scholarly journals MODULATORY ROLE OF SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS EXPOSED SUB-CHRONICALLY TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
SOMA CHOUDHURI ◽  
JAHNABI SAHA ◽  
SANDEEP DAS ◽  
DIPAYAN CHOUDHURI
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Relevant Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Objective: The present study assessed the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress induced by chronic exposure to a very low environmentally relevant dose of hexavalent chromium along with the ameliorative potential of selenium and Vitamin E in male rats. Methods: Twenty-four male albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals of control group received only distilled water. The treated group received solution of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) at a dose of 1 mg/kg b.w./day. The third group received sodium selenate (0.25 mg/kg bw) plus Vitamin E (100 mg/kg bw). The supplemented group received sodium selenate plus Vitamin E along with K2Cr2O7 solution. The animals were treated for 90 consecutive days. Results: There was a significant decrease in body weight gain and an increase in liver and kidney weight along with an increase in serum glucose, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine; a decrease in protein and albumin levels in the rats treated with K2Cr2O7. The activities of serum enzymes, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase, were also increased in treated animals. The activities of enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, GPx and the levels of GSH reduced significantly and level of malondialdehyde increased in K2Cr2O7 treated rats. Liver and kidney tissues exhibited features of toxicity in chromium treated animals. All the effects were reversed in supplemented group. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to K2Cr2O7 at a very low environmentally relevant dose caused hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by oxidative stress in male albino rats; the effects were ameliorated by supplementation with selenium and Vitamin E in combination.

scholarly journals OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY DUE TO CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, AND LEAD: PROTECTIVE ROLE OF SELENIUM AND ZINC

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Tapasi Bhattacharjee ◽  
Soma Choudhuri ◽  
Dipayan Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Relevant Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Objective: This study assessed the effect of chronic exposure to a mixture of heavy metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) at a very low environmentally relevant dose along with the effect of coadministration of metallic antioxidants selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) on hepatic and renal function and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and kidney of female albino rats.Methods: A total of 24 female albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals of the control group received only distilled water. The treated group received mixture of heavy metals As (38.0 ppm), Cd (9.8 ppm), and Pb (22.0 ppm)/kg b.w./day. The supplemented groups received either sodium selenate (10 ppm) or Zn chloride (20 ppm) along with mixture of heavy metals. The treatment period was 90 consecutive days.Results: There was a significant increase in serum glucose, cholesterol, urea and creatinine and decrease in protein and albumin levels in the rats treated with mixture of heavy metals. The activities of serum enzymes, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver and kidney of treated animals were also increased. The activities of different oxidative enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and the levels of glutathione reduced significantly and level of malondialdehyde increased in rats treated with metal mixture. Histopathology of liver and kidney tissues exhibited toxic symptoms in treated animals. All the deleterious effects were reversed by cotreatment with either Se or Zn.Conclusion: Both Se and Zn provided protection against oxidative damage and hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects produced due to exposure to a mixture of heavy metals As, Cd, and Pb at a very low environmentally relevant dose in female rats for 3 months.

scholarly journals Effect of Testosterone on Lead Acetate Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Nazar Mohammed Shareef Mahmood ◽  
Sarkawt Hamad Ameen Hamad ◽  
Dlshad Hussein Hassan ◽  
Karwan Ismael Othman
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Adverse Influence

The toxicity of lead acetate (L. A.) concerned to public health disruptor due to its persistence in the environment and it has the adverse influence on the human and animal health as well. It causes physiological,biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans. Histologically it has a negative effect on the liver which is considered one of the major target organs where acts as detoxification machine by elimination the toxic substance from the blood in rich with it.  As well as it affects kidneys that are the two of the most filtering organs. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the histopathological effect of L.A. on liver and kidney tissues in male rats. Twenty male rats involved in the study were equally and randomly divided into two groups each of them involved 10 animals. Group I (castrated rats) and Group II (control) each group received 80mg/L of lead acetate dissolved in one liter distilled water by drinking for 15 days. Histological sections showed some alterations including abnormal architecture, cell degeneration, nuclear degeneration, hyperchromatic hepatocytes, immune cells, degeneration in tubules, dilation in sinusoids, dilation in central vein of liver increased bowman's space glomerular atrophy degeneration of tubular cells in liver and kidney tissues of rats in castrated rats from control group. But the size of degenerated tissue was more severe in castrated male rats. It was concluded that the castration process could produce a hypogonadism and decreased testosterone which owns many receptors in kidney and liver may produce adverse influence with L.A. administration.

scholarly journals Effect of chronic exposure to cadmium on serum lipid, lipoprotein and oxidative stress indices in male rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽  
Mahmoud M. Shabestari ◽  
Farahzad Jabbari Azad ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxic metal implicated in lipid abnormalities. The present study was designed to elucidate the possible association between chronic exposure to Cd concentration and alterations in plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and oxidative stress indices in rats. Sixteen male rats were assigned to 2 groups of 8 rats each (test and control). The Cd-exposed group obtained drinking water containing cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in the concentration of 2.0 mg Cd/L in drinking water for 3 months. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were obtained to determine the changes of serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and also serum Cd contents. The results of the present study indicated that Cd administration significantly increased the serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, MDA and Cd with reduction in the HDL-C and GSH levels. In conclusion, evidence is presented that chronic exposure to low Cd concentration can adversely affect the lipid and lipoprotein profile via lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney in male Wistar albino rats following exposure to Solignum®: a permethrincontaining wood preservative

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu ◽  
Iniobong A. Charles
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The present investigation was aimed to determine the effect of sub-chronic exposure to Solignum<sup>®</sup>, a permethrin-containing wood preservative on biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidneys of male Wistar albino rats. Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control and three treatment concentrations containing 8 rats each. The treatment groups were exposed to Solignum<sup>®</sup> at dose rates of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively per day orally for four weeks. Data obtained from the study showed a progressive increase in the body weight of rats in control whereas, rats treated with different concentrations (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) of Solignum<sup>®</sup> decreased significantly (≤0.05) especially at the end of the second and fourth week when compared with control. On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in the relative liver weights of rats treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg BW Solignum<sup>®</sup> while rats treated with 400 mg/kg BW showed a significant increase when compared with control. The relative weight of kidneys in experimental groups increased significantly when compared with control. Biochemical analysis results illustrated that there was a significant increase in marker enzymes namely alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity at the end of the fourth week. Similarly, total bilirubin, serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup>) levels increased in a dose dependent manner in treated rats when compared with untreated control group. Serum total protein decreased significantly in experimental rats when compared with control. However, cholesterol and triglycerides showed no significant difference when compared with control. Histopathological examination of hepatocytes in treated rats was characterized by mild periportal inflammatory cells and cytoplasmic degeneration. Furthermore, histopathological examination of rat kidneys revealed inflammatory cells, congested vessel and interstitial hemorrhage in rats treated with Solignum<sup>®</sup>. Therefore, this present study is aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potentials associated with sub-chronic exposure to the commercial pesticide Solignum<sup>®</sup>.

scholarly journals Amelorative effect of olive oil against hepatorenal toxicity of cefotaxime in albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. A. Elkomy ◽  
Mossad G. E Elsayed ◽  
Faten I. El sayed ◽  
Ahmed A. Abd el atey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Protein Level ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Due to great hazard effects of antibiotic the following study aimed to investigate the adverse effect of cefotaxime in biochemical, oxidative status and histological examination of Liver and kidney tissue as well as the protective effect of olive oil. Twenty four male Wister albino rats were randomly divided into main four groups including: - G (1): Served as control group and it includes six rats, they were administrated 0.5ml of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. G (2): it includes six rats, they were administered 5ml/kg olive oil orally for 14 consecutive days. G (3): it includes six rats, they were administrated 90mg/kg body weight/twice daily of cefotaxime intramuscular for 14 consecutive days. G (4): it includes six rats, they were administered 5ml/kg olive oil orally concurrently with 90mg/kg body weight/twice daily of cefotaxime. Results revealed that cefotaxime induced significant increases in liver and kidney function parameters including AST, ALT, ALP. creatinine, and urea as well as decrease in albumin and total protein level. Moreover, marked an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreases in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels. that indicate oxidative stress levels expression in the hepatic and renal tissues following cefotaxime administration. On the beneficial side oral administration of olive oil at the dose 5ml/kg for 14 days significantly mitigate theses toxic effects. So it is concluded that olive oil has great hepatorenal antioxidant effect. 

scholarly journals Effect of zinc supplementation on chronic hepatorenal toxicity following oral exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (Bushfire®) in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052092534
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Vandi Tizhe ◽  
Najume Dogon-Giginya Ibrahim ◽  
Mohammed Yakasai Fatihu ◽  
Suleiman Folorunsho Ambali ◽  
Ikechukwu Onyebuchi Igbokwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Renal Tubular

Objectives To assess the effects of zinc pretreatment on hepatorenal toxicity following chronic exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides in male rats. Methods Following zinc pretreatment (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg), 14.4 to 750 mg/kg of oral glyphosate (Bushfire® herbicide) was administered daily for 36 weeks. Thereafter, serum samples were obtained following jugular venipuncture. Liver and kidney samples were processed for histopathological examination. Results Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activity as well as levels of bicarbonate, calcium, creatinine were significantly increased following chronic exposure to Bushfire®. Serum levels of sodium, potassium, chloride, total protein, albumin, globulin and urea were unchanged. Moderate to severe coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes as well as glomerular and renal tubular necrosis were observed in herbicide-treated rats. Zinc pretreatment reduced the elevation of serum enzymes associated with hepatobiliary lesions, abrogated hypercalcemia and metabolic alkalosis, and mitigated serum accumulation of creatinine following Bushfire® exposure, but was ineffective in completely preventing histological lesions. Conclusion Chronic Bushfire® exposure in rats caused hepatorenal toxicity. The effects of exposure on serum parameters were ameliorated by zinc pretreatment, but the histopathological changes associated with toxicity persisted in milder forms in zinc-pretreated animals.

scholarly journals Ameliorating Iron Overload in Intestinal Tissue of Adult Male Rats: Quercetin vs Deferoxamine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa A. El-Sheikh ◽  
Shimaa Hamed Ameen ◽  
Samaa Salah AbdEl-Fatah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tissue Iron ◽  
Small Intestinal

Objective. The aim of our study is to compare the role of the new natural alternative (Quercetin) with the current iron-chelation therapy (Deferoxamine (DFO)) in the effect of iron overload on small intestinal tissues and to investigate the possible underlying molecular mechanisms of such toxicity. Methods. Forty-two adult male albino rats were divided into six groups: control groups, DFO, Quercetin, iron overload, iron overload+DFO, and iron overload+Quercetin groups. Animals received daily intraperitoneal injection of Deferoxamine (125 mg /kg), Quercetin (10 mg/kg), and ferric dextran (200 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. Results. Iron overloaded group showed significant increase in serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation percentage (TS %) hepcidin (HEPC), serum ferritin, nontransferrin bound iron (NTBI), and small intestinal tissues iron levels. Iron overload significantly increased the serum oxidative stress indicator (MDA) and reduced serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC). On the other hand, iron overload increased IL6 and reduced IL10 in small intestinal tissues reflecting inflammatory condition and increased caspase 3 reactivity indicating apoptosis and increased iNOs expressing cell indicting oxidative stress especially in ileum. In addition, it induced small intestinal tissues pathological alterations. The treatment with Quercetin showed nonsignificant differences as compared to treatment with DFO that chelated the serum and tissue iron and improved the oxidative stress and reduced tissue IL6 and increased IL10 and decreased caspase 3 and iNOs expressing cells in small intestinal tissues. Moreover, it ameliorated the iron overload induced pathological alterations. Conclusion. Our study showed the potential role of Quercetin as iron chelator like DFO in case of iron overload induced small intestinal toxicity in adult rats because of its serum and tissue iron chelation, improvement of serum, and small intestinal oxidative stress, ameliorating iron induced intestinal inflammation, apoptosis, and histopathological alterations.

Chronic Addiction to Tramadol and Withdrawal Effect on the Spermatogenesis and Testicular Tissues in Adult Male Albino Rats

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 202-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan Abdel-Latif Ibrahim ◽  
Alaa-Eldin Salah-Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Withdrawal Effect

Aim: The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of tramadol on the testicular functions of adult male rats due to the chronic usage of tramadol and the effect of its withdrawal. Method: Adult male albino rats were classified into the following 3 groups: (I) a control administered with normal saline and (II) tramadol-treated rats (40 mg/kg b.w. orally) for 21 successive days; and (III) like the rats in the second group but kept for 4 weeks after the last tramadol dose to study the effect of tramadol withdrawal. At the end of the experimental period, blood was collected and specimens from testis were taken for histopathological, biochemical, and molecular studies. A reverse transcription-polymerized chain reaction after RNA extraction from specimens was detected for the anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes in testicular tissues. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured in tissues homogenate and antioxidant enzymes activities were evaluated. Results: The results of this study demonstrated histological changes in testicular tissues in groups II and III compared to the control group, accompanied with increased apoptotic index and proved by increased B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) associated-X-protein and caspase-3 expression, whereas anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 markedly decreased. Moreover, in tramadol-abused and -withdrawal groups, the MDA level increased, while the antioxidant enzymes activity decreased and revealed oxidative stress, indicating that tramadol is harmful at the cellular level and can induce apoptotic changes in testicular tissues. The withdrawal effect showed signs of improvement, but it did not return to normal levels. Conclusions: It could be concluded that the administration of tramadol causes abnormalities on testicular tissues associated with oxidative stress, which confirmed the risk of increased oxidative stress on testicular tissues due to tramadol abuse.

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