scholarly journals PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ULVA LACTUCA POLYPHENOLS FRACTION: CARDIOPROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AGAINST ISOPROTERENOL-INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
RAVINDRAN NT ◽  
MOHAMED SADIQ A
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the activity of Ulva lactuca polyphenols fraction in protecting the myocardial infarction induced by a high dose of isoproterenol. Methods: This study was carried out using Wistar albino rats divided into six groups. Group 1 was the normal group. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 received isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) i.p. twice at an interval of 24 h on the 14th and 15th day. In addition to isoproterenol, Group 3 received verapamil (5 μmol/kg) as a single dose intravenously on the 14th day 10 min before isoproterenol and Groups 4, 5, and 6 received U. lactuca polyphenols fraction at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, for 14 days. On the 16th day, serum and heart samples were harvested from the animals and the cardioprotective and antioxidant activities were assessed by studying the levels of cardiac functional heart marker enzymes, lipid profile, reduced glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes. Results: U. lactuca polyphenols fraction, at the tested doses, restored the levels of all serum markers and enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and reduced glutathione) and heart homogenate antioxidant markers (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) significantly, in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: This study suggests that U. lactuca polyphenols fraction has a cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction and possess antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ULVA LACTUCA POLYPHENOLS FRACTION: HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AGAINST PARACETAMOL-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
RAVINDRAN NT ◽  
MOHAMED SADIQ A
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the activity Ulva lactuca polyphenols fraction in protecting the liver damage induced by high dose of paracetamol. Methods: This study was performed using Wistar albino rats divided into six groups. Group 1 was the normal group. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 received paracetamol (2 g/kg) for 7 days. In addition to paracetamol, Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 received silymarin (100 mg/kg), U. lactuca polyphenols fraction at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, for 7 days. On the 8th day, serum and liver samples were collected from the animals and the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities were assessed by studying the levels of liver marker enzymes, bilirubin, protein, reduced glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes. Results: U. lactuca polyphenols fraction, at the tested doses, restored the levels of all serum markers and enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, γ-glutamyl transferase, total bilirubin, total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, and reduced glutathione) and liver homogenate markers (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) significantly, in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: This study suggests that U. lactuca polyphenols fraction has a hepatoprotective effect against paracetamol-induced liver damage and possesses antioxidant activities.

EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SELECTED FRUIT PEEL EXTRACTS AND THEIR POLY HERBAL MIXTURE ON CCL4 INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY: AN IN VIVO STUDY

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (09) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Gana Manjusha Kondepudi ◽  
Battu Ganga Rao ◽  
P Balakrishnaiah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Herbal Mixture ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Peel Extract

The main aim of this study was to screen the selected fruit peel extracts and their polyherbal mixture (PHM) for hepatoprotective activity. Male wistar albino rats (180-200 g), divided into 12 groups after induction of hepatotoxicity, were treated with selected fruit peel extracts and PHM and at the end of 14th day blood and liver samples were collected and analysed. The aqueous peel extract of Malus pumila was a better hepatoprotective among the selected peel extracts. The activities might be due to the conditioning of hepatocytes by protecting the integrity of the membrane from CCl4 induced leakage of serum markers into circulation. All the selected plant extracts and PHM were shown to revert back the liver enzymes to the normal values in diseased rats in a dose dependent manner. In conclusion, the selected fruit peel extracts and poly herbal mixture can be a potent hepatoprotective agent due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Zanthoxylum armatum fruit on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malathi Mangalanathan ◽  
Tamiloli Devendhiran ◽  
Saraswathi Uthamaramasamy ◽  
Keerthika Kumarasamy ◽  
K Mohanraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Enzymic Antioxidants ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The present study was elucidating the cardioprotective activity of hydroethanoic extract of Zanthoxylum armatum (Z. armatum) fruit on serum cardiac markers, lipid profile and the level of antioxidants in experimentally induced myocardial infarction (MI). The hydroethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruit was administered at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight for 30 days to male Wistar albino rats. On 28th and 29th day, isoproterenol (ISO) (8.5mg/100g body weight) wasadministered to induce MI. Animals were sacrificed; blood and heart tissues were removed and the biochemical parameters were carried out. Serum markers such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin –T were significantly (p<0.05) increased after ISO treatment. Altered lipid profile and significant changes in enzymic and non- enzymic antioxidants were also observed in MI. The altered levels were brought back to near normal by the administration of hydroethanoic extract of Z. armatum fruit which might be due to the active phytoconstituents present in it.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF CHRONIC CONSUMPTION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ON LIVER OF WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
SURENDRA BABU THANGACHI ◽  
VARSHA SRIRAM MOKHASI ◽  
SHABINA KOMATH CHENOLY
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if there were any harmful effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the liver of Wistar albino rats chronically at three different doses, namely, low, mid, and high doses equivalent to human consumption doses in developing countries. Methods: The Wistar albino rats (n=24) were divided into four groups, namely control, Low dose MSG (180 mg/kg), Mid dose MSG (360 mg/kg), and High dose MSG (720 mg/kg). At the end of the experimental period (120 days), animal blood was collected retro-orbitally to analyze the liver enzymes such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total protein, Albumin, and Total Bilirubin in blood serum. Lipid profiles, namely, Triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and Total cholesterol were subjected to analysis using blood serum. Results: Significant increase (p<0.05) in AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin in serum of MSG induced low, mid, and high dose groups when compared to control group were recorded. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in LDL, decrease in HDL, increase in total cholesterol and triglycerides of MSG-induced animal groups. Conclusion: The effects of MSG on serum liver enzymes and lipid profiles in this present animal study were not severely alarming even though the dosage was chronic which opens further discussion on the controversies revolving around MSG.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Neng Fisheri Kurniati ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Rian Pardilah ◽  
Nova Suliska ◽  
Dhyan Kusuma Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Different Extracts of Holoptelia Integrifolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5234-5240
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Medicinal plants are play significant impact in the personal medicine for most of the people all over the world as an alternative live saving medicines and most of their medicinal properties are well known for anticancer activity. The different extracts of Holoptelea integrifolia (H.integrifolia) leaves, stem bark and fruits were studied as a potent natural source of antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound healing potential. This work was carried out to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of H.integrifolia. The antimicrobial activity of the H.integrifolia ethanolic extract was studied against five fungal and bacterial strains by utilizing the agar well diffusion method and MIC. Among several strain, the ethanolic extract of fruit has shown higher antimicrobial inhibition zone as 9.25-16 mm compare to other two extracts of stem and leaves as 10- 13.25 mm and 6-10.2 mm respectively. The antioxidant activities for different extract were also determined by DPPH free radical assay, Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging and Nitric Oxide Radical Scavenging Activity method. The anti-inflammatory activity also estimated basedon formalin induced paw edema method on Wistar albino rats. The different extracts of leaves, stem bark and fruit parts of Holoptelea integrifolia were estimated for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity against the animal model of female Wistar albino rats. The results of anti-inflammatory activity revealed that the Ethanol extracts showed vital and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects. Our findings revealed that aerial parts of H.integrifolia contais potential antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, which expose the medicinal potential of the selected plant could be a significant drug candidates against microbial, oxidative and inflammation-related pathological processes as a future alternative medicine.

scholarly journals Effect of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) on serum creatine kinase-MB and troponin I in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in wistar albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Sharmin Nahar ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) is increasing day by day in Bangladesh due to socioeconomic transition. Spices and herbs are important source of remedy for various diseases in human. Curcuma longa suggested to be used as an indigenous medicine for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To observe the effect of Curcuma longa in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in Wistar albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during 2015. Twenty one Wistar albino male rats, weighing 100 to 150 g (initial body weight); aged 85 to 100 days were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, the rats were divided into BC (Baseline control group), ISP-TC (Isoproterenol treated control group) and CLP-ISPT (Curcuma longa pretreated and isoproterenol treated group). Each group consisted of 7 rats. After experiment, on the 10th day, final body weight was taken, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from the heart. The heart was removed and weighed. Serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) level was estimated by ELISA method and Troponin I (cTnI) level by AxSYM method. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Results: In this study, the mean percent (%) change of body weight (p<0.01), mean serum CK-MB (p<0.001) and cTnI (p<0.001) levels were significantly higher but mean heart weight was non significantly higher in ISP-TC in comparison to those of BC. Again, the mean percent (%) change of body weight (p<0.01), mean heart weight (p<0.01), mean serum CK-MB (p<0.01) and cTnI (p<0.001) levels were significantly lower in CLP-ISPT than those of ISP-TC group. Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that Curcuma longa may have cardioprotective effect. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, December; 13(2): 47-53

scholarly journals Biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney in male Wistar albino rats following exposure to Solignum®: a permethrincontaining wood preservative

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu ◽  
Iniobong A. Charles
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The present investigation was aimed to determine the effect of sub-chronic exposure to Solignum<sup>®</sup>, a permethrin-containing wood preservative on biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidneys of male Wistar albino rats. Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control and three treatment concentrations containing 8 rats each. The treatment groups were exposed to Solignum<sup>®</sup> at dose rates of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively per day orally for four weeks. Data obtained from the study showed a progressive increase in the body weight of rats in control whereas, rats treated with different concentrations (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) of Solignum<sup>®</sup> decreased significantly (≤0.05) especially at the end of the second and fourth week when compared with control. On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in the relative liver weights of rats treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg BW Solignum<sup>®</sup> while rats treated with 400 mg/kg BW showed a significant increase when compared with control. The relative weight of kidneys in experimental groups increased significantly when compared with control. Biochemical analysis results illustrated that there was a significant increase in marker enzymes namely alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity at the end of the fourth week. Similarly, total bilirubin, serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup>) levels increased in a dose dependent manner in treated rats when compared with untreated control group. Serum total protein decreased significantly in experimental rats when compared with control. However, cholesterol and triglycerides showed no significant difference when compared with control. Histopathological examination of hepatocytes in treated rats was characterized by mild periportal inflammatory cells and cytoplasmic degeneration. Furthermore, histopathological examination of rat kidneys revealed inflammatory cells, congested vessel and interstitial hemorrhage in rats treated with Solignum<sup>®</sup>. Therefore, this present study is aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potentials associated with sub-chronic exposure to the commercial pesticide Solignum<sup>®</sup>.

scholarly journals Screening of anticonvulsant effect of carvedilol on electrically induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Biacin Babu ◽  
Madhavrao Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Epilepsy is one of the major central nervous system disorders. The parent study aimed to screen the anticonvulsant effect of carvedilol on electrically induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats.Methods: This study was done in Wistar albino rats. A total of 30 rats were divided into 6 groups each of six rats. group-I (0.9% normal saline), group-II diphenylhydantoin (10 mg/kg/BW/ip), group-III carvedilol (1mg/kg/BW/PO), group-IV carvedilol (2 mg/kg/BW/PO) and group-V carvedilol (4 mg/kg/BW/PO). All the groups were administered drugs and subjected to electric shock. Scores of seizures and percentage of protection were recorded to compare between the groups. One was ANOVA (post hoc) followed by Dunnet t test applied to find the statistically significant between the groups.Results: Group-I showed significant difference compared to other groups. Group-II showed significant difference with group-III and IV not with V. High dose of test drug and standard drug showed similar results in percentage of seizures prevention. Control and low doses of test drugs showed significant difference compared to standard and high dose of test drug in seizures prevention.Conclusions: High of carvedilol showed significant seizures prevention compared to low doses and control group.

scholarly journals Uses of Elaeis guineensis oil for Stress Management during the Transportation of Catfish Fingerlings: A Dose-Dependent Outcome

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Mengue Ngadena Yolande Sandrine ◽  
Essoh Etouke Adrien ◽  
Tchiedjo Marie Laure ◽  
Sulem Yong Nina Nindum ◽  
Fifen Ngapout Rodrigue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent

Cameroonian farmers used Elaeis guineensis oil (EGO) named usually palm oil to reduce stress and mortality during the transportation of catfish fingerlings. The present study is aimed to evaluate the uses of EGO for stress management during the transportation of catfish fingerlings. Antioxidant activities of EGO were assessed in vitro. 1500 fingerlings were transported from Douala (Littoral Region, Cameroon) to Yaoundé (Centre Region Cameroon). The transportation was for 7 h 55 min in black tins of 10 L which contain 8 L of water and 100 fingerlings each. The following treatment was administrated: commercial anti-stress, 2, 4, and 6 drops of EGO. Control received no treatment and all groups were triplicated. After 10 fingerlings were sacrificed by decapitation. Total protein, total bilirubin (TB), triglycerides level, and lactate deshydrogenase (LDH) activity were assessed in the liver as well as oxidant stress parameters. Brain and gills were fixed for histopathological analysis. Results showed that transportation of catfish fingerlings induced a significant increase of TB level and LDH activity in the liver. Indeed, it induced cerebellar and gills necrosis. Moreover, EGO exhibits antioxidant activities in vitro against DPPH, ABTS radicals, and possesses a ferric reducing antioxidant power of 6.31 mEAG/g. This observation was confirmed in vivo by the increase in a dose-dependent manner of GSH and nitrites levels in the liver compared to control. However, the administration of 6 drops of EGO increased significantly (p < 0.05) the activity of LDH in the liver compared to control. Thus, high dose induced anaerobic respiration which was confirmed by alveolar necrosis in gills and neurodegeneration although low dose of EGO (2-4 drops) prevented those alterations compared to control. Hence, low doses of Elaeis guineensis oil can prevent liver, cerebellar and gills impairment during artisanal transportation to reduce the effects of stress.

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