of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate, and the height of the ethmoid roof, in adult males and females.Design:The study assessed 300 high resolution, multislice computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses, which were evaluated using Merge Efilm software (version 2.0.0, build 37).Results:According to the original Keros classification, the type II olfactory fossa was the commonest type in men (66.7 per cent), while the type I fossa was commonest in women (53 per cent). A difference of 3 mm or more between the depths of the right and left olfactory fossae was present in 11 per cent of men and 2 per cent of women. The lateral lamella of the cribriform plate was significantly shorter and less oblique in men than in women. The length of the lateral lamella was greater anteriorly than posteriorly in both sexes. There was a statistically significant difference between the angle of the lateral lamellae, comparing right and left sides. The ethmoid roof was lower in women than men.Conclusion:The observed differences between men and women and between the right and left sides are of surgical importance, and should alert surgeons to the need for thorough, systematic pre-operative evaluation of computed tomography scans.

Agreement analysis comparing iPad LCVA and Sloan testing in multiple sclerosis patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1126-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Sattarnezhad ◽  
Samantha Farrow ◽  
Dorlan Kimbrough ◽  
Bonnie Glanz ◽  
Brian Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
T Test ◽  
Computerized Testing ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Paired T Test

Background: Visual symptoms are common in multiple sclerosis (MS). Low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA) testing using Sloan charts has demonstrated increased sensitivity for visual deficits compared to high-contrast acuity testing. Computerized testing of visual acuity may facilitate use in the clinic setting. Objectives: To evaluate the agreement between an iPad-based and Sloan testing of LCVA in a cohort of MS patients. Methods: A total of 38 patients with relapsing-remitting MS were enrolled after providing informed written consent at Partners MS Center, Brigham and Women’s hospital. Monocular LCVA was measured using retroilluminated Sloan chart and iPad-based LogMAR chart. Number of correct letters and agreement between two measurements were assessed for each eye using Bland–Altman analysis and paired t-test. Results: For both eyes, there was no significant difference in number correct between the two measurements using a paired t-test, and there was high correlation between two measurements (oculus dextrus (OD) r = 0.89, p < 0.001; oculus sinister (OS) r = 0.78, p < 0.001). The limits of agreement were −7.9 to +8.5 letters for the right eye and −10.9 to +11.2 letters for the left eye. Conclusion: An iPad-based LCVA test shows good agreement with Sloan testing in MS patients.

scholarly journals MANDIBULAR CANINE INDEX (MCI)

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
IRFAN AHMED MUGHAL ◽  
ANWAR SAOOD SAQIB ◽  
FARIDA MANZUR
Keyword(s):  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Dental Evidence ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Sexual Identification ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mass Disasters

Introduction: Dental evidence is valuable in identification of individuals, especially following mass disasters; estimation of age at death of skeletonised remains and establishing guilt in cases of criminal injury by biting. Mandibular canines are found to exhibit the greatest sexual dimorphism amongst all teeth. Objective: To investigate the accuracy with which gender can be differentiated by using the mandibular canine index in the Punjabi – Pakistani population. Setting: Independent Medical College and Punjab Medical College,  aisalabad. Period: Dec. 2008 to Dec. 2009. Material and Methods: The present study was performed on 200 students, between the age group of 18-25 years, randomly sampled with informed consent (Through 3rd party). Mandibular canine width and intercanine distance were measured with the help of Vernier caliper after observing aseptic conditions. Mandibular canine index was calculated and the observed MCI was compared with the standard MCI value. The data was then analyzed using student’s “t” test. Results: No significant statistical difference was noted between the right and left mandibular canines amongst males and females (same sex) but when comparing between males and females, there was highly statistical significant difference (P < 0.001). The calculated standard MCI for canines of males and females found to be 0.2504. With these calculations we could predict sex correctly at 75.97% in this study (Male: 71.67% and Female: 78.72%). Conclusion: MCI is a quick and reliable method for sexual identification when a standard for the population is available. With these calculations, we could predict the sex correctly at 75.97 % in this study. This method can be used as adjunct to other available tools for sex determination. DNA studies can reveal sex accurately.Availability of comprehensive database with “NADRA” can also be used as adjunct to “MCI” to enhance the accuracy in determination of sex and identity of the person in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Dan Ekonomi Sosial Bank Syariah Antara Sebelum Dan Sesudah Ditetapkannya Fatwa MUI Tentang Haramnya Bunga Bank

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 973
Author(s):  
Lia Auliah Rachmah ◽  
Nisful Laila
Keyword(s):  
Social Performance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

This study aims to find out the comparison between the performance of Islamic Banks including financial performances such as the ratio of ROA, ROE, FDR and CAR as wells economic and social performance such as MMR ratio before and after the determination of fatwa regarding the prohibition against bank interest. Quantitative approach and independent sample t-test has been used in this study. The data is a secondary data which was obtained by collecting the annual financial reports. The result of the independent sample t-test shows that there are significant differences between the performance of the Islamic banks before and after the fatwa on the ratio of ROE, FDR and MMR. Whereas on the ratio of ROA and CAR have no significant difference before and after the fatwa.

scholarly journals Avaliação postural de sujeitos com amputação de membro inferior

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 33103
Author(s):  
Viviane Leite ◽  
Lisiane Piazza Luza ◽  
Sara Maria Soffiatti Dias ◽  
Thamara Caviquioni ◽  
Ediane Roberge Fernandes Zampirolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
T Test ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Postural Asymmetry ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ankle Angle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Scapula

AIMS: To evaluate the posture of subjects with lower limb amputee.METHODS: Ten subjects participated in the study, males, with 38,2 ± 8,2 years, with unilateral lower limb amputation and prosthesis users. For the postural evaluation, the Postural Evaluation Software (SAPO) was used, and the images were evaluated according to the software protocol. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (independent t test), with a significance level of p ≤ 0,05.RESULTS: The main alterations observed were: rearfoot valgus enlargement, flexed ankle, head tilted to the right and trunk in flexion. When compared the posture according to time of amputation, was observed a statistically significant difference in the horizontal asymmetry of scapula in relation to T3 (p = 0,004), being that subjects with amputation time of up to six years presented the left scapula higher than the right one (-5,28 ± 8,16°) and those with more than six years of amputation had the right upper right scapula (19,42 ± 11°). In the comparison between amputation levels, there was a statistically significant difference in the ankle angle (p = 0,008), with subjects with amputation below the knee presenting greater ankle flexion (81,97 ± 1,72°) than those with amputation at the level of the knee and above this (87,30 ± 2,65°).CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study demonstrate that all the evaluated subjects presented some postural alteration, however, it cannot be affirmed that the postural asymmetry of these is due to the amputation.

CuSO4-TiO2 as Kjeldahl Digestion Catalyst in Manual Determination of Crude Protein in Animal Feeds

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-666
Author(s):  
Peter F Kane
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
T Test ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Animal Feeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kjeldahl Digestion ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract The official AOAC manual Kjeldahl methods for determining crude protein in animal feeds have several disadvantages. For the HgO catalyst method, there are environmental concerns and a lengthy digestion. For the CuS04 catalyst method, the digestion period is shorter, but still 90 min. A different catalyst combination, CuS04-Ti02, makes 40 min digestion feasible. Comparison of these catalysts on a group of representative feeds resulted in a mean difference, Cu-Ti minus HgO, of 0.034% protein. Standard deviation of the differences was 0.36. A Student’s t-test showed no significant difference. The method will be collaboratively studied.

scholarly journals Morphometrie study of foramen magnum in human dry skulls

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Sulabha Hanumant Deshpande ◽  
Ashwini Balasaheb Nuchhi ◽  
Balappa Murigeppa Bannur ◽  
Babasaheb Gurusiddappagouda Patil
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
T Test ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Mass Disasters ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background : Anthropologists are often faced with the task of assigning sex to remains that are incomplete, fragmented or damaged as may result from incidents such as mass disasters, airplane crashes, fire, explosions or physical violence. The size of foramen magnum does not change after puberty, not related to age then after. It is this part of the cranial base which can withstand fire explosions as the area is covered by large amount of soft tissue. Hence the foramen magnum was considered for studying the sexual differences in skull. Aims : To analyse the morphology and morphometry of foramen magnum, and the impact of these variables on sex determination of skull. Materials and Methods : 68 male and 68 female adult dry skulls were used for the study. The shapes of foramen magnum were studied. Results : In total, oval was the most common shape comprising of 61.76%, 16.17% arrow head, 11.76% irregular and 10.29% round. The sagittal diameter was 33.0 [28-40] mm in males and 33.0 [28-43] in females and transverse diameters of foramen magnum were 27[21-31] in males and 26.0[23-33]mm in females. Area of foramen magnum was calculated using Radinsky and Teixeria formulae and foramen magnum index was calculated. Mean, standard deviation and median [where ever required] were calculated. Student t test and Mann Whitney U test/ T test were applied. We did not find significant difference between male and female values. Conclusion : Our study did not demonstrate statistically significant difference in expression of sexual differences in the foramen magnum. However if detailed analysis is done with greater sample size by discriminant function analysis, it may prove useful in predicting sex in severely fragmented cranial bases.

scholarly journals SPECTRUM OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) GENOTYPES AMONG DIAGNOSED CASES OF HCV IN RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD REGION OVER THE PERIOD OF SIX YEARS

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Hamna Javed ◽  
Tehreem Arif ◽  
Saba Arshad ◽  
Saadia Khan Baloch ◽  
Bushra Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Mixed Genotype ◽  
Hcv Genotypes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Determination of an individual's HCV genotypes prior to antiviral therapy has become increasingly important for the deciding clinical management and predicting prognosis of HCV infection. Relative genotype proportions are needed to inform to healthcare models, which should be geographically tailored. To our knowledge, there are no studies reporting genotype pattern in Rawalpindi/Islamabad region. We aimed to determine the frequency of different genotypes in HCV positive cases in the population of Rawalpindi/ Islamabad over the period of five years. Methods: Data of total of three thousand eight hundred and eighteen (n=3818) HCV positive adult of both genders were screened for genotype testing over the period of six years were analyzed. Results: Most frequent genotype identified in our study was genotype 3, accounting for 95.8% (n=3657) of HCV positive cases. The second most common genotype was Type 1 accounting for 2.9% (n=109) of HCV positive cases. Other genotypes were Type 2 (0.3%, n=12) and Type 4 (0.1%, n=5). Mixed genotype (Type 1 and 3) were detected in almost 1 % (n=35) of cases. We did not find genotype 5 and 6 in our study sample. No significant difference was observed among males and females in genotype distribution (P>0.05). Conclusion: The most common genotype among HCV patients were found to be genotype 3 followed by genotype 1 as the second most common in Rawalpindi/Islamabad region during the study period.

scholarly journals Determination of simethicone in different drug formulations by gravimetry and comparison with the FTIR method

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Muge Guleli ◽  
Sezin İşsev ◽  
Cem Caliskan ◽  
Mahmut Ozbek
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Drug Formulations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quantification Analysis

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was mostly used in both pharmacopeia and literature studies to determine the assay of simethicone (SMT) in pharmaceuticals. It should be noted that HPLC is used less frequently. As an alternative to the mentioned methods a new, simple, fast, easy-to-apply and very cheap gravimetric method was developed and validated according to ICH guidance entitled Q2B Validation of Analytical Procedures: Methodology for the quantification analysis of simethicone in different pharmaceutical forms. For the simethicone suspension product provided to alleviate too much gas in the gastrointestinal tract, the simethicone amount was determined both by the validated gravimetric method and by the FTIR method defined in the USP and BP monographs, and the results were within the acceptance criteria. It is emphasized that there is no significant difference between the results of gravimetric and FTIR methods according to the calculated F- and t-test results.

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