scholarly journals OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY DUE TO CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, AND LEAD: PROTECTIVE ROLE OF SELENIUM AND ZINC

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Tapasi Bhattacharjee ◽  
Soma Choudhuri ◽  
Dipayan Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Relevant Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Objective: This study assessed the effect of chronic exposure to a mixture of heavy metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) at a very low environmentally relevant dose along with the effect of coadministration of metallic antioxidants selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) on hepatic and renal function and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and kidney of female albino rats.Methods: A total of 24 female albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals of the control group received only distilled water. The treated group received mixture of heavy metals As (38.0 ppm), Cd (9.8 ppm), and Pb (22.0 ppm)/kg b.w./day. The supplemented groups received either sodium selenate (10 ppm) or Zn chloride (20 ppm) along with mixture of heavy metals. The treatment period was 90 consecutive days.Results: There was a significant increase in serum glucose, cholesterol, urea and creatinine and decrease in protein and albumin levels in the rats treated with mixture of heavy metals. The activities of serum enzymes, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver and kidney of treated animals were also increased. The activities of different oxidative enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and the levels of glutathione reduced significantly and level of malondialdehyde increased in rats treated with metal mixture. Histopathology of liver and kidney tissues exhibited toxic symptoms in treated animals. All the deleterious effects were reversed by cotreatment with either Se or Zn.Conclusion: Both Se and Zn provided protection against oxidative damage and hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects produced due to exposure to a mixture of heavy metals As, Cd, and Pb at a very low environmentally relevant dose in female rats for 3 months.

scholarly journals MODULATORY ROLE OF SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS EXPOSED SUB-CHRONICALLY TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
SOMA CHOUDHURI ◽  
JAHNABI SAHA ◽  
SANDEEP DAS ◽  
DIPAYAN CHOUDHURI
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Relevant Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Objective: The present study assessed the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress induced by chronic exposure to a very low environmentally relevant dose of hexavalent chromium along with the ameliorative potential of selenium and Vitamin E in male rats. Methods: Twenty-four male albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals of control group received only distilled water. The treated group received solution of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) at a dose of 1 mg/kg b.w./day. The third group received sodium selenate (0.25 mg/kg bw) plus Vitamin E (100 mg/kg bw). The supplemented group received sodium selenate plus Vitamin E along with K2Cr2O7 solution. The animals were treated for 90 consecutive days. Results: There was a significant decrease in body weight gain and an increase in liver and kidney weight along with an increase in serum glucose, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine; a decrease in protein and albumin levels in the rats treated with K2Cr2O7. The activities of serum enzymes, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase, were also increased in treated animals. The activities of enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, GPx and the levels of GSH reduced significantly and level of malondialdehyde increased in K2Cr2O7 treated rats. Liver and kidney tissues exhibited features of toxicity in chromium treated animals. All the effects were reversed in supplemented group. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to K2Cr2O7 at a very low environmentally relevant dose caused hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by oxidative stress in male albino rats; the effects were ameliorated by supplementation with selenium and Vitamin E in combination.

scholarly journals Propolis Protective Effects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity via Suppression of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Histopathological Alterations in Female Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1762-1777
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Treatment Protocols

Doxorubicin (DOX) is effective chemotherapy in several malignancies, but large-scale toxicities limit its clinical usefulness. Propolis has been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. We aim to assess the protective efficacy of propolis against DOX-induced multi-toxicity in female rats. Forty female rats were divided into four groups: control group; Group (P) were administrated oral propolis (100 mg/kg once daily for 28 days); Group (P+DOX) were injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of DOX (20 mg/kg i.p at 24th day after the propolis administration) and group (DOX) were injected with doxorubicin only. Estimation of cardiac, renal and hepatic injury markers, apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines were done using sera. Also, liver and heart tissue samples were collected to determine GSH and MDA as oxidative stress markers. In addition to histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of Cytochrome-C and Connexin43 on lysed myocardium, liver, kidney and lung tissues. Doxorubicin toxicity caused marked deteriorations of measured parameters through the different mechanisms in different body organs. However, pre-treatment with propolis significantly ameliorated these alterations. Thus propolis can ameliorate the DOX-induced experimental multi-toxicity as cardiomyopathy, hepatotoxicity, nephritis and pneumonia. Thus, it could be a promising protective agent in DOX treatment protocols.

scholarly journals Amelorative effect of olive oil against hepatorenal toxicity of cefotaxime in albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. A. Elkomy ◽  
Mossad G. E Elsayed ◽  
Faten I. El sayed ◽  
Ahmed A. Abd el atey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Protein Level ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Due to great hazard effects of antibiotic the following study aimed to investigate the adverse effect of cefotaxime in biochemical, oxidative status and histological examination of Liver and kidney tissue as well as the protective effect of olive oil. Twenty four male Wister albino rats were randomly divided into main four groups including: - G (1): Served as control group and it includes six rats, they were administrated 0.5ml of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. G (2): it includes six rats, they were administered 5ml/kg olive oil orally for 14 consecutive days. G (3): it includes six rats, they were administrated 90mg/kg body weight/twice daily of cefotaxime intramuscular for 14 consecutive days. G (4): it includes six rats, they were administered 5ml/kg olive oil orally concurrently with 90mg/kg body weight/twice daily of cefotaxime. Results revealed that cefotaxime induced significant increases in liver and kidney function parameters including AST, ALT, ALP. creatinine, and urea as well as decrease in albumin and total protein level. Moreover, marked an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreases in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels. that indicate oxidative stress levels expression in the hepatic and renal tissues following cefotaxime administration. On the beneficial side oral administration of olive oil at the dose 5ml/kg for 14 days significantly mitigate theses toxic effects. So it is concluded that olive oil has great hepatorenal antioxidant effect. 

scholarly journals Edible Mushroom significantly ameliorated Hepatorenal Toxicity of Butyl Paraben (BP) in Albino Rats.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassahun berhane
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions

Abstract Introduction: Parabens are used commonly as preservatives in a range of cosmetics applied to the under arm and breast area as well as popular preservatives because of their cost.Aim of the work: This study was done to evaluate the neprohepatic toxicity of parabens. Materials and methods: Thirty adult female rats were used and given paraben orally for six months at parabens at dose of 10 % of the LD50 equal to 4.6mg\kg.bw. Mushroom was given orally to at dose of 10 mg/kg/day for six months too. Results: Oral administration of BP induced biochemical and histopathological changes. Biochemical changes: BP toxicity manifested by changes in the liver and kidney function tests manifested by increase AST, ALT, Bilirubin, urea and createnine with decreases to plasma proteins in comparison to control group. Giving mushroom caused amelioration to the nephrohepatic toxicity by inducing recovery in liver and kidney functions in comparison to paraben treated group. For histopathological findings: BP induced vascular congestion in liver and kidney in association with necrotic changes in the hepatorenal epithelium which improved after mushroom treatment. Conclusion: BP induced hepatorenal toxicity which improved by mushroom treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of Separate and Combined Chronic Ingestion of Codeine and Tramadol on Feeding Behaviour of Female Albino Rats.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Balogun ◽  
J.I. Osuh ◽  
O.O. Onibokun
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Chronic Ingestion ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
And Control

Tramadol and codeine are both opioids used for pain control and management but are prone to misuse and abuse despite the various side effects. This study, therefore, examined the effects of chronic exposure to Codeine and Tramadol on feeding behaviour. Twenty-Four (24) Female Albino Rats weighing between 150-200g and 4-6 weeks old, were used. They were divided into 4 experimental groups of Codeine, Tramadol, combined Codeine and Tramadol and Control groups with 6 rats in each group and exposed to 8mg/kg of codeine, 20mg/kg of tramadol, combined 8mg/kg of codeine and 20mg/kg of tramadol, and normal saline for 28 days. Records of the amount of food ingested and the bodyweight of the rats were taken daily for the duration of the experiment. Randomized block ANOVA showed a significant effect of Codeine and Tramadol on feeding behavior (F (3,641) = 25.53, p < 0.001, η2= .11), and body weight (F (3,641) = 76.67, p < 0.001, η2= .26), among the female rats. Female rats in the combined codeine and tramadol group ingested less food (x ̅=33.45), compared to codeine group alone (x ̅=40.71), tramadol group alone (x ̅=39.96) and control group (x ̅=49.38).  Female rats in the combined codeine and tramadol group gained less weight (x ̅=132.67), compared to codeine group alone (x ̅=137.67), tramadol group alone (x ̅=133.33), and control group (x ̅=164.25). The mean differences were significant (p<.001). It was concluded that chronic exposure to tramadol and codeine has effects on feeding behaviour and subsequent body weight.

Effect of Exposure to Mixture of Heavy Metals Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead on Reproductive Function and Oxidative Stress in Female Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choudhuri D. ◽  
Bhattacharjee T.
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Live Fetus

Background : Toxicological consequences arising from exposure to mixtures of heavy metals especially at low, chronic and environmentally relevant doses are poorly recognised. In the present study, we evaluated effects of chronic exposure to combinations of three metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) present frequently in drinking water on reproductive function and oxidative damage caused to reproductive organs of female rats. Method : Female rats were exposed to mixture of metals (As, Cdand Pb) for 90 consecutive days. The gain in body weight and weight of reproductive organs were recorded following autopsy on 91 stday. The oestrus cycle were monitored during entire treatment period. Numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live fetus and survival of the fetus were evaluated in rats mated successfully with untreated male after completion of their respective treatment. Ovarian cholesterol, protein, ascorbic acid and enzyme Δ 5 -3β HSD levels were estimated. Serum levels of steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone were estimated. Histopathological picture of both ovary and uterus were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity, amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) in blood, ovary and uterus were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results : The treated rats showed reduced body weight gain and reduction in the weight of ovary and uterus. Oestrus cycle was disrupted with continuous diestrous in treated animals. Number of corpora lutea, implantation sites and live fetus and the survival of fetus evaluate were reduced significantly in treated groups. The levels of ovarian cholesterol and ascorbic acid increased in treated rats with decrease Δ5 -3β HSD level. There was reduction in serum level of both the ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The protein levels did not differ between the groups. There was a significant increase in levels of MDA and decrease in levels of all the antioxidant enzymes in treated group. Conclusion : The results revealed there was disruption to reproductive functions with decrease in stereoidogenic activity and associated oxidative stress in female rats treated with combination of mixture of metals (Cd, As and Pb) at low dose for 90 consecutive days.

scholarly journals The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Gilda M. Iova ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽  
Olivia Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

Toxicological evaluation of hydroethanol leaf extract of Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) in rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtala Akanji Abdullahi ◽  
Elijah Oladapo Oyinloye ◽  
Akinyinka Alabi ◽  
Aderonke Adeyinka Aderinola ◽  
Luqman Opeyemi Ogunjimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract Objectives Several studies have established the ethnobotanical benefits of Pupalia lappacea (PL) in laboratory animals without extensive toxicological evaluation of its safety profiles. Thus, an extensive toxicological investigation of sub-chronic oral administration of the hydroethanol leaf extract of P. lappacea in rodents was carried out in this study. Methods Different groups of rats were treated orally with the extract (10, 50 and 250 mg/kg) daily for 90 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 90 days, some rats were left for additional 30 days without treatment for reversibility study. Blood and organs samples were collected for different evaluations at the end of study periods. Results The extract decreased the bodyweights, feeding and water intakes in female rats. PL increased the weights of the liver and kidney in male rats. PL increased the red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents in rats. PL (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Cyto-architectural distortions of the testes, liver and spleen were visible. Conclusions The findings showed that P. lappacea is relatively safe at lower doses but cautions should be taken at higher dose.

Effects of erdosteine on cyclosporin-A-induced nephrotoxicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tutanc ◽  
V Arica ◽  
N Yılmaz ◽  
A Nacar ◽  
I Zararsiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim: In cyclosporin-A (CsA)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective role of erdosteine against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopy in rats. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into four groups. Group 1 rats treated with sodium chloride served as the control, group 2 rats were treated with CsA, group 3 with CsA plus erdosteine, and group 4 with erdosteine alone. Animals were killed and blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) levels. Kidney sections were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as for histopathological changes. Results: In the CsA group, MDA, GSH-Px, BUN, and Cr levels were increased. The TP and ALB levels were decreased. These changes had been improved by erdosteine administration. Other biochemical parameters did not show any significant change. Conclusion: These results indicate that erdosteine produces a protective mechanism against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and suggest a role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis.

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