Effects Of High Dosage of Codeine - Containing Cough Syrup Administration on Some Biochemical Parameters of Liver in Albino Rats

The study aimed to determine the effect of a high dosage of codeine-containing cough syrup administration on some biochemical parameters of the liver in albino rats. Codeine at 80 mg/kg/day, 160 mg/kg/day, 240 mg/kg/day, 320 mg/kg/day cough syrup were administered orally to albino rats for 21 days, biochemical parameters were analyzed for the activities of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Bilirubin, Total protein and Albumin. Results obtained revealed that a high dosage of codeine administration significantly increased plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin and albumin while it reduced total protein level when compared with the control rats. The study confirmed the risk of increased hepatotoxicity due to a high dosage of codeine administration. Although codeine is reported to be effective in pain management, its toxicity should be kept in mind.

Bovine Serum as an Alternative to Control Serum for Total Protein Levels

Total protein describes the liver's ability to synthesize proteins and metabolize substances in the blood. Bovine serum can be used as a control material because the total protein analyte in bovine blood serum is almost identical to the analyte in human serum. The researchers intend to determine the homogeneity and stability of bovine serum with the addition of 7,5% ethylene glycol preservative after being stored for 12 weeks at -20°C as an alternative to control serum for total protein levels. This research used survey analytics using a one-group pretest-posttest research design. Data analysis used ISO 13528 2005 calculations. From the examination of the total protein level in the serum, the value of Xr – Yr = 0.23817, which is where the value meets the test criteria according to | Xr - Yr | <0.36, that is 0.23817 <0.91585. The total protein content of bovine serum was homogeneous and stable with the addition of 7.5% ethylene glycol stored at -20oC for 12 weeks.

THE EFFECT OF TRYPANOSOMOSIS ON PLASMA PROTEIN LEVELS IN INDIGENOUS CATTLE

A field survey involving 180 adult white Fulani cattle was carried out in the Guinea Savannah and Derived Savannah vegetational zones of South Western Nigeria to determine the effect of natural trypanosomal infection on plasma protein levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent examination were used as diagnostic indices. The results showed a prevalence of 36.7% mixed infection in the animals sampled. It was also observed that the albumin level was lowered, globulin level increased and the total protein level was slightly on the increase. Trypanosomal infection in this study therefore affects the concentration of total and differential plasma protein levels in indigenous cattle.

Amelorative effect of olive oil against hepatorenal toxicity of cefotaxime in albino rats

Due to great hazard effects of antibiotic the following study aimed to investigate the adverse effect of cefotaxime in biochemical, oxidative status and histological examination of Liver and kidney tissue as well as the protective effect of olive oil. Twenty four male Wister albino rats were randomly divided into main four groups including: - G (1): Served as control group and it includes six rats, they were administrated 0.5ml of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. G (2): it includes six rats, they were administered 5ml/kg olive oil orally for 14 consecutive days. G (3): it includes six rats, they were administrated 90mg/kg body weight/twice daily of cefotaxime intramuscular for 14 consecutive days. G (4): it includes six rats, they were administered 5ml/kg olive oil orally concurrently with 90mg/kg body weight/twice daily of cefotaxime. Results revealed that cefotaxime induced significant increases in liver and kidney function parameters including AST, ALT, ALP. creatinine, and urea as well as decrease in albumin and total protein level. Moreover, marked an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreases in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels. that indicate oxidative stress levels expression in the hepatic and renal tissues following cefotaxime administration. On the beneficial side oral administration of olive oil at the dose 5ml/kg for 14 days significantly mitigate theses toxic effects. So it is concluded that olive oil has great hepatorenal antioxidant effect.

Histological and Hepatic Enzymes Response of Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias anguillaris to Pollution in Asa River, Ilorin

Fish can be considered as a good organism for bio-indicator in aquatic habitats as they accumulate contaminant from the water bodies through food. Aquatic ecosystem pollutants response in fishes can lead to biochemical changes and histological alterations. This present the need in assessing ecological and public health effect of toxicity in Asa river on the selected fish samples that are commercially important in the environment. Two stations of Asa river were selected where water and fish were collected for physicochemical parameters of the water, enzymatic and histological investigations in the laboratory in April, 2019. The heavy metals of the water in Unity area of Asa river was higher than that of the standard limit and Asa reservoir. There was an increase in the ALT, AST and ALP biochemical analysis carried out on Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias anguillaris with reduction in total protein level in Unity station. The histopathology of the gills of both Clarias anguillaris and Oreochromis niloticus found in Unity station of Asa river revealed thinner and loner secondary lamella in degenerating secondary lamella and mildly distorted cartilage with epithelial lining in Clarias anguillaris. Hence, proper management of the river is necessary to restore the ecology and make the water fit for use.

Histological and Biochemical Study on Mitigation of Dichlorvos-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Mimosa Pudica in Mice

Objective Exposure of dichlorvos-contaminated foods, water and environment can lead to decrease in proper liver function. Thus, Mimosa pudica(MP)is being investigated in the present study to determine its protective effect on dichlorvos induced hepatotoxity in Mice. Methods Fifty adult male BALB/c mice weighing between 20-30g were randomly assigned into 5 groups of 10 animals each (Groups A, B, C, D, and E). Group A as the control Group received normal feed, group B received 0.1 ml of MP, group C was given 40 g of 2.5% Dichlorvos (DDVP) for 28 days. While, group D were given 40 g of 2.5% DDVP with 0.1ml of MP and group E animals were given DDVP for half the period of administration, normal feed and 0.1ml MP for 14 days. Histological and biochemical preparations of the liver were processed and data were expressed as mean± SEM. Significant difference was set at p<0.05. Results ALT activity and the total protein level of the liver show no significant increase (P < 0.005) when compared with the control. AST and ALP activities were significantly increased in animals given DDVP with subsequent MP treatment when compared with the controls. Histological studies revealed distortion of normal hepatic histoarchitecture in DDVP group B and MP groups mitigated these changes in the treated groups. Conclusion Dichlorvos caused tissue distortion in the mice with prominent toxic effects on the liver while MP extract showed ameliorative effects on the liver that was exposed to DDVP

Evaluation of some biochemical and Hematological parameters for Changes Associated with Diarrhea in Calves

This study aimed to identify the serological and hematological changes which were associated with diarrhea in calves. The study conducts on 62 calves their age range from 1 month to 6 months. The experiment started from September 2018 to March 2019. The samples consist of 42 calves with diarrhea and 20 healthy for comparison. Blood samples were taken for blood components and biochemical determination. The study showed a significant increase (p in hemoglobin, PCV and white blood cells (p . The biochemical tests showed a significant increase (p in globulin, potassium and phosphorus ions. Significant decrease (p was occurred in albumin and sodium, and no significant changes in total protein level and chloride ions concentration. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.25.2020.002

EFFECTS OF A TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AND THROMBOXANE A2 SYNTHASE INHIBITOR DRUG COMBINATION ON ALBUMIN AND TOTAL PROTEIN LEVEL WITH DIFFERENT DOSES IN RATS

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the combined as well as individual effects of a typical antipsychotic and thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor on albumin and total protein level with minimum and maximum dose comparison in rats. Methods: This study consisted of 100 albino rats of 300 to 340 g from both gender, there were 10 groups, each contained 10 rats (n=10). Rats were treated with defined dose of zuclopenthixol (Zuclo) and ozagrel (Ozg) for 21 days (3 weeks). Blood samples were collected at 0, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of study. Albumin and total protein level were examined from blood samples using standard laboratory procedure. Results are extracted by applying statistical analysis on data and comparing percentage variation from 0-day value. Results: A typical antipsychotic-treated group showed gradually significant increase in albumin and total protein level, TXA2 synthase inhibitor-treated group also showed significant gradually increase in albumin and total protein level in combination groups, they showed highly significant increase p<0.001 in both parameter with maximum dose. Conclusion: Combination treatment with zuclopenthixol (Zuclo) and ozagrel (Ozg) can cause large increase on albumin and total protein level with maximum dose as compare to individual drug treatment.

ANALYSIS OFSOME COMPONENTS OF BLOOD PROTEOME IN “HEALTHY POPULATION” OF RUSSIAN MEGAPOLIS

The aim of the study was to study some components of blood proteome in healthy megapolis population. Methods: The study included 2025 people examined in the framework of preventive medical examination and referred to its results to 1–2 groups of health (the category of healthy people) and did not have at the time of examination of chronic and acute diseases. The age of the examined persons was in the range of 20–50 years (median — 34.8 years). Total protein level, plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein, ferritin and homocysteine were selected as markers of blood proteome. Results: Our screening study allowed establishing that a significant part of the population of the megapolis, classified as practically healthy persons, has deviations from the physiological interval for a number of proteome components. This is most evident in shifts in plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein and ferritin. So, in more than half of the individuals levels of C-reactive protein was outside the normal range. The distribution structure for ferritin shows the opposite trend