THERAPEUTIC POTENCY OF SWEET ORANGE JUICE OVER LIVER GENOTOXICITY INDUCED BY PESTICIDE LANNATE IN RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
THANAA MOSTAFA BADR ◽  
NOURA RADY MOHAMED
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to study the potential effect of sweet orange juice against liver genotoxicity induced by lannate. Methods: adult 36 female rats were divided into 6 groups: group C (control group), group L (lannate group) injected intraperitoneal (i. p.) with 1 mg/kg b. wt. lannate for one day, group J (orange juice group) orally administered a dose of 0.1 ml/10 g b. wt. of orange juice for 48 h, group J+L received the orange juice prior to lannate, group J with L received lannate in continuous with the orange juice and group L+J received lannate prior to the orange juice. Tested parameters were DNA fragmentation, micronucleus, histopathology examination and biochemical analysis. Results: it was found that, the intake of lannate caused high DNA fragmentation and significant increase (P<0.001) in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow. Furthermore, lannate exhibited some pathological changes in the liver tissues as well as a significant (P<0.001) decrease in the total antioxidative capacity (TAC) and a significant increase in the total oxidative capacity (TOC). On the other hand, orange juice administration of all treatments (pre-treatment, continuous and post-treatment) gave some amelioration against liver damage induced by lannate. While the best results were evidenced in the continuous treatment group where the juice could attenuate liver DNA fragmentation and significantly decreased (P<0.001) the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. In addition, it improved the induced degenerative histopathological changes as well as ameliorated the changes occurred in TAC and TOC significantly (P<0.001). Conclusion: the antigenotoxic impact of orange juice against lannate was therapeutic and hence can counteract the poisonous effect of the pesticide in people who exposed to it.

Induction of micronuclei in rat bone marrow after chronic exposure to lead acetate trihydrate

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Alghazal ◽  
I Šutiaková ◽  
N Kovalkovičová ◽  
J Legáth ◽  
M Falis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lead Acetate Trihydrate ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Acetate Trihydrate ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Lead increasingly contributes to pollution of the environment and may play a role in the development of adverse effects in the human and animal body. Data concerning its mutagenic, clastogenic, and carcinogenic properties have been conflicting. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow erythrocytes of rats treated with lead acetate trihydrate. Outbred Wistar rats were exposed to a daily dose of 100 mg/L drinking water for 125 days. The mean value of the total number of micronuclei observed in polychromatic erythrocytes of female rats was significantly higher than that found in the control group (13.375 ± 2.722 against 9.625 ± 3.204 micronuclei/1000 cells; P = 0.024 in ANOVA). In exposed female animals, no significant reduction of the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes was observed (0.990 ± 0.228 against 1.208 ± 0.195; P = 0.060 in ANOVA). The effects of lead acetate trihydrate in male rats are both cytotoxic and genotoxic because of a decrease in ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes (0.715 ± 0.431 against 1.343 ± 0.306; P = 0.023, ANOVA followed by Tukey test) and an increase in frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (24.167 ± 7.859 against 4.0 ± 4.528 micronuclei/1000 cells; P ≤ 0.001, ANOVA followed by Tukey test), respectively.

scholarly journals Liposomal Curcumin is Better than Curcumin to Alleviate Complications in Experimental Diabetic Mellitus

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Bulboacă ◽  
Alina Porfire ◽  
Lucia Tefas ◽  
Paul Boarescu ◽  
Sorana Bolboacă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Total Oxidative Stress ◽  
Better Than

Curcumin (CC) is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties and has already been tested for its efficiency in different diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM). New formulations and route administration were designed to obtain products with higher bioavailability. Our study aimed to test the effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of liposomal curcumin (lCC) as pre-treatment in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced DM in rats on oxidative stress, liver, and pancreatic functional parameters. Forty-two Wistar-Bratislava rats were randomly divided into six groups (seven animals/group): control (no diabetes), control-STZ (STZ-induced DM —60 mg/100g body weight a single dose intraperitoneal administration, and no CC pre-treatment), two groups with DM and CC pre-treatment (1mg/100g bw—STZ + CC1, 2 mg/100g bw—STZ + CC2), and two groups with DM and lCC pre-treatment (1 mg/100g bw—STZ + lCC1, 2 mg/100g bw—STZ + lCC1). Intraperitoneal administration of Curcumin in diabetic rats showed a significant reduction of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, total oxidative stress, and catalase for both evaluated formulations (CC and lCC) compared to control group (p < 0.005), with higher efficacy of lCC formulation compared to CC solution (p < 0.002, excepting catalase for STZ + CC2vs. STZ + lCC1when p = 0.0845). The CC and lCC showed hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic effects, a decrease in oxidative stress and improvement in anti-oxidative capacity status against STZ-induced DM in rats (p < 0.002). The lCC also proved better efficacy on MMP-2, and -9 plasma levels as compared to CC (p < 0.003, excepting STZ + CC2 vs. STZ + lCC1 comparison with p = 0.0553). The lCC demonstrated significantly better efficacy as compared to curcumin solution on all serum levels of the investigated markers, sustaining its possible use as adjuvant therapy in DM.

scholarly journals Micronucleated Erythrocytes in Peripheral Blood from Neonate Rats Exposed by Breastfeeding to Cyclophosphamide, Colchicine, or Cytosine-Arabinoside

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda C. Gómez-Meda ◽  
Luis R. Bañales-Martínez ◽  
Ana L. Zamora-Perez ◽  
María de Lourdes Lemus-Varela ◽  
Xóchitl Trujillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Genotoxic Compounds

Genotoxic exposure to chemical substances is common, and nursing mothers could transmit harmful substances or their metabolites to their offspring through breast milk. We explored the possibility of determining genotoxic effects in the erythrocytes of breastfeeding rat pups whose mothers received a genotoxic compound while nursing. Ten groups of female rats and five pups per dam were studied. The control group received sterile water, and the experimental groups received one of three different doses of cyclophosphamide, colchicine, or cytosine-arabinoside. Blood smears were prepared from samples taken from each dam and pup every 24 h for six days. There were increased numbers of micronucleated erythrocytes (MNEs) and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in the samples from pups in the experimental groups (P<0.02) and increased MNPCE frequencies in the samples from the dams (P<0.05). These results demonstrate the vertical transmission of the genotoxic effect of the compounds tested. In conclusion, assessing MNEs in breastfeeding neonate rats to assess DNA damage may be a useful approach for identifying genotoxic compounds and/or cytotoxic effects. This strategy could help in screening for therapeutic approaches that are genotoxic during the lactation stage and these assessments might also be helpful for developing preventive strategies to counteract harmful effects.

The effect of bromocriptine on mammary-gland ultrastructure of hyperprolactinemic rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
I.C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Alveolar Epithelium ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Long Evans

In women, hyperprolactinemia is often due to a prolactin (PRL)-secreting adenoma or PRL cell hyperplasia. RRL excess stimulates the mammary glands and causes proliferation of the alveolar epithelium. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, inhibits PRL secretion and is given to women to treat nonpuerperal galactorrhea. Old female rats have been reported to have PRL cell hyperplasia or adenoma leading to PRL hypersecretion and breast stimulation. Herein, we describe the effect of bromocriptine and consequently the reduction in serum PRL levels on the ultrastructure of rat mammary glands.Female Long-Evans rats, 23 months of age, were divided into control and bromocriptine-treated groups. The control animals were injected subcutaneously once daily with a 10% ethanol vehicle and were later divided into a normoprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels under 30 ng/ml and a hyperprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels above 30 ng/ml.

MODULATION OF TRIGLYCERIDES IN FEMALE RATTUS RATTUS WITH STEROID CONTRACEPTIVE ALGESTONE ACETOPHENIDE (DHPA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHOK KUMAR ◽  
ALPANA PARMAR ◽  
ANAND KUMAR BAJPEYEE
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Type ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Steroid Contraceptive

Young female Black rat (Rattus rattus), were administered monthly long acting steroid contraceptive to induce hypertriglyceridemia. It was observed that by 3 weeks of the second injection of estrogen containing mixed type of contraceptive, female rats developed consistent and frank hyperglyceridemia . TG in the treated rats was 195.8 ± 7.44 mg /100 ml as compared to 91.5 ± 6.27 mg/100ml in plasma of the control group.

Effect of Fetal and Neonatal Hypothyroidism on Glucose Tolerance in Middle-Aged Female Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Jeddi ◽  
Saeedeh Khalifi ◽  
Mahboubeh Ghanbari ◽  
Asghar Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background and objective: The effects of hypothyroidism during pregnancy and lactation on carbohydrate metabolism have been mostly studied in male animals. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate effect of fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism (FH and NH) on the glucose tolerance in middle-aged female rat offspring. Methods: Pregnant female rats were divided into three groups: Rats in the control group consumed tap water, while those in the FH and NH groups consumed 250 mg/L of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in their drinking water during gestation or lactation periods, respectively. After weaning, the female offspring were separated and divided into 3 groups (n=8/group): Control, FH, and NH. Body weight was recorded monthly and intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed at month 12. Results: Compared to controls, female rats in the FH group had significantly higher plasma glucose levels than controls throughout the IVGTT except at min 60. Values at min 5 of the FH and control group were 196.1±1.9 and 155.3±5.9 mg/dL, respectively (P<0.05). In the NH group, plasma glucose levels were significantly higher only at min 5 (185.7±14.1 vs. 155.3±5.9 mg/dL, P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism during fetal or neonatal periods caused glucose intolerance in middle-aged female offspring rats.

Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110018
Author(s):  
Yuri K Sinzato ◽  
Eduardo Klöppel ◽  
Carolina A Miranda ◽  
Verônyca G Paula ◽  
Larissa F Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of pan masala employing chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay in bone marrow cells of the mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
BN Mojidra ◽  
K. Archana ◽  
AK Gautam ◽  
Y. Verma ◽  
BC Lakkad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marrow Cells

Pan masala is commonly consumed in south-east Asian and other oriental countries as an alternate of tobacco chewing and smoking. Genotoxic potential of pan masala (pan masala plain and pan masala with tobacco known as gutkha) was evaluated employing chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) assay in vivo. Animals were exposed to three different doses (0.5%, 1.5% and 3%) of pan masala plain (PMP) and gutkha (PMT) through feed for a period of 6 months and micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations were studied in the bone marrow cells. Induction of mean micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) and normochromatic erythrocyte (MNNCE) was higher in both types of pan masala treated groups with respect to control group. Both pan masala plain and gutkha treatment significantly induced the frequency of MNPCE and MNNCE in the bone marrow cells, indicating the genotoxic potential. Furthermore, slight decline in the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes was also noticed, suggesting the cytotoxic potential even though the ratio was statistically non significant. A dose-dependent, significant increase in chromosome aberration was observed in both types of pan masala treated mice with respect to control. However, no significant difference in micronucleus and chromosomal aberration induction was noticed between two types of pan masala exposed (PMP and PMT) groups. Results suggest that both types of pan masala, i.e. plain and gutkha, have genotoxic potential.

scholarly journals Transcutaneous CO2 application accelerates fracture repair in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001129
Author(s):  
Takahiro Oda ◽  
Takahiro Niikura ◽  
Tomoaki Fukui ◽  
Keisuke Oe ◽  
Yu Kuroiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Shaft Fracture ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Biomechanical Assessment

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) negatively affects fracture repair by inhibiting endochondral ossification, chondrogenesis, callus formation, and angiogenesis. We previously reported that transcutaneous CO2 application accelerates fracture repair by promoting endochondral ossification and angiogenesis. The present study aimed to determine whether CO2 treatment would promote fracture repair in cases with type I DM.Research design and methodsA closed femoral shaft fracture was induced in female rats with streptozotocin-induced type I DM. CO2 treatment was performed five times a week for the CO2 group. Sham treatment, where CO2 was replaced with air, was performed for the control group. Radiographic, histologic, genetic, and biomechanical measurements were taken at several time points.ResultsRadiographic assessment demonstrated that fracture repair was induced in the CO2 group. Histologically, accelerated endochondral ossification and capillary formation were observed in the CO2 group. Immunohistochemical assessment indicated that early postfracture proliferation of chondrocytes in callus was enhanced in the CO2 group. Genetic assessment results suggested that cartilage and bone formation, angiogenesis, and vasodilation were upregulated in the CO2 group. Biomechanical assessment revealed enhanced mechanical strength in the CO2 group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CO2 treatment accelerates fracture repair in type I DM rats. CO2 treatment could be an effective strategy for delayed fracture repair due to DM.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes of submassive pulmonary embolism thrombolysis—an Indian experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem U. Rehman ◽  
Mohd Iqbal Dar ◽  
Manish Bansal ◽  
R. R. Kasliwal
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Massive Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Submassive Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is the most dangerous presentation of venous thromboembolic disease. The role of thrombolysis in massive pulmonary embolism has been studied extensively, but the same is not there for submassive pulmonary embolism. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of thrombolysis in acute submassive pulmonary embolism. This was a prospective, case-control, observational study. Patients presenting with acute submassive pulmonary embolism were divided into thrombolysis group and control group depending on whether they received thrombolysis plus anticoagulation or anticoagulation only, respectively. Results A total of 86 patients were included in the study. Forty-two patients were in the thrombolysis group, and 44 patients were in the control group. The mean ± SD age in the control and thrombolysis groups was 63.3 ± 14.7 and 56.4 ± 13.8 years, respectively. The two groups were well matched in sex distribution and associated comorbidities like COPD, active surgery, major trauma, and immobilization. On echocardiography, dilated RA/RV in pre-treatment vs. post-treatment was seen in 20 (45.5%) vs. 20 (45.5%) in the control group and 26 (61.9%) vs. 11 (26.2%) in the thrombolysis group. Similarly, RV systolic dysfunction in pre-treatment vs. post-treatment was seen in 24 (54.5%) vs. 21 (47.7%) in the control group and 22 (52.4%) vs. 8 (19.0%) in the thrombolysis group. Pulmonary artery pressure in pre-treatment vs. post-treatment was 64.4 ± 15.0 vs. 45.9 ± 9.9 mmHg in the control group and 68.3 ± 17.4 vs. 31.4 ± 6.9 mmHg in the thrombolysis group. In control vs. thrombolysis group, there were 5 vs. 1 death, 6 vs. 1 hemodynamic decompensation, and 6 vs. 1 patient needing mechanical ventilation. Conclusion Thrombolysis in submassive pulmonary embolism is associated with better right ventricular functions, lower pulmonary artery pressures, and comparable mortality rates.

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