scholarly journals Табу и эвфемизмы, связанные с рождением ребенка, в башкирском языке

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1667-1676
Author(s):  
Gulnaz R. Karimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Childless Woman ◽  
Folk Beliefs ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Evil Spirits ◽  
Almost All

Introduction. This article examines the use of taboos and euphemisms in birth-related vocabulary of the Bashkir language. Goals. The paper reveals both linguistic facts and those of traditional ritual culture, ethnic worldviews. The Bashkir birth-related taboo vocabulary has not been a subject of special research yet. Materials and Methods. Actual meanings of lexemes were identified through the use of author’s field materials collected during comprehensive expeditions (2004 to 2008), lexical and phraseological data from dictionaries of the Bashkir and other Turkic languages, dialectal materials stored by the Institute of History, Language and Literature (Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS). The work employs a number of linguistic research methods, such as the ethnolinguistic and comparative-descriptive ones, component analysis method, and that of lexicographic selection. Results. As is known, this group of words is mainly tabooed in the Bashkir language. The vocabulary associated with birth rites is sacred and reflects a complex set of ideas about a pregnant woman. Ritual actions, magical prohibitions are aimed at protecting the health of women and at the birth of a healthy offspring. In this case, the vocabulary denoting a childless woman, a pregnant woman and the concepts of ‘childbirth’ and ‘obstetric aid’ were tabooed. The paper clarifies that the concepts associated with birth rites in the Bashkir language are expressed by euphemisms to protect the mother and child from evil spirits and the evil eye. The author has recorded a large number of euphemisms denoting a pregnant woman (auyrly, auyrғakalyu, auyrayҡly, auyry bar, auyrkүtүreә, auyrlau, yөklө, etc), a childless woman (balakүrmәgәn, biҙәү, tүlһeҙ, ҡyҫır, irғoraҡ and others), and those denoting the concept of ‘childbirth’ (bala tabyu, kureneү, bәpeslәү, bәpәilәү, ҡotolou, bushanyu, donyaғa keileү, etc.). Taboos and euphemisms of birth rites play an important role in the development of the vocabulary of the Bashkir language. The available materials on this topic require further systematization with the involvement of linguistic analysis. Over time, many archaisms disappeared from the modern vocabulary, while others have been used only in certain dialects of the Bashkirs. Almost all euphemistic vocabulary is represented by word combinations from common Turkic lexemes used in figurative meanings. The latter reflect the ethnic ritual traditions, good manners, politeness, observance of the rules of decency ― rules of ethics. They represent the speech etiquette and identity of the Bashkir people, being a valuable linguistic and cultural source for the study of the traditional folk beliefs of the Bashkirs.

scholarly journals The Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences as One of the Centers for Turkic Lexicography

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-198
Author(s):  
Firdaus G. Khisamitdinova ◽  
◽  
Gulnaz N. Yagafarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Etymological Dictionary ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article presents the results of the lexicographic work of the Department of Linguistics of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past century. From the moment of the creation of the Institute, the lexicographic work has become one of the main in its activities. The efforts of the Institute staff have created and are still creating numerous dictionaries related to various lexicographic types. Among them are spelling dictionaries that codify the literary norms of the language, terminological dictionaries that cover various branches of science, technology and production, they laid the foundations of a new scientific terminology and scientific style of the Bashkir language. Today, there are more than sixty Bashkir terminological dictionaries. Bilingual and multilingual dictionaries are designed to meet the needs of bilingual and multilingual readers, educational dictionaries meet the didactic objectives. The dialectological dictionaries contain especially valuable information on the peculiarities of dialects of the Bashkir language. A lot of semasiological and word-formation dictionaries help to establish roots and semantic features of the Bashkir language. Creating onomastic dictionaries is one of the priorities in the activities of the Institute. Among the dictionaries on ethnolinguistics, dictionaries of mythological vocabulary stand out, where for the first time in Turkology lexemes on the mythology of the people are presented. In the Department of Linguistics, there is a card file of standard and dialect vocabulary of the Bashkir language. Its volume is over 3 million units. The card file was accumulated as a result of linguistic expeditions of different years. The card file is replenished to this day. Based on its materials, full explanatory dictionaries were published, first a monolingual two-volume dictionary (1993), then a multilingual ten-volume Academic Dictionary of the Bashkir Language (2011–2018). The dictionaries are designed to help comprehend the secrets of the native language. An important role is played by modern electronic dictionaries. It was the Department of Linguistics (with its dictionary, dialectology and toponymy sectors in different years) that predominantly prepared and published these lexicographic works. In recent years, the Department’s staff have been compiling an etymological dictionary of the Bashkir language. The article also describes the lexicographic publications in terms of their significance in the spiritual culture of the Bashkir people. The article notes outstanding Bashkir lexicographers, whose dedicated work allowed the Institute of History, Language and Literature to become one of the recognized centers forTurkic lexicography.

scholarly journals AN INVESTIGATION ON HETEROSIS, GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY FOR POD YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING PARAMETERS IN OKRA [ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (L.) MOENCH]

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 334-341
Author(s):  
Shailesh Kapadia ◽  
◽  
Kirti Patel ◽  
P.K. Patel ◽  
Mempal D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Almost All

The heterosis and combining ability studies were conducted by utilizing modified Line X Tester mating design involving 6 Lines and 9 testers of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]. The breeding material involving fifty four F1 hybrids along with 15 parents with one commercial check were evaluated during Kharif 2020 in a Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.) with three replications at Research Centre of Goldking Biogene Private Limited with an aim to estimate the magnitude of heterosis and to identify the good parents and good hybrid combinations for pod yield and other quantitative traits. Among the parents GKOF-1, GKOF-5 and GOM-7 were found to be good general combiners for pod yield per plot. Among the lines GKOF-3, GKOF-4 and GKOF-6 and testers GKOM-4, GKOM-5, GKOM-7 and GKOM-9 were found to be involved in exhibiting significant sca effects for almost all characters. Among the crosses GKOF-2 X GKOM-5, GKOF-1 X GKOM-8 and GKOF-6 X GKOM-7 exhibited high per se performance for pod yield per plot. Further the cross GKOF-1 X GKOM-7, GKOF-4 X GKOM-9 and GKOF-6 X GKOM-4 revealed highest positively significant sca effects for pod yield per plot.

scholarly journals Association of Arterial Hypertension with Hepatobiliary Pathology: The Occurrence of Comorbidity and Features of Metabolic Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Sevostyanova E. Viktorovna ◽  
Nikolaev Y. Alekseevich ◽  
Polyakov V. Yakovlevich ◽  
Mitrofanov I. Michailovich
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Icd 10

: Comorbidity of hypertension and hepatobiliary pathology has negative medical and social consequences, including an increase in the indicators of hospital admissions, disability and mortality. Objective: The aim was to study the occurrence of hypertension combined with hepatobiliary diseases depending on social status, gender and age in 2003-2017 and their influence on indicators of metabolic processes in patients with a therapeutic profile. Methods: A cross-sectional study using the inpatients’ medical record database of the clinic of Federal Research Centre for Basic and Translational Medicine (Novosibirsk, Russia), which collects demographics, diagnoses (using ICD-10 codes), procedures and examinations of all inpatients from 2003-2017 was conducted. The incidence of comorbidity of hypertension and hepatobiliary pathology depending on age, gender and social status, based on the analysis of 13496 medical records was examined. A comparative analysis of biochemical parameters characterizing the main types of metabolism (lipid, protein, carbohydrate and purine) was carried out in 3 groups of patients: with hypertension; with hepatobiliary pathology, and with a combined pathology. Results: During the years 2003-2005, there was the greatest frequency of this comorbidity in workers, in women, in the age group 60 years and older. In 2009-2017, the highest incidence was observed in the male administrative staff. In patients with this comorbidity, more pronounced changes in carbohydrate, protein, lipid and purine metabolism were found in comparison with groups of patients with isolated diseases. Conclusion: The results highlight the need to improve the system of prevention and treatment of comorbidity taking into account sex, age, occupation and features of metabolism.

The Farm, the Federal Government, and the Decline of Placement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Birk
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Mother And Child Health ◽  
Country Life ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Farm Life

This chapter examines how Progressive efforts at studying child welfare and farm life contributed to the decline of farm placements. In particular, it looks at two separate federal efforts that provided justifications for finding a substitute to farm placement: that of the Country Life Commission and that of the Children's Bureau. The chapter begins with a discussion of problems in farming and the diminishing influence of the farm. It then considers the Country Life Commission's efforts to address the problems affecting rural people with the specific goal of improving the efficiency of farming and the standards of farm life, along with agricultural education for farmers through outreach programs and the extension service. It also describes the initiatives of the Children's Bureau with regard to child labor, family preservation, and mother and child health. Finally, it highlights increased federal research after World War I which revealed compelling evidence that placement homes did not offer the best choice for dependent children.

scholarly journals Educational programs for the population in the field of the healthy nutrition is the basis for the prevention of non-communicable diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1426-1430
Author(s):  
Alla V. Pogozheva ◽  
Elena A. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Educational Programs ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Trans Fats ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
The People ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
The Impact

Healthy nutrition is an essential component of a person’s quality of life, mental, physical, and social functioning. Russians’ diet is not enough vegetables and fruits, dairy products, excess sugar, salt, products containing animal fat, and TRANS fats. Violations of nutrition structure and nutritional status lead to the development of alimentary-dependent diseases (cardiovascular, oncological, diabetes, obesity, gout, osteoporosis, etc.) - the leading causes of death in the population. All this indicates a low level of knowledge of the people about the principles of healthy nutrition. 49.2% of Russians have almost no idea about the rules of healthy eating. It is imperative to eliminate the existing gap in the education of the population on healthy nutrition by introducing training programs. For this purpose, training (educational) programs on healthy food have been developed for target groups of the population (preschool and school-age children; adults of all ages, including pregnant and nursing women, people older than working age; people with an increased level of physical activity; working in difficult and harmful working conditions; living in territories with unique features in terms of the impact of environmental factors). On the basis Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety created scientific-methodical and educational centers on issues of healthy nutrition for the development of training (education) programs, Center for hygienic education of the population”, issued an Order from Rospotrebnadzor 24.03.2020, № 186 “On approval of the concept of creating a training (educational) programs on healthy nutrition”.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATIVES OF THE VITALBAE PRANTL. SUB-SECTION OF CLEMATIS L. GENUS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE SOUTHURAL BOTANICAL GARDEN–INSTITUTE OF UFRC OF THE RAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
R. A. Bilalova ◽  
◽  
V. P. Putenikhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Preliminary Estimate ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Federal Research

Results of the introduction researches of 5 species of Clematis in a collection of lianas of South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre are presented in article. According to phenological observations in 9 years (2007–2015) integrated assessment of introduction perspectives and introduced stability of clematises is given. The scale developed by P.I. Lapin and S.V. Sidneva for wood plants is used for assessment of introduction perspectives. Preliminary estimate of introduction stability is carried out according to a scale of N.V. Trulevich. Extent of ripening of shoots, winter hardiness, preservation of growth form, shoot-formation ability, generative development, ability to reproduction in culture were estimated. All species are characterized by stability of rhythmic processes and their fitness to local climatic conditions. Duration of the vegetative period consists of 5,5 months. Duration of flowering of C. ligusticifolia is more than 2,5 months, C. gouriana is more than 2 month, C. apiifolia, C. fargesii and C. brevicaudata is not less than 1,5 months. In accordance with the scale of introduction stability, all the studied species belong to the perspective group of II (80-85 points). All the species under investigation can be used in green landscaping in different regions of the South Urals.

scholarly journals Adolescent Mother and Child Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Miguel Oliveros Donohue
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Adolescent Mother ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
The World ◽  
Mother And Child

Adolescence is the process that occurs after childhood and before adulthood (15-19) years. Teenage pregnancy is adverse for the mother and her child including low birth weight and high perinatal mortality. Complications between pregnancy and childbirth are the second leading cause of death among girls between the ages of 15 and 19 in the world. Violence against a pregnant woman by her partner is frequent. Adolescent mothers are among the greatest abusers of their children, and abuse can start from fetal life. They are also involved in the death of their newborns. Educational and community empowerment with a family response to educational proposals includes the issue of masculinity and the role of adolescents caring for their children, as well as examining the families' pleasure in the prevention and response to pregnancy.

scholarly journals Understanding mobile application development and implementation to monitor Posyandu data in Indonesia: a 3-years hybrid action research to build "a bridge" from community to national use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedri Ruluwedrata Rinawan ◽  
Ari Indra Susanti ◽  
Indah Amelia ◽  
Mulya Nurmansyah Ardisasmita ◽  
Widarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Mobile Health Application ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background. There is little evidence available to better understand how mobile health application technology on mother and child health is designed. This study aimed: (a) to explore community health worker (CHW)/cadre and mothers’ activities information related with Posyandu, as well as inputs and feedbacks in developing the Posyandu mobile application, (b) to compare between training and implementation phases of the application, (c) and to see the potential use of the Posyandu mobile application in the country. Method. Using a hybrid method in which the action research principles and qualitative-quantitative methods were synergistically combined for the end users. The study was conducted in Pasawahan sub-district, Purwakarta, Indonesia from 2017 to 2019. Content analysis, coding and categorizing were done using NVivo 12 Pro for the transcribed data. Wilcoxon Test (2018 and 2019) was conducted using STATA 15 Special Edition. Results. (1) the use of CHW notebook for data entry in Posyandu information system book made a long delay in the data reporting process, thus, the development of mobile application would be necessary, (2) there were significant differences of CHW’s knowledge (p=0.000) and skills (p=0.0097) on training (2018) and Posyandu phases (2019), (3) As many as 964 posyandu are registered to Posyandu mobile application from almost all provinces in Indonesia. Conclusions. The 3-years hybrid approach suggests the crucial phases to build a mobile application in a more user-friendly manner that can replace the CHW’s old-fashion book use, and that it is promising for national use.

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