scholarly journals HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION COMBINATION OF MORINDA FRUIT AND CINNAMON BARK USING GLUCOSE-INDUCED IN MICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-166
Author(s):  
IDA MUSFIROH ◽  
NURFADILAH YUSUF ◽  
MOELYONO MOEKTIWARDOYO
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hypoglycemic Activity ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Cinnamon Bark

Objective: Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L) and cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) are plants that have the hypoglycemic effect on their ethyl acetate fraction in the single dose. This study was to determine the hypoglycemic activity of the combination of ethyl acetate fraction (FEM) and cinnamon bark (FEC) in glucose-induced mice, as well as the dose of the combination of FEM and FEC which could have a hypoglycemic effect. Methods: The methods were including extraction using liquid-liquid extraction, identification by TLC, and assay of hypoglycemic activity in mice induced by oral glucose for a moment in the eight groups that were normal control, negative control, positive control, dose 1-5. The activity tests were performed at 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th of minutes. Results: The research showed that the yield of FEM and FEC were 5.25% and 8.05%. Identification of compounds by TLC showed that the FEM and FEC were 4 and 3 spots. The results of a hypoglycemic test showed that the combination of FEM and FEC on glucose-induced mice showed a decreased effect of mice blood glucose levels better than a single dose of these fractions. Conclusion: The hypoglycemic activity test at a combined dose of FEM 175 mg/kg BW and FEC 150 mg/Kg BW have provided hypoglycemic activity better compared to other dose groups with a percentage decrease in average relative blood glucose at the 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th minute were 29.57%, 44.94%, 43.40% and 40.55%, respectively. Thus, the combination of the FEM and FEC in glucose-induced mice gave a hypoglycemic effect in mice.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic Effect of Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) Extract in Streptozocin (STZ) Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Laxmi Shrestha ◽  
Amit Shrivastava ◽  
Bishal Joshi ◽  
Buddhi Raj Pokhrel ◽  
Shanti Gurung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Standard Group

INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease worldwide. Nigella sativa also known as black cumin, is an emerging miracle herb with a rich historical and religious background. In the present study, we have attempted to study the hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa on diabetes-induced rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS This preclinical study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology from August to October 2019. In this study, hyperglycemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Animals were divided into five groups containing normal control, negative control, standard, test-1, and test-2. The aqueous extract of Nigella sativa was administered 400 and 800 mg/kg per oral in both the test groups for 18 days. Blood glucose level was measured at three-days interval by glucometer. Oral glucose tolerance test was done by administrating 2 gm/kg per oral glucose and the blood glucose was recorded every two-hours interval for eight hours. RESULTS An oral glucose tolerance test showed a decrease in blood glucose level at the dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg compared to the negative control group. The administration of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa for 18 days showed significant decrease in blood glucose level (p=0.001) compared to negative control group. The blood glucose level in test 1 (400 mg/kg) was significantly reduced compared to the standard group (p***<0.001). The blood glucose level in test 2 at 18th day was less significant (p*< 0.05) compared with standard group and test 1 (p**<0.01, p***<0.001). CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicate that the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa has significant hypoglycemic effect in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals The Hypoglycemic Effects of Ethanol Leaves Extract of Cymbopogon citratus and Its Fractions in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Joyce Temu ◽  
Haikael D. Martin ◽  
Elingarami Sauli
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hypoglycemic Activity ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Body Weight Dose

Varieties of plants including Cymbopogon citratus are traditionally used in controlling hyperglycemia by either stimulating insulin secretion, inhibition α- Glucosidase or α-amylase activity. Cymbopogon citratus leaves were shade dried, grinded into fine powder and then extracted by cold maceration using ethanol. Fractionation was done by VLC using dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. OGTT was performed for both crude extract and fractions. Diabetes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate (170 mg/kilogram body weight). The mice were treated with ethyl acetate fraction once daily at 400 mg/kilogram body weight dose for the period of 20 days.FBG and weight were then recorded in days 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 after six hours of fasting. Safety of crude water extract and ethyl acetate fractions were evaluated in mice by using Lorke’s method, followed by 5 days observation for their mortality and behavioral changes. Comparisons of results among groups were analyzed using One-way ANOVA. The difference between the means of the two population groups (each against negative control) was considered significant at p< 0.05. Results were expressed as mean ± SD. Both crude and ethyl acetate fractions from C. citratus showed significant hypoglycemic activity. Moreover, higher hypoglycemic activity was shown by ethyl acetate fraction (p = 0.004). No mortality was observed at 5000 mg/kilogram body weight dose but sleeping and tremor were observed at a 1000 -5000 mg/kilogram body weight dose. Good hypoglycemic and safety results from ethyl acetate fraction highly suggest that Cymbopogon citratus extracts are effective against insulin-dependent hyperglycemia, which may be contributed by the action of the present of alkaloids, saponins, antraquinone, phenol and tannins. Isolation and testing of the active ingredients from the C. citratus extract are thus warranted for use in developing pharmaceutical anti-hyperglycemic drugs from this herbal plant.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN FRAKSI ETILASETAT KULIT UBI JALAR UNGU TERHADAP KADAR MALONDIALDEHID (MDA) SERUM MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN HIPERGLIKEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Ria Afrianti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

This study aims to determine the effect giving of ethylacetate fraction of leather  purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, on levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) serum in mice hyperglicemia were induced with streptozocin dose of 50 mg/kgBW. Mice were divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 3 tails, group I is a negative control, group II is a positive control, group III,IV and V is given ethylacetate fraction a dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 600 mg/kgBW. Ethyl Acetate Fraction leather purple sweet potato given orally for 15 days after the animal is declared hyperglicemia and measurement of blood glucose levels on 5, 10, and 15 day after giving test preparation in animal experiments. On the 16 day throughout the mice were taken serum levels measured malondialdehid. The statistical analysis results showed that giving of ethyl acetate fraction of leather purple sweet potato at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 600 mg/kgBW can lower blood glucose levels in mice hyperglycemia significantly (p<0.05). Malondialdehid levels on average in each group is 1.35 nmol/ml, 3.00 nmol/ml, 2.72 nmol/ml, 2.20 nmol/ml and 2.61 nmol/ml, the results of statistical analysis showed a decrease in melondialdehid serum levels were significantly (p<0.05), where a dose of 300 mg/kgBW is an effective dose for lowering blood glucose levels followed by decreased levels of malondialdehid which give effect approaching negative control.

scholarly journals The ethyl acetate fraction of a methanolic extract of unripe noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) fruit exhibits a biphasic effect on the dopaminergic system in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayapandi Pandy ◽  
Megala Narasingam ◽  
Kamini Vijeepallam ◽  
Syam Mohan ◽  
Vasudevan Mani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Biphasic Effect

Effect of Chayote (Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz) Extract on Level of Interleukin-8 in Wistar Rats with Aspirin-Induced Gastritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
◽  
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sechium Edule

ABSTRACT Background: Recent studies showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), activated cytokine immune response which plays an important role in the development of acute and chronic gastritis. Harmless anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, for example, the consumption of Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz (chayote). Antioxidant (flavonoid) and cell regeneration (alkaloid) agents were found in chayote. This study aimed to determine the effect of chayote Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz extracts on the level of IL-8 in Wistar rats with aspirin- induced gastritis. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatra Utara from January to February 2020. A total of 35 male Wistar rats was selected for this study and randomly allocated into 7 groups: (1) Negative control; (2) Positive control; (3) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract ; (4) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethanol extract; (5) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; (6) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; and (7) 20 mg omeprazole. The rats in positive control and treatment groups were induced with aspirin (200mg/ kg BW). The negative control group received no intervention. The dependent variable was level of IL-8 measured by ELISA. The independent variables were treatment status. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova and post hoc test. Results: The mean differences of IL-8 level were not statistically significant between study groups (p= 0.327). Mean of IL-8 level was higher in positive control group (Mean= 160.80; SD= 6.90) than in negative control group (Mean= 141.20; SD= 10.98). The lowest IL-8 level was in 100mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 149.94; SD= 40.4), followed by 200mg/ kg BW (Mean= 152.4; SD= 30.73) and 100mg/ kg BW (Mean= 164.60; SD= 25.04) chayote ethyl acetate fraction groups, 20 mg omeprazole group (Mean= 170.60; SD= 21.58), and 200 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 176.80; SD= 10.98). Conclusion: The low dose (100mg/ kg BW) chayote ethanol extract has the most potential antiinflammation effect on in vitro gastritis with the lowest IL-8 level of all doses of chayote ethanol extract, chayote ethyl acetate fraction, and omeprazole. Keywords: antiinflammation, IL-8, chayote ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, omeprazole, aspirin induced gastritis Correspondence: Hendrika Andriana Silitonga. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281361430688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.35

Comparative free radical scavenging and hypoglycemic activities of n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions of Azanza garckeana pulp

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abubakar A. Yusuf ◽  
Toheeb D. Yissa ◽  
Abdulhakeem Rotimi Agboola ◽  
Sodiq M Balogun ◽  
Peter O. Adeboye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing on a global trend. The aim of the present study is to identify the most effective antioxidants and hypoglycemic fraction of Azanza garckeana. Methods: The fractions (nhexane or ethyl-acetate or aqueous) of A. garckeana were administered to the alloxan-induced diabetic rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 15 days. Antioxidants activities were evaluated at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL using the DPPH scavenging assay. Results: Results revealed that both the hexane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions exhibited hypoglycemic and antioxidants activities in a dose-dependent manner. The n-hexane fraction demonstrated highest percentage DPPH scavenging effect of 26.34±3.43, 38.44±4.35, 59.34±3.45, and 74.83±5.35 at 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL respectively. The ethyl-acetate fraction demonstrated 19.33±2.98, 28.94±3.24, 47.34±2.90, and 57.82±4.54 respectively while the aqueous fraction exhibited the least activities of 12.45±23.45, 18.64±2.94, 27.94±3.89, and 39.43±3.89 at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL respectively. In addition, the n-hexane fraction demonstrated the most significant hypoglycemic effect with the highest glucose reduction of 58.97 ±3.45 %, 63.86±5.35 %, and 66.51±4.35 %, ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated glucose reduction of 7.55±0.54%, 21.77±2.35 %, and 29.56±3.46 % while the aqueous fraction demonstrated the least hypoglycemic effect of 9.89±2.67 %, 18.09±3.45 %, and 18.87±3.24 at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw respectively. Conclusion: The n-hexane fraction of Azanza garckeana extract could serve as a reservoir of bioactive agents that could be useful for the development of a new anti-diabetic agent

scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of the root extract of Uveria chamae

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emordi Jonathan Emeka ◽  
Agbaje Esther Oluwatoyin ◽  
Oreagba Ibrahim Adekunle ◽  
Iribhogbe Osede Ignis
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

<p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hypoglycaemic properties and preliminary phytochemical screening of <em>Uveria chamae</em>. The hypoglycaemic properties of <em>Uveria chamae</em> was assessed on normoglycaemic rat that received single dose of the extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight and blood glucose levels estimated at 2, 4, and 6 hours (single dose study). The hypoglycaemic property of the extract was also evaluated in normoglycemic rats by oral glucose tolerance test. Phytochemical screening of the extract for the presence of secondary metabolites was performed with standard methods. The extract showed a significant (p&lt;0.05) reduction in blood glucose levels at 2h and 6h compared to control.  The oral glucose tolerance test  result also showed a significant decrease (p&lt;0.05) in blood glucose levels . The study showed that the extract, <em>Uveria chamae</em> has hypoglycaemic properties which may be accounted for by the presence of the phytochemicals.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Effect of Root Extract Fractions of Kyllinga triceps Rottb on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Swaroopa Rani Vanapatla ◽  
G Krishna Mohan ◽  
B Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Acute Study

The present study was aimed to evaluate the root extract fractions of Kyllinga triceps (KT) for their antidiabetic potential on streptozotocin induced diabetes in neonatal rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (90mg/kg) to 48±2h old neonatal rats. Effect of root extract fractions (toluene, ethyl acetate, 1- butanol at 50 &100 mg/kg.) were tested for their antihyperglycemic activity by measuring their fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats at 0,2,4,6,8,12 & 24 h after the treatment. In sub acute study ethyl acetate fraction of KT (EAKT) was administered daily to diabetic rats orally at a dose of 100mg/kg for 28 days. Body weight of the animals and blood glucose level were observed at weekly interval during the study. Cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, SGPT, ALP, creatinine and total proteins level in serum were also estimated at the initial and after 28 days of the treatment. As the preliminary investigation conducted in our lab on methanolic extract of the roots of KT had showed significant oral glucose tolerance with 200 mg/kg in normal rats. Oral administration of fractions of the plant significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Among the fractions, EAKT was found to be more effective. Further, in sub-acute study, EAKT, showed a significant anti diabetic activity by reversal of the altered afore said serum biochemical parameters. The results of the study are substantiating the traditional claim of the roots of Kyllinga triceps in the treatment of diabetes with a scope for development of antidiabetic herbal drug from EAKT.   Key words: Antidiabetic activity; Kyllinga triceps; Ethyl acetate fraction; Streptozotocin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjps.v4i1.8863 SJPS 2011; 4(1): 25-30

scholarly journals Identification of Active Compound Extracts from Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) and Its Potential as Antioxidants

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Sogandi Sogandi ◽  
Rabima Rabima
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
First Time

Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit oxidation reactions by binding to free radicals and highly reactive molecules. One form of reactive oxygen compounds is free radicals, these compounds are formed in the body and are triggered by various factors. Noni fruits have been used by the community as a medicine for high blood pressure, beriberi, urinating, inflammation of bile, inflammation of the intestine, dysentery, constipation, spleen pain, liver pain, diabetes and lumbago. Nevertheless, research on the identification of the active compounds of noni fruit which act as antioxidants yet. This study aims to extract and fractionation of Noni fruit, determine the antioxidant activity of Noni fruit extract, and identify the types of bioactive compounds that act as antioxidants. Noni fruit was extracted used maceration technique with 96% ethanol and then fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate solvents. Antioxidant activity from the results of noni fruit fractionation was measured by the DPPH (1.1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrachyl) method and identification of bioactive compounds was carried out by GCMS. The results showed the greatest antioxidant activity was found in chloroform fraction with a percentage of inhibition of 78.19%. For the first time this study revealed the types of bioactive compounds from noni fruit ethyl acetate fraction which act as antioxidants are n-hexadecanoic acid, squalene, pyridin-3-carboxamide, oxime, n- (2-trifluoro methyl phenyl), and beta-sitosterol

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