scholarly journals Evaluation of Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Grewia flavescens Juss. Whole Plant (Family: Tiliaceae) Against Culex quinquefasciatus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 252-255
Author(s):  
G.N. Pramodini ◽  
Parwez Alam ◽  
Mohd Rafiq ◽  
Shaik mohd Khasim
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Mosquito Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

To evaluate the mosquito larvicidal activity on the ethanolic extract of Grewia flavescens juss (EEGF). Whole plant against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The larval mortality of 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus after 24h and 48h of treatment which were tested separately in control and five test concentrations of 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm,750 ppm, 1000 ppm concentration. The plant extract was screened to identify phytochemical bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and glycosides. Different concentration of crude ethanolic extract of Grewia flavescensjuss. whole plant effectively showed larvicidal activity on Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. Based on the probit analysis values for 24h and 48h ethanolic extract of Grewia flavescens shows pronounced larvicidal activity. The LC50 and LC90 values of EEGF against mosquito 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus was found 223.87 ppm and 724.43 ppm at 24hrs and for 48hrs the LC50 and LC90 values was found to be 181.97ppm and 374.76 ppm respectively. The preliminary phytochemical was performed in search of plants secondary metabolites which might be responsible for the larvicidal activity. The bioactive phytochemical classes which were identified and confirmed as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and glycosides. The ethanolic extract of this plant showed potent larvicidal activity and can be considered for further investigation. This experimental study was a pioneer attempt to establish Grewia flavescens juss. as a valuable resource of effective target specific natural mosquito larvicide. Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, larvicidal activity, ethanolic ext., phytochemical.

scholarly journals Larvicidal Effect of Vinca Fruit Extract (Vinca rosea) Against Aedes aegypti Larvae and Secondary Metabolites Profile by Thin Layer Chromatography

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Ekaputri ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Budi Mulyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Vinca Rosea ◽  
Layer Chromatography

<p>Background: <em>Vinca rosea</em> is known contain alkaloids, it was usually used to treat various diseases. Alkaloids from Vinca leaves are also already known have larvicidal activity. Based on this toxicological activity, the fruit of <em>Vinca rosea</em> was selected to investigation its larvicidal activity against the 3<sup>rd</sup> instar larvae of the mosquito vector of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) <em>Aedes aegypti.</em>  Five concentrations of Vinca fruit extract were tested against the 3<sup>rd</sup> instar Aedes aegypti larvae. The different larval mortality percentages were recorded after 24 hours. Lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub> anf LC<sub>90</sub>) of Vinca fruit extract were calculated using Probit analysis. Phytochemical compounds  of ethanolic extract also investigated using Thin layer Chromatography (TLC). LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values of fruit extract were 2.987 mg/ml and 32.861 mg/ml. Alkaloids were detected in extract.</p>

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity of Mentha pulegium ssential Oil from Central Morocco Against Larvae of Mosquito Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad El-Akhal ◽  
Yassine Ezzoubi ◽  
Taghzouti Khalid ◽  
Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
The North ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

Background: In Morocco, the species Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) has developed resistance to the synthetic insecticide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find alternatives to the insecticides, as natural herbal biocides. Objective: The essential oil of Mentha pulegium grown the North center of in Morocco has been analyzed and their larvicidal activity on Culex pipiens was determined. Methods: The analysis and the identification of the various constituents of essential oilobtained by hydro-distillation of the aerial part were carried out by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Biological tests were realized according to a methodology inspired from standard World Health Organization protocol. The larvicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts were tested against early fourth-instar larvae of Culex pipiens. The repellent efficacy was determined against of mosquito species (Culex pipiens) at six concentration’s (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 ppm) under the laboratory condition. The mortality was observed 24h after treatment; data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the Lethal Concentrations (LC50 and LC90) to kill 50 and 90 percent of the treated larvae of tested species. Results: The major constituents of Mentha pulegium essential oil were identified as pulegone (53.23%), α-pinene (12.1%), piperitone (9.62%), menthone (9.26) and piperitenone (6.6%). The LC50 and LC90 were estimated at 25.45 ppm and 98.66 ppm respectively. Conclusion: This investigation indicates that the Mentha pulegium essential oil could serve as a potential larvicidal and could be used as an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of the Culex pipiens.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Urolithiatic and Larvicidal Activity of Alternanthera sessilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 671-680
Author(s):  
Merin Babu ◽  
Uma K.H ◽  
Sherin Joseph ◽  
Amoolya Sree ◽  
Sabin Scariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Alternanthera Sessilis ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: Evaluation of Anti-urolithiatic and Larvicidal activity of Alternanthera sessilis. Method: The whole plant of Alternanthera sessilis were extracted using ethanol as solvent. Then it was evaluated for its phytochemicals and later on in vitro anti-urolithiatic study was conducted on the plant using the methods titrimetry, simultaneous flow static model, turbidimetry and gravimetric. The plant showing larvicidal effect was determined by larvicidal assay method. Result: The ethanolic extract of the plant showed the presence of various phytochemicals like phenols, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, saponins. The anti urolithiatic activity conformed that the plant can effectively mineralise calcium oxalate in a dose dependent manner when compared to control and standard. The plant also possesses larvicidal activity and the percentage mortality exhibited a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of the plant possessed anti- urolithiatic as well as larvicidal activity.

scholarly journals Larvicidal Activity of Elytraria acaulis against Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soorya Sukumaran ◽  
Rajan Maheswaran
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Background: Mosquitoes are blood sucking arthropods and serve as vectors of many diseases causing serious health problems to human beings. Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti were responsible for Filariasis and Dengue. Syn­thetic pesticides were effective against mosquitoes as well as main sources of environmental pollution and most of them are immunosuppressant. Botanicals were widely used as insecticides, growth disruptors, repellents, etc. The aim of this research was to determine larvicidal properties of powdered leaf, Elytraria acaulis against late third or early fourth in­star larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti. Methods: Larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti were tested at various concentrations of 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 200mg/100ml and mortality was recorded after 24h. The LC50 values of the E. acaulis leaf powder were calcu­lated by Probit analysis. Results: The plant powder exhibited strong larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus with LC50 value of 116.07mg/100ml against Ae. aegypti 124.25mg/100ml respectively. The result indicated that the plant powder of E. acaulis showed potential larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti. Conclusion: The overall findings of the present investigation suggested that the E. acaulis highly effective against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti larvae. Elytraria acaulis may be used as an alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides for control of vectors to reduce vector borne diseases and did not harm to total environment.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF Gliricidia sepium LEAVES EXTRACTS ON Aedes aegypti: LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnaveni K.V. ◽  
ThaiyalNayaki R. ◽  
Balasubramanian, G M*.
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Significance

<p>Mosquitoes are the single most important group of insects in terms of public health significance and causing diseases. They are the vectors for the transmission of many viral pathogens and pose serious threat to human health. Chemical insecticides are widely used but they are non-selective and harmful to beneficial organisms. In the present study <em>G. Sepium</em> leaves extracts were used to analyse its effect against <em>Aedes aegypti</em>, to compare the mortality rate while using different solvent extracts of the leaf, to identify the solvent extract which give high rate of larval mortality and to characterise the compounds present in the corresponding leaf extract using phytochemical analysis. The ethanolic extract of <em>G. sepium</em> leaves constitute flavanoids, steroids, glycoside, carbohydrate and saponins compound. Thus it was found to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of larvae than other solvent extracts. In the statistical analysis highest significant difference was observed between 1.5g/l and 2.0g/l concentration of ethanolic extract and other extracts. However no significant difference was observed in other concentrations. The larvicidal activity of the plant extract may be attributed to the presence of active compounds like terpinoids, saponins and steroids.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Analysis of toxicity on Bacillus sphaericus from amazonian soils to Anopheles darlingi and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleilza de Castro Litaiff ◽  
Wanderli Pedro Tadei ◽  
Jorge Ivan Rebelo Porto ◽  
Ila Maria de Aguiar Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Anopheles Darlingi ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Standard Strain ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
High Effectiveness

Bioassays under laboratory conditions aiming to determine the larvicidal activity of Bacillus sphaericus were carried out on Anopheles darlingi and Culex quinquefasciatus. In order to estimate the toxicity through median lethal concentration (LC50) and the relative potency of the strains to B. sphaericus standard strain 2362, probit analysis was performed utilizing the POLO-PC program. The findings of LC50 pointed out high effectiveness on strains IB15 (0.040 ppm), IB19 and S1116 (0.048 ppm), IB16 (0.052 ppm) and S265 (0.057 ppm). Strain IB15 presented nearly 50% more potency than strain 2362 in bioassays conducted on A. darlingi. It was observed that IB16 and S1116 strains were the most powerful against C. quinquefasciatus, showing to be about 300-400% stronger than 2362 strain. The results show that laboratory conditioned evaluation can be an important way to select promising bacteria with entomopathogenic action on biolarvicides production for use on mosquitoes breeding sites.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization and mosquito larvicidal activity of essential oil from leaves of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Granados-Echegoyen ◽  
Rafael Pérez-Pacheco ◽  
Nancy Alonso-Hernández ◽  
Alfonso Vásquez-López ◽  
Luicita Lagunez-Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Mosquito Larvicidal Activity

scholarly journals Screening of Different Extracts of Marine Macro Green Algae for Larvicidal Activity against Dengue Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culiadae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
G. Adaikala Raj ◽  
M. Jayaraman ◽  
S. Krishnamoorthy ◽  
M. Chandrasekaran ◽  
V. Venkatesalu
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The present study larvicidal activities of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Halimeda macroloba, Decsne, Caulerpa racemosa (Frosk) Weber-Van-Bosses and Ulva lactuca Lin, (Chlorophyceae) against Aedes aegypti. The marine macro green algae extracts were tested against early 4th instar larvae of A. aegypti using WHO protocol and concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm. The observed mortality was made 24 and 48 h after treatment, data was subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) of the treated larvae of the tested species.Among the tested extracts the maximum efficicacy was observed in the ethyl acetate extracts. The ethyl acetate extracts of the seaweeds showed the presence of terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compounds stronger than the other extracts. The results revealed that all the extracts showed varied levels of larvicidal activity against A. aegypti tested. However, the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa showed remarkable larvicidal activity against A. aegypti (LC50=579.9 and LC90=1255.4 ppm values at 24 h and LC50 =495.4 and LC90 =1073.9 ppm at 48 h) followed by U. lactuca (LC50=588.1 and LC90=1290.7 ppm values at 24 h, and LC50= 530.8 and LC90= 1160.0 ppm at 48 h), respectively. The lowest larval mortality was observed with hexane extract of H. macroloba against A. aegypti with values of LC50=1116.8 and LC90= 1824.5 ppm (after 24 h) and LC50=1059.9 and LC90=1768.3 ppm (after 24 h). The present studies indicate that the larvicidal activity and phytochemicals derived from the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach and effective mosquito vector control agent.

scholarly journals Toxisitas temephos, minyak atsiri jahe ​(Zingiber officinale Roxb)​, dan ​Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis​ (Bti) terhadap larva nyamuk ​Ae. aegypti​ dari Sumatra Utara

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Horas Sihotang ◽  
Sitti Umniyati
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Dose ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to confirm the resistance status and resistance ratio (RR) of  Ae. aegypti larvae to temephos as well as to determine the effectiveness of a liquid solution of Bti H-14 and the essential oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale roxb) against Ae. aegypti larvae from Deli Serdang, North Sumatra.Method: A randomized post-test only control group was con- ducted using 3rd instar larvae of Ae. aegypti as the subjects of this study. Larval mortality was recorded after 24 hours of exposure with diagnostic dose of temephos (0.02ppm) to determine the resistance status. Probit analysis was conducted to determine median lethal time (LT50) and the RR. The concetration of Bti toxicity test was 0.01, 0.013, 0.017, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 mL/L and the concentration of toxicity essential oil of ginger test was 66.6, 99.9, 133.2, 166.5, 199.8 and 266.4 ppm.Results: Ae. aegypti larvae were resistant to temephos (0.02ppm) with RR 1.9 < 5. The value of LC50 and LC90 of Bti were 0.014; 0.024 mL/L respectively. The value of LC50 and LC90 of essential oil of ginger solution were 65.6ppm and 129.1ppm respectively.Conclusion: Larvae are resistant to temephos with low resistance criteria. Bti and essential oil of ginger are toxic to Ae. aegypti larvae.

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