scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA AND PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS EXTRACT

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
GEJALAKSHMI S. ◽  
R. SENTHILRAJ ◽  
TANISHA B. A. ◽  
SRUTHI S. ◽  
THARUN KUMAR M.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objective: In the present research, a clear systematic investigation of phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of herbal plants such as Azadirachta indica and Plectranthus amboinicus has been carried out. Methods: The aqueous and alcoholic extract was prepared in soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extracts was performed and analysed. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by cup plate method. These extracts were studied under agar diffusion method against three bacterial species such as Bacillussubtills, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli at 5µg, 50 µg and 250 µg concentration. Results: The combine extract showed a predominant activity against these bacteria, which confirmed antimicrobial activity in AEAI and AEPA Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that AEAI and AEPA has a significant potential to use as an antimicrobial agent

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PORTULACA QUADRIFIDA LINN.

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAGTAP SUPRIYA ◽  
GUJAR KISHOR ◽  
GHARE ANIKET
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate in vitro antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and preliminary phytochemical screening of the leaves of Portulaca quadrifida (Linn.). Methods: The solvent extract such as petroleum ether, methanol, and water on the leaves of P. quadrifida (Linn) was prepared by Soxhlet extraction (continuous hot percolation method). These solvent extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic E. coli and B. subtilis at various concentrations and were measured by observing zone of inhibition in mm by disc diffusion method (cup plate method). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the flavonoids, fats, and oils in all extracts. Similarly, the presence of alkaloids and tannins was obtained in the petroleum ether and methanolic extracts, while the presence of glycosides was obtained in the methanolic and water extracts. Further, proteins and sterols were found in petroleum extracts. The results of antimicrobial activity shown that methanolic extracts of the plant leaf showed good antimicrobial activity and petroleum ether and water extract showed similar activity but less antimicrobial activity than methanolic extract. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were compared with standard antibiotic such as chloramphenicol. Conclusion: P. quadrifida (Linn.) has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and a potential source of new classes of antibiotics that could be useful for infectious disease chemotherapy and control. The phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts of this plant indicates the presence of major phytoconstituents which may have been responsible for the observed antimicrobial property.  

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Of Asparagus Racemosus Willd. and Asparagus Curillus Buch.-Ham. Ex Roxb

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Rose Shrestha ◽  
Astha Shakya ◽  
Krishna Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Different Strains

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin as main phytochemical compounds. Comparative antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of these two species has been evaluated using Kirby-Bauer Agar well diffusion method. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity on nine different strains of human pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalies, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. Among them A. racemosus has shown selected antimicrobial effects against B. subtilis, E. coli, E. faecalis, S. cerevisiae and C. albicans with zone of inhibition of 25 mm in an average. While A. curillus showed effects on S. cerevisiae and C. albicans only with zone of inhibition about12 mm.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: 91-102 

scholarly journals Combined activity of Azadirachta indica and Dodonea viscose leaves extract on some selected pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
A. I Isah ◽  
A.I. Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Materials

The study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial activity both individually and in combination of two Nigerian plants (Azadirachta indica and Dodonea viscosa) against a variety of pathogenic bacteria. Five bacterial species namely; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected for the assays. The powdered plant materials of the two plants were extracted using sohxlet extraction technique with methanol water and petroleum ether as solvents. The crude extracts of the two plants were subjected to phytochemical screening for qualitative detection of plant secondary metabolites. The extracts were further tested for antibacterial activity against the selected pathogens singly and then combined using agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity of the two plants singly indicates that the methanolic extract possess the highest antibacterial activity at a concentration of 50mg/ml with an inhibition zone of 23.3±0.5mm compared to aqueous extract with 21.7±0.5mm inhibition zone at a concentration of 50mg/ml. The least activity was observed with the petroleum ether extract with an inhibition zone of 7.3±0.5mm at a concentration of 12.5mg/ml. Combination of the plants extracts exhibited lower antibacterial activity on the test isolates compared to single plants as evidenced by the production of lower inhibition zones. Key words: Azadirachta indica, Dodonea viscosa, pathogens, antimicrobial activity, synergistic effect

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Mathematical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic Seed Extract of Hunteria Umbellata

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Raphael Aderele ◽  
Adekunle Kareem Rasaq ◽  
Johnson Oshiobugie Momoh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
T Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Aim: The study evaluates the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of Hunteria umbellata against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out for three months in 2019 in Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry unit), School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos- Nigeria. Methodology: The qualitative and GC-MS analysis of Hunteria umbellata methanolic seed extract were determined using standard procedure. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. The experimental data was resampled 1000 times to allow for higher degrees of freedom in carrying out t-test to test for the difference of the effect of in-vitro antimicrobial activity of H. umbellata against E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp using mathematical software R language (3.6.1 version). Line plots, histogram and t-test are used to explain the effect of antimicrobial activity of H. umbellate on the selected bacteria. MIC and MBC were determined using standard methods. Results: The Phytochemical analysis of methanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellata showed the presence of secondary metabolites like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, phenol among others. GC-MS assay of the H. umbellata seed extract revealed the presence of eight different compounds. Agar well diffusion method was characterized by inhibition zones of 18.36±0.87, 19.13±1.03 and 21.62±2.53 mm for E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp respectively at 300 mg/ml-1 and 21.70± 1.60, 23.83± 2.64 and 28.57± 1.52 for E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp respectively at 500 mg/ml. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant difference between the effects of in-vitro antimicrobial activity of H. umbellate on 3001 and 500 mg/ml on each bacteria tested at 5% level of significance. E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp were tested against 12 standard antimicrobial agents, of which six was sensitive and another six was resistance to E .coli, seven was sensitive, and five was resistance to S. aureus while four was resistance and eight sensitive to Streptococcus sp. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E.coli, S. aureus, and  Streptococcus sp were 250, 125 and 31.25 mgml-1 while their minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were 500, 250 and 125 respectively. MIC and MBC tests showed that H. umbellata methanolic seed extract had noticeable bactericidal effects with MBC/MIC values ranging between 2 to 4. The extract has strong potency against these microorganisms with Streptococcus sp being the most susceptible. Conclusions: Hunteria umbellata has potential as natural therapeutic agents against E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp and they may prevent pathogenic diseases.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF STEMS OF THE PLANT TAGETES ERECTA L. (FAMILY-ASTERACEAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jafar Ali ◽  
Dibyendu Shil
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L

Objective: To estimate the anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of Tagetes erecta L. (family-Asteraceae) in association with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of the stems of TageteseErecta L. was prepared and investigate for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of has been carried out against one Gram positive bacteria-Staphylococcus aureus and one Gram negative bacteria-Escherichia coli, and the antifungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans species. The testing was done by the disc diffusion method to visualize the zone of inhibition of ethanolic extract was compared with that of standard drug i.e., Ciprofloxacin for anti-bacterial activity and Terbinafine for anti-fungal activity. The MIC was determined by the microdilution method (Cup-plate method).Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the stems of Tagetes erecta L. Various phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, saponin glycosides, flavonoids, phenol, proteins and amino acids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tanin and phenolic compounds. The anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant results against all three of the test organisms in compare to the standard drugs.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of-of the stems of Tagetes erecta L. Proved the existence of phytochemical constituents. The ethanolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards and it can be useful for the development of the antibiotics.

Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of plant extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbu Pandey ◽  
Mahendra Singh* ◽  
Bharat Pandey ◽  
Anshulika Upadhyaya ◽  
Kamal K. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Anti Fungal

The present study was carried out for phytochemical screening of principle bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity in Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb., Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponin, terpenoid, steroid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid. The petroleum, ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts were subjected to antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, E. coli and Bacillus subtilis against anti-fungal strains A.awamori, A.fumigatus, Rhizopus oryzae, Trichoderma viridae and C.oryzae. The antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated by disc-diffusion method.

In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of fruits of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry - An important medicinal Plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Duraisamy Kayal Vizhi ◽  
◽  
Kokkaiah Irulandi ◽  
Palanichamy Mehalingam ◽  
Natarajan Nirmal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

The fruit of Syzygium aromaticum is an important medicinal plant was subjected to phytochemical screening and antimicrobial effect of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone extracts. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar well diffusion method against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The phytochemical analysis carried out revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, catechins, flavanoids, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, tannins and steroids in various solvent extracts. Methanol extract of S. aromaticum showed good antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staohylococcus aureus. It has been showed that the methanol extracts had wider range of activity on these organisms than the acetone and ethyl acetate extracts, which indicates that the methanol extracts of selected plants may contain the active components. The use of plant extracts with known antimicrobial properties can be of great significance in therapeutic treatments.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Subramanian Abirami ◽  
Kannan Nishanthini ◽  
Mani Poonkothai
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Eucalyptus globulus leaves.Methods: The antimicrobial activity of the leaves of E. globulus extracted with acetone, ethanol and petroleum ether was studied using well diffusion method against the selected bacterial and fungal isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria and fungi to various concentrations of the extract was evaluated by the micro broth dilution method. The preliminary phytochemical screening was performed in the acetone extract of E. globulus. The presence of functional groups in the acetone extract of the leaves of E. globulus was determined by Fourier to transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.Results: Results suggested that the acetone extract exhibited maximum antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria and fungi when compared with ciprofloxacin and fluconazole respectively (standard antibiotics). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that the wells containing a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml of acetone extract inhibited the bacteria and fungi effectively. Phytochemical screening of acetone extract of E. globulus showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, quinones, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids and leucoanthocyanides. FT-IR spectral analysis of the leaf extract of E. globulus showed the presence of functional groups such as–OH,-NH, C=O and–COOH.Conclusion: Thus to conclude, different plants and their formulations have been used in ayurveda to cure diseases for several decades. The findings of the study indicate the potential to exploit the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus in the treatment of microbial diseases.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL EXTRACTIONS, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS, AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN THE LEAF AND STEM BARK OF SOLANUM PUBESCENS WILLD.

2019 ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
SUDHAMA VN ◽  
RAMAKRISHNAN M
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Solanum Pubescens

Objective: The objective of this study was to extract the phytochemicals from leaf and stem bark of Solanum pubescens, perform qualitative analysis, and evaluate antimicrobial activity of the phytochemicals against certain microbial pathogens. Methods: Leaf and stem bark of S. pubescens was subjected to phytochemical extractions using Soxhlet apparatus with five different solvents, identified the major constituents in different solvent extracts using standard protocols and investigated the potential antimicrobial activities of the extracts against certain selected bacterial and fungal pathogens by agar well diffusion method. Results: The maximum yield was in methanolic extracts of leaf and stem bark of the study plant such as 18.51 and 12.5%, respectively, followed by the hydroalcohol extracts (14.23 and 10.00%). Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed maximum number of extracted bioactive compounds when compared to other similar studies. Among the five different solvent extracts of S. pubescens, n-hexane extract of stem bark was found to be active against all the bacterial pathogens and stem bark extracts made with methanol and hydroalcohol showed antifungal activity against all the four fungal pathogens tested. Leaf extracts made with solvents such as n-hexane and ethyl acetate showed inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, hydroalcohol extract was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium while none of the leaf extracts of the study plant showed inhibition zones against fungal pathogens tested. Conclusion: Multiple solvent extraction approach yielded the phytochemicals which are not yet reported and the antimicrobial activities of phytochemicals acknowledged their medicinal value.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antifungal activity of Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance (Apiaceae) an endemic plant from Nasik district (M.S.) India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemantkumar Atmaram Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Agar Disc

Medicinal plants are a source of great economic value all over the world. Various medicinal plants have been used for years in daily life to treat diseases. Present study illustrates the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance. The selected plant Fruits were collected and powdered. The bioactive compounds were extracted by using Methanol, Ethanol, Petroleum ether and water in a soxhlet extractor. The antimicrobial activity was determined by using agar disc and well diffusion method. Acetone and chloroform extracts were mixed with 1ml diethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and added into the well. The extract of Methanol with Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance has shown maximum zone of inhibition against bacterial pathogens when compared to chloral and water extract. Phytochemical analysis reflected the antimicrobial activity of Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance which is due to the presence of phytochemical compounds like alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, Saponins, Phenolic compounds and tannins. The results of agar well diffusion method indicated the inhibition and it depends largely upon plant parts used and organism tested.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document