Biostimulasi pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) pada fase awal di lahan kering (Biostimulation of vegetative growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in the initial phase on dry land)

AbstractThe expansion of sugarcane areas as a support to national sugar production has shifted to sub-optimal dry land. In drought stress conditions, early growth of sugarcane usually can inhibite and decrease its productivity. This study aimed to test the efficacy of organic biostimulant in increasing vegetative growth of sugarcane in the dry land. Firstly, seedlings were submerged with biostimulant of Citorin-Rfor overnight. Secondly, the biostimulant application of Citorin-S was carried out by foliar sprayat age1 and4 months old trees. Humicacid 0.5% (v/v) was applied in soil before planting while the application of mycorrhiza was carried out by direct pouring on soil during planting. The results showed that the initial vegetative growth of biostimulant-treated sugarcane stem diameter and length were 23% wider and 27% higher compared to that of control, respectively. In subsequent growth cycle, all observed vegetative parameters showed higher growth value in the biostimulant-treated sugarcanes than that of the control. Plant height, stem diameter and number of tillers of biostimulant-treated sugarcanes had significantly higher values than that of the control. P3 treatment (organic biostimulant plus humic acid and mycorrhiza) was the best treatment. The height and diameter of P3 sugarcane stems were 47% wider and 59% higher, respectively, compared to that of control at 107 DAP.[Keywords: biostimulant, plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers, number of leaves] Abstrak Penambahan areal tanaman tebu untuk mendukung peningkatan produksi gula nasional telah bergeser ke areal sub-optimal lahan kering. Pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan, pertumbuhan awal tebu biasanya terhambat dan dapat menurunkan produktivitas saat panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efikasi biostimulan organik untukmeningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu pada fase awal di lahan kering. Perlakuan biostimulan Citorin-R diaplikasikan pada benih dengan cara perendaman semalam. Perlakuan kedua, biostimulan Citorin-S disemprotkanpada saat tanaman tebu berumur 1 dan 4 bulan secara foliar spray. Aplikasi asam humat 0,5 % (v/v) di tanah dilakukan sebelum tanam, sedangkan aplikasi mikoriza dilakukan dengan pemberian langsung pada tanah saat penanaman bagal tebu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pertumbuhan vegetatif awal tanaman tebu perlakuan memiliki diameter batang sekitar 23% dan tinggi tanaman 27% lebih tinggi daripada tebu kontrol. Pada pertumbuhan selanjutnya, semua parameter vegetatif yang diamati menunjukkan nilai pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi pada tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol. Tinggi tanaman, diameter batang dan jumlah anakan secara statistik berbeda nyata lebih tinggi pada tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol. Perlakuan P3 (biostimulan organik plus asam humat dan mikoriza) adalah perlakuan terbaik. Tinggi dan diameter batang tanaman tebu P3 masing-masing 47% dan 59% lebih besar daripada batang tanaman kontrol pada 107 hari setelah tanam (HST). [Kata kunci :biostimulan, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah anakan, jumlah daun]

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Respon pertumbuhan vegetatif semaian akibat aplikasi mikroba potensial pada rehabilitasi pohon kakao tanpa penebangan

Jurnal Agro ◽

10.15575/9098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 235-245

Author(s):

Marliana S. Palad ◽

Aminah Aminah

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Trichoderma Asperellum ◽

Minimum Age ◽

Main Plot ◽

Four Levels ◽

Average Plant ◽

Old Trees ◽

Cocoa Tree ◽

Average Plant Height

Usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk megatasi penurunan produksi pohon kakao tua dan rusak adalah penerapan inarching grafting atau penyambungan tanaman kakao muda unggul berumur minimal 6 bulan yang ditanam di sekitar pohon tua. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh aplikasi Trichoderma asperellum dan Azotobacter chroococcum terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif semaian kakao yang akan disambungkan ke pohon kakao tua menggunakan metode inarching grafting. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Petak Utama yaitu aplikasi T.asperellum sebanyak 4 g L-1 setiap tanaman, dengan empat taraf: tanpa T.asperellum (T0), satu kali (T1), dua kali (T2), dan tiga kali (T3) aplikasi. Anak Petak adalah inokulasi A.chroococcum sebanyak 40 ml x 108 cfu setiap tanaman, dengan 3 taraf: tanpa A.chroococcum (A0), satu kali (A1) dan dua kali (A2) aplikasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara aplikasi T.asperellum dengan A.chroococcum, tetapi terdapat pengaruh tunggal dari kedua mikroba potensial yang diaplikasikan. Pada umur semaian 90 hst, aplikasi dua kali A.chroococcum menghasilkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman 155,25 cm, total daun 41 helai dan diameter batang 13,10 mm. Pemberian tiga kali T.asperellum menghasilkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman 150,89 cm, total daun 41,22 helai dan diameter batang 12,86 mm. Semaian yang diberi mikroba potensial digunakan untuk rehabilitasi pohon kakao tua. An efforts that can be done to overcome the decline in production of old and damaged cocoa trees are the application of inarching grafting or grafting of superior young cocoa plants with a minimum age of 6 months planted around old trees. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the application of Trichoderma asperellum and Azotobacter chroococcumon the vegetative growth of cocoa seedlings which was grafted to old cocoa trees using the inarching grafting method. The research used a Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot was application of T.asperellum of 4 g L-1 for each seedling and cocoa tree, consisted of four levels. i.e: without T.asperellum (T0), one time application (T1), two times application (T2), and three times application (T3). The subplot factor was A.chroococcum as much as 40 ml x 108 cfu on each seedling and cocoa tree, consisted of three levels, i.e.: without A. chroococcum (A0), one time application (A1) and two times application (A2). The analysis of variance results showed that no interaction between applications of T.asperellum with A.chroococcum, but it had a singular effect for both potential microbial applied. At 90 days after planting, the application of A.chroococcum twice resulted in an average plant height of 155.25 cm, a total of 41 leaves and a stem diameter of 13.10 mm. Application of T.asperellum three times resulted in an average plant height of 150.89 cm, the number of leaves 41.22 sheets and a stem diameter of 12.86 mm. The seedlings that inoculated with potential microbes can be used for rehabilitation of old cacao trees.

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Gibberellin and cytokinin effects on soybean growth

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000300019 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 537-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Vagner Maximino Leite ◽

Ciro Antonio Rosolem ◽

João Domingos Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Root Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Joint Application

Soybean is an important crop in Brazil. Nonetheless, there are no reports on the use of plant growth regulator potential in relation to this crop in the national literature. To better understand the role of these compounds, a pot experiment was carried out to study effects of GA3 and cytokinin on the vegetative growth of the soybean. GA3 (50 mg L-1) was applied as seed treatment, leaving plants with water application as control. GA3 (100 mg L-1) and cytokinin (30 mg L-1) were sprayed on leaves at the physiological stage V3/V4, and 15 days after, cytokinin (30 mg L-1), also as foliar spray. Seed treatment decreased plant emergence and initial soybean root growth, but as the season progressed, differences in root growth disappeared; plants were shorter, and presented a decrease in the number of nodes, in stem diameter, in leaf area and in dry matter yield. Conversely, foliar application of GA3 led to an increase in plant height, first node height and stem diameter. Leaf area and dry matter production also increased as a result of GA3 foliar application. There was no effect of exogenous gibberellin and cytokinin on the number of soybean leaves, number of stem branches and root dry matter. Joint application of gibberellin and cytokinin tended to inhibit gibberellin effects. Cytokinin applied to leaves during soybean vegetative growth was not effective in modifying any of the evaluated plant growth variables.

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Evaluation of paclobutrazol on growth, flowering and yield of mango cv. Kensington Pride

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9920097 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

EC Winston

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Application Rate ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Drip Line ◽

Growth Retardant ◽

Line Treatment ◽

Fruit Colour ◽

Old Trees ◽

Summer Growth

The growth retardant paclobutrazol was applied after harvest as a foliar spray, a band along the drip line, or a collar drench in trials over 3 years on 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old trees of mango cv. Kensington Pride. The trees were assessed for percentage of branches with vegetative flush, flush length, flowering, and yield. Paclobutrazol reduced length of vegetative growth in all trials. Eight mL a.i. per tree, applied as a single yearly collar drench, significantly (P<0.05) reduced percentage flush. Collar treatments were significantly (P<0.05) more effective than drip line treatment in reducing length of vegetative growth. Two years' collar drench was generally more effective than a band treatment followed by a collar drench. In particular, collar drenches of 4 and 8 mL a.i./tree, applied for 2 consecutive years, reduced summer growth. Flowering and cropping were significantly (P<0.05) increased by paclobutrazol in a year of inadequate winter stress, while a trend towards increased yield was noted under more normal conditions. Yield increases were due to fruit numbers rather than size. Fruit colour was unaffected. Soil-applied treatments were more effective on flowering and cropping than foliar treatment, with collar drenches more effective than drip line treatment. A trend for decreasing yields was found when paclobutrazol was applied as a collar drench for 2 consecutive years at the same rate, compared with an ineffective drip line followed by a single collar treatment. Rates of paclobutrazol >4 mL a.i./tree caused unacceptable compaction of flower panicles. Four mL a.i./tree appeared the best application rate given the prevailing soil type, climatic conditions, and tree size and age.

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Production and Postproduction Performance of Uniconazole-Treated Bedding Plants

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-9.4.203 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 203-206

Author(s):

Gary J. Keever ◽

William J. Foster

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Plant Height ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Tagetes Erecta ◽

Stress Evaluation ◽

Bedding Plants ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Tagetes Erecta L

Abstract Growth and flowering responses of Pelargonium × hortorum L. H. Bailey ‘Ringo Deep Scarlet’, Tagetes erecta L. ‘Inca Orange’, Viola × wittrockiana Gams. ‘Blue Shades’, Impatiens × ‘Zenith’ and Salvia farinacea Benth. ‘Victoria Blue’ to uniconazole applied at the seedling stage were evaluated at the end of production and 5 to 7 weeks after transplanting into the landscape (geranium, impatiens and salvia only). A drought stress evaluation was also conducted. Response to uniconazole varied with species, sampling date and uniconazole concentration. Growth of all species was suppressed when measured 4½ to 8½ weeks after treatment (WAT), and stress tolerance of all species except marigold increased with increasing concentrations of uniconazole. Flowering generally was delayed with uniconazole. Impatiens and geranium treated with 10 ppm or less of uniconazole were similar in height to nontreated plants 5 to 7 weeks after being transplanted; at this time, uniconazole had no effect on plant height or shoot dry weight of salvia. Daminozide applied once as a 5000 ppm foliar spray was not effective in suppressing vegetative growth of any of the tested species.

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Evaluation of Promalin to promote growth of young mangosteen seedlings.

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v94i1-2.2587 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 94 (1-2) ◽

pp. 105-109

Author(s):

Ricardo Goenaga

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Field Study ◽

Plant Height ◽

Treatment Initiation ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Garcinia Mangostana ◽

One Year ◽

Major Impediment ◽

Number Of Branches

A major impediment to the development of a mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) industry is the long pre-bearing stage that seedlings require to produce fruits. A field study was conducted to determine the effect of Promalin on the growth of mangosteen seedlings. Year-old seedlings were transplanted to the field in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. Four applications of Promalin were used as a foliar spray at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg/L beginning when seedlings were approximately 2.5 years old, and then every 10 to 15 weeks over a period of almost one year. Final measurements were made 10 weeks after the final application, and 353 days after treatment initiation, when seedlings were 3.5 years old. No significant differences were observed in plant height, stem diameter, or number of branches and leaves.

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Controlling Vegetative Growth and Flowering of Four Azalea Cultivars with Uniconazole and GA

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.854c ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 854C-854

Author(s):

Ursula K. Schuch ◽

Barbara Biernacka

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Elongation ◽

Final Evaluation ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Treatment Application

Four azalea cultivars [Rhododendron × `White Lace' (WT), `Southern Charm' (SC), `Formosa' (F), and `George Tabor' (GT)] with different growth and flowering habits were treated with a foliar spray of uniconazole (U) at 0, 10, or 15 mg·liter–1 with or without a surfactant. GA was applied at 0 or 15 mg·liter–1 as a foliar spray to half of the plants on 23 Sept. 1993, 53 days after the uniconazole application. U reduced number, length, and dry weight of bypass shoots, and increased number of flower buds for all cultivars by Dec. 1993. Application of GA after U further increased the number of flower buds on SC and GT, which otherwise had few flowers. At the final evaluation in Mar. 1994, time to anthesis for cultivars F and GT was not affected by any treatment. Anthesis of SC and WL treated with 15 mg U and GA/liter started 6 days earlier than those treated with 15 mg U/liter. Number of flowers at anthesis and number of flower buds was increased two to four times on U-treated vs. nontreated plants. U decreased plant height, size, leaf area, and shoot dry weight of all cultivars. Shoot elongation of F and GT was further reduced with the 15 vs. 10 mg U/liter treatment. Application of GA increased the retarding effects of U on plant height for WL, SC, and GT, and on leaf area and shoot dry weight for WL.

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Doses of bokashi in the growth of two basil cultivars

Agronomy Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.33158/asb.r113.v6.2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Roberto Takane ◽

Cyro Fragoso Silva ◽

Jessica Soares Pereira ◽

Christian Morimasa Takemura ◽

Talita Angélica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Randomized Block Design

The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of use, as well as to determine adequate doses in organic fertilization of the bokashi type in the cultivation of two basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars. Seeds from the collection of the Floriculture Laboratory of the Phytotechnics Department of the Federal University of Ceará were used. The treatments used were arranged in a randomized block design (RBD), arranged in a 2x5 factorial scheme, consisting of two cultivars of basil (Genovese and Anão) and five doses of Bokashi, namely: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 18 g.L-1. Plants that received no dose (0 g.L-1) served as a control treatment. Each treatment contained 5 repetitions, with the plot consisting of 7 pots, one plant per pot, the useful unit a pot with a basil seedling. From the transplant, applications of bokashi were started in doses of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 18 g.L-1 in both cultivars. Both applications were performed every 20 days after the first application of Bokashi. Fivety five days after transplantation in the final pot, the following variables were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and the root. The 9 g.L-1 dose of Bokashi showed the best results for the variables analyzed for both cultivars, in addition to being efficient when compared to the control, in which the vegetative growth was incipient.

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Flurprimidol Is Effective at Controlling Height of `Star Gazer' Oriental Lily

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.15.2.0373 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 373-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Brian A. Krug ◽

Brian E. Whipker ◽

Ingram McCall

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Control Plant ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Height Control ◽

Foliar Sprays ◽

Minimal Height ◽

Oriental Lily

Flurprimidol preplant soaks, foliar sprays, and substrate drenches were compared to commercially recommended concentrations of uniconazole as a preplant bulb soak and a foliar spray for height control of `Star Gazer' oriental lily (Lilium hybrids). Foliar sprays of uniconazole at 10 mg·L–1 (ppm) did not control plant height and foliar sprays of flurprimidol concentrations ≥80 mg·L–1 provided only minimal height control. Substrate drenches of flurprimidol at 0.5 mg/pot a.i. (28,350 mg = 1 oz) controlled plant height, resulting in plants 45.3 cm (17.83 inches) tall, which were 24% shorter than the untreated control. Uniconazole preplant bulb soaks of 5 and 10 mg·L–1 controlled plant height, resulting in plants 41.8 cm (16.46 inches) and 37.8 cm (14.88 inches), respectively. Preplant bulb soaks of flurprimidol (25 to 400 mg·L–1) were applied and a concentration of 25 mg·L–1 resulted in plants 47.7 cm (18.78 inches) tall, which were 23% shorter than the untreated control. Flurprimidol substrate drenches and preplant bulb soaks at concentrations of 0.5 mg/pot a.i. and 25 mg·L–1, respectively, were effective in controlling height in `Star Gazer' lily. In Expt. 2, flurprimidol substrate drenches were applied as either a single or two split applications. A one-time flurprimidol substrate drench of 0.5 mg/pot a.i. provided similar control as two split applications of 0.25 mg/pot a.i.

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TANGGAPAN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas Linn) TERHADAP JENIS MEDIA TANAM DAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM (Response Jatropha curcas On Types Of Plant Media And Chicken Fertilizer)

AgriPeat ◽

10.36873/agp.v19i01.152 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (01) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

Administrator Journal

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Soil Treatment ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Affected Plant ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Number Of Branches

ABSTRACKThis study aims to : (1) to study the interaction between different planting media and the provisionof chicken fertilizer to the vegetative growth of Jatropha curcas, (2) to the effect of differentplanting media on vegetative growth of Jatropha curcas (3) to study the application of chickenfertilizer to vegetative growth of jatropha plant. The results showed that there was an interactionbetween planting media and the provision of chicken fertilizer. The applying of 20 t.ha-1 and peatsoil is the best treatment to enhance the plant height, the number of leaves and the diameter of thejatropha. Planting media hand a significant effect on plant height, leaf number and diameter ofjatropha. Peat soil treatment increased the growth of plant height (58.19 cm), leaf number (31.17strands) and stem diameter (2.06 cm) at age 12 WAP. chickens fertilizer affected plant height,number of leaves, stem diameter and number of branches. The treatment of 20 t.ha-1increased theplant height (62,89 cm), number of leaves (32,33 strands), number of branch (0,89) and stemdiameter (2,20 cm) at age 12 WAP.Keywords: Planting Media, Chicken Fertilizer, Jatropha Curcas.

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Pertumbuhan vegetatif hasil split Dendrobium (Dendrobium sp.) pada dua jenis pupuk nitrogen dan tempat tanam

Journal of Agro Complex ◽

10.14710/joac.3.1.65-74 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Indah Suci Pratiwi ◽

Endang Dwi Purbajanti ◽

Eny Fuskhah

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Coconut Fiber ◽

Azolla Microphylla ◽

Synthetic Fertilizer ◽

Split Plot ◽

Main Plot

ABSTRACT Orchids are ornamental plants that lived in the wild as epiphytes, utilized the visual side of the flower. Problems arise is a relatively long time to be able to enjoy the flowers. Split technique is an alternative that produces special orchids especially of Dendrobium type with the same properties as its mother in a relatively short time. The research was conducted in July-September 2017 in screenhouse, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University. This study aimed to know the interaction between type of nitrogen fertilizer and place of planting to vegetative growth of split Dendrobium sp. This study used Split Plot Design of Complete Randomized Design scheme with ten replications. The main plot was place of planting : T1 = attached to the coconut fiber then hung and T2 = grown in pot (coconut fiber) and subplot was the type of fertilizer: P1 = POC goat + Azolla microphylla, and P2 = Synthetic fertilizer. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of roots, and number of buds per plant. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by LSD test at 5% level. The results showed that hook planting places significantly increased plant height and stem diameter. Synthetic fertilizer significantly increased plant height and number of leaves.There was interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and place of planting to stem diameter on vegetative growth results of split Dendrobium (Dendrobium sp.). Keywords: Dendrobium sp., nitrogen fertilizer, place of planting ABSTRAK Anggrek merupakan tanaman hias yang hidup di alam bebas secara epifit, dimanfaatkan sisi visualnya terutama dari bentuk dan warna bunga. Masalah yang timbul adalah waktunya yang relatif lama untuk berbunga. Teknik split merupakan alternatif yang menghasilkan anggrek khususnya jenis Dendrobium dengan sifat sama seperti induknya dalam waktu yang relatif singkat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Juli-September 2017 di screen house, Departemen Pertanian, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi jenis pupuk dan tempat tanam terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif hasil split Dendrobium sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot) skema RAL dengan 10 kali ulangan. Petak utama (main plot) adalah tempat tanam: T1 = dilekatkan pada serabut kelapa kemudian digantung dan T2 = ditanam dalam pot (serabut kelapa) dan anak petak (sub plot) adalah jenis pupuk: P1 = POC kotoran kambing+Azolla microphylla, dan P2 = pupuk sintetis. Variabel yang diamati antara lain adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, jumlah akar, dan jumlah tunas per tanaman. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tempat tanam gantungan meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang secara signifikan. Pupuk sintetis meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun secara signifikan. Terjadi interaksi antara pemberian pupuk nitrogen dan tempat tanam terhadap diameter batang pada pertumbuhan vegetatif hasil split Dendrobium (Dendrobium sp.).

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