scholarly journals Potential use of Claroideoglomus etunicatum to enrich signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.) for silvopasture preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa ROSITA ◽  
Rahayu WIDIASTUTI ◽  
Irdika MANSUR ◽  
Sarah Asih FAULINA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Signal Grass ◽  
Spore Culture ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Silvopasture system improvement in managing post-mining land resources has been done by searching for a quality grass. One of the selected grass species is signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.). This research aimed to prepare signal grass through the inoculation of AMF Claroideoglomus etunicatum, as an effort to enrich its growth before being applied to post-mining soil. Research stages included the AMF inoculation on signal grass through spore culture and then transferred the colonized grass to the pot using sterile zeolite as a growth medium. The treatment on the first stage was without and with AMF inoculation (dose of 20 spores) on signal grass which was repeated for 12 times. Incubation in a spore culture was 4 weeks while incubation in a pot containing sterile zeolite medium was 8 weeks. Research data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk’s normality test, Independent Sample T-test, and Pearson’s correlation test. Observation results showed that the inoculation of C. etunicatum on signal grass was significantly impact on the increase of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of tillers, shoot and root fresh weight, and shoot dry weight (p <0.05). Microscopic observation showed that there was AMF colonization on treated signal grass roots in the amount of 55 ± 0.06 % with number of spores was 252 ± 9.82 per 10 g zeolites, while AMF infection was not found in uninoculated signal grass. It is expected that by providing signal grass inoculated with AMF C. etunicatum would support its growth in post-mining land for Silvopasture system.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Indigenous Terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Pucuk Gosale (Syzygium Malaccense (L.) Merr & L.M Perry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Steffani Silferansti Tak ◽  
Irdika Mansur ◽  
Prijanto Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
New Production ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Inoculation Treatment ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Gosale (Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry) that belongs to the Myrtaceae family is one of the leading local plant species grown in Halmahera, North Maluku. Some problems in gosale breeding such as limited seed availability, low seed production due to seasonal fruiting and the nature of seeds that can not be stored for a long period (recalcitrant), suggest an alternative new production technique through a vegetative propagation (shoot cutting). Moreover, Improved seedling quality can be attempted by AMF inoculation, in which AMF at shoot cuttings play a role in initiating the formation of adventive roots. This study was conducted for 9 months using completely randomized design (CRD) with indigenous AMF inoculation treatment. The results showed that gosale cuttings that planted with indigenous AMF inoculation were effective at all observed variables. Inoculum AMF inoculated without the addition of host plant Pueria javanica at gosale shoot cuttings suggested the best treatment. The treatment of inoculum AMF from Kusumadehe (M1) obtained the best result in the variable of plant height increase, dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, root shoot ratio), and seedling quality index. While the treatment of Inoculum AMF from Soakonora revealed the highest result in the variable of plant diameter increase and AMF colonization.Keywords: gosale, shoot cuttings, AMF, Pueraria javanica, West Halmahera

scholarly journals MODIFICAÇÕES NO MEIO DE CULTURA, FOTOPERÍODO E TEMPO DE CULTIVO AFETAM O ALONGAMENTO E ENRAIZAMENTO IN VITRO DE BANANEIRA CV. PACOVAN

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto De Carvalho ◽  
Fabrina Bolzan Martins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Mixture ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves

No intuito de elevar as taxas de sobrevivência durante a etapa de aclimatização e posterior plantio a campo, avaliou-se o enraizamento in vitro de bananeira cv. Pacovan, em diferentes concentrações de sais MS e de sacarose. Utilizou-se DIC, esquema fatorial (6x2x3), com seis meios de cultura [sendo três concentrações de nutrientes do meio MS (100%; 50% de macronutrientes; e 50% dos sais macro e micronutrientes), e duas concentrações de sacarose (1,5/3,0%)], dois fotoperíodos (12/16 h) e três tempos de cultivo (21, 28 ou 35 dias) e seis repetições/tratamento. Analisaram-se: altura da planta, número de folhas/planta, massas frescas e secas das partes aérea e radicular. Para altura da planta, massa fresca da parte aérea e radicular, o meio MS 50% dos sais + sacarose (1,5%) com fotoperíodo de 16 h e tempo de cultivo de 35 dias foi satisfatório. Para massa seca da parte aérea foi MS 50% de sais + sacarose (3%), e para massa seca da parte radicular, MS 100% + sacarose (3%) (em 12hs/28 dias e 16hs/21 dias). Para o alongamento/enraizamento in vitro da bananeira cv. Pacovan sugere-se MS 50% de sais (macro e micronutrientes), redução ou manutenção de sacarose (1,5 ou 3%) em 16h/35 dias de cultivo.Palavra-chave: Musa spp., propagação in vitro, sistema radicular. CHANGES IN CULTURE MEDIUM, PHOTOPERIOD AND TIME OF CULTIVATION AFFECT THE IN VITRO ELONGATION AND ROOTING OF BANANA CV. PACOVAN ABSTRACT:In order to achieve high rates of survival during the acclimatization and later planting in the field, was evaluated the in vitro of banana cv. Pacovan plants under different concentrations of sucrose and MS basal salt mixture. The experiment was assembled in a DIC, in 6x2x3, six different culture media [three different MS salt mixture concentrations (100%; 50% of macronutrients; and 50% of macro/micronutrients) and two sucrose concentrations (1.5/3%)], two photoperiods (12/16 hours) and three cultivation times (21, 28 or 35 days). Each treatment was composed by 6 replicates. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, were analyzed. Satisfactory results for plant height and shoot and root fresh biomass were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%), 16 hours/35 days. The highest values of shoot dry weight were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%); the highest root dry weight was achieved with MS 100% + sucrose (3%) (12hs/28 and 16hs/21 days). The suggested medium for the in vitro elongation and rooting stage of banana cv. Pacovan is the MS with 50% of salts (macro and micronutrients), reduction or maintenance of sucrose (1.5 or 3%) in 16h/35 days of cultivation.Keywords: Musa spp., in vitro propagation, root system. DOI:

scholarly journals Effect of water hyacinth compost on the morpho-physiological parameters of Soybean (Glycine max l.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 084-095
Author(s):  
Ogbuehi HC ◽  
Ibe PK
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Number Of Leaves

A pot experiment was conducted under rainfed condition to study the effect of water hyacinth compost on the morpho-physiological parameters of soybean (Glycine max L.) at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Imo State University, Owerri. The treatments were control (T1) 100g (T2), 150g (T3) and 200g (T4) of water hyacinth compost and replicated four times. The treatments were arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), leaf area index, relative growth rate (RGR), Net assimilation rate (NAR), shoot dry weight(g), yield and yield components (Number of pods, pods weight, 100 seed weight). The results obtained indicated that T3 significantly produced highest plant height (57.6cm) compare to control. While it was observed that T4 (200g) significantly produced the highest number of leaves (233.25), leaf area (631.80cm2), shoot dry weight (15.445g), number of pods (129.75), pod weights (25.38g) seed weight (7.23g) and yield (0.72kg/ha) relative to control and other treatment levels. Root parameters were also significantly improved by the rates of water hyacinth application compared to control. It will be worthy to note that there was no nodulation perhaps that was why the yield was poor. The results showed that soybean growth can effectively be improved with incorporation of water hyacinth into soil.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) on Growth of Oil Palm Seedling in Pre Nursery

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Dwi Astutik ◽  
Ratih Rahhutami ◽  
Aline Sisi Handini ◽  
Ahmad Sutopo
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Effective Microorganism

<em>A planting medium that rich in nutrients is needed for oil palm, especially in the nursery phase. This study aimed to determine the effect of various doses of EM4 and to get the best dose of EM4 on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the pre-nursery. The research method used was a non-factorial completely randomized design with 4 treatments, namely 0 ml EM4 (A1), 4 ml EM4 (A2), 8 ml EM4 (A3), and 12 ml EM4 (A4). Each treatment was repeated 6 times so that there were 24 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed for variance at the 5% level, if the effect was real, it was followed by the least significant difference (LSD) test. Based on the results of the study, it could be concluded that application of various EM4 doses had a significant effect on plant height (4-12 MST), the number of leaves (4-8 MST), trunk girth (4-12 MST), and shoot wet weight but did not significantly affect the number of leaves (12 MST), the volume of roots, length of roots, root wet weight and shoot dry weight, dry weight root, the best dose was shown at a dose of 12 ml EM4.</em>

Salinity-induced changes in growth morphology, gas exchange and leaf abscisic acid level of fifteen polyembryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 170-181
Author(s):  
P.K. Nimbolkar ◽  
Reju M. Kurian ◽  
K.K. Upreti ◽  
R.H. Laxman ◽  
L.R. Varalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Abscisic Acid Level ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Aba Content

Mango is a commercial fruit crop in different parts of the tropical and subtropical world. Commercially important monoembryonic varieties are propagated through grafting onto rootstock seedlings of polyembryonic genotypes that plays an important role in sustained growth and production. Use of salt tolerant genotypes as rootstock to combat the adverse effect of salinity could be helpful for commercial mango production in salt affected areas. Current study was carried out to elucidate the effect of salinity stress induced by NaCl + CaCl2 (1:1 w/w) at 0, 25, 50 and 100 mM concentrations in irrigation water on candidate polyembryonic mango genotypes namely EC-95862, Bappakkai, Vellaikolamban, Nekkare, Turpentine, Muvandan, Kurukkan, Kensington, Olour, Manipur, Deorakhio, Vattam, Mylepelian, Sabre and Kitchener. We studied the morpho-physiological changes of these seedlings under salinity induced stress for determining their relative tolerance by assessing growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, inter-nodal length, fresh weight of shoot, fresh weight of root, dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, stem diameter and physiological parameters like photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, number of stomata and stomata length and width, in addition to ABA content in leaves. Our results clarifies that the polyembryonic genotypes Turpentine, Deorakhio Olour and Bappakkai showed less reduction in terms of growth and better maintenance of gas exchange status under higher level of salinity.

Absorption and Translocation of14C-Chlorsulfuron and14C-Metsulfuron in Wild Garlic (Allium vineale)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Leys ◽  
Fred W. Slife
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Young Shoot ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Wild Garlic

The absorption and translocation patterns of foliar applied14C- chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N- [[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5- triazin- 2 - yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfon-amide} and14C-metsulfuron {2- [[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5- triazin- 2-yl)amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl] benzoic acid} in wild garlic (Allium vinealeL. # ALLVI) were similar. Both14C-chlorsulfuron and l4C-metsulfuron were readily absorbed by wild garlic, with 62 and 58%, respectively, of the applied doses absorbed 144 h after application. After 144 h, 17% of the applied14C-chlorsulfuron and 16% of the applied14C-metsulfuron were translocated out of the treated leaf, with the greatest amounts concentrating in young shoot tissues. Chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron reduced wild garlic shoot dry weight, height, and the number of leaves, more when they were applied to the foliage, or to both the foliage and the soil, than when they were applied to the soil alone.

Control of Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) and Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) in Corn (Zea mays) by Tridiphane and Atrazine Combinations

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Ujjanagouda B. Nandihalli
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
The One ◽  
Panicum Dichotomiflorum ◽  
Large Crabgrass

A single application of 0.56 or 0.84 kg ai/ha tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl) oxirane] plus 2.3 kg ai/ha of atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-niethylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] at the one-to three-leaf stage controlled large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. # DIGSA] and fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorumMichx. #PANDI) 96% or more. A sequential application of 1.1 kg/ha of atrazine, in addition to the above single application, was required for control of the two grass species at the four-to six-leaf stage. Application of tridiphane plus atrazine to large crabgrass and fall panicum beyond the six-leaf stage was ineffective. Tridiphane at 0.75 kg/ha, applied alone, reduced the shoot dry weight of large crabgrass by 71%. The response of tridiphane and atrazine combinations at the four- to five-leaf stage of large crabgrass was additive.

scholarly journals Adaptation Selection of Plants for Utilization in Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated by Crude Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Fadliah Salim ◽  
Yadi Setiadi ◽  
Didy Sopandie ◽  
Mohamad Yani
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The research on adaptation selection for utilization in phytoremediation of soil contaminated by crude oil using four type plants, such as Helianthus annuus, Paspalum conjugatum, Sorghum bicolor, and Tagetes erecta were conducted. The adaptability of four types of plants  on crude oil contaminated soil at total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) level at 0, 3, and 6% were observed and evaluated to their morphological and anatomical responses. Parameters observed were vegetative growth of plants including growth precentage, plant height, number of leaves, root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, total dry weight, and stomatal density for 9 weeks cultivation in screen house. The results show that increasing in TPH level caused in significant reductions on morphological of four plants, such as percentage of plant growth, plant height, number of leaves, root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and total dry weight. In contrast, the increasing in TPH level caused to increasing in root/shoot ratio. The four types of plants studied were effective to be used as plants for phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil. The plants of P. conjugatum and S. bicolor are recommended as phytoremediators for further studies.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv. on Seed Germination and Growth Parameters of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
O. S. Olubode ◽  
D. O. Ayoola
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Phytotoxic Effects ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Phytotoxicity of wild plants is sometimes utilized in the control of weeds. Their effects on crops are however not extensively documented. Effects of aqueous extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv. were thus examined on seeds and seedlings of maize. Two experiments were laid out in complete randomized designs (CRD) and replicated five times. Ten seeds of maize were initially placed in separate petri-dishes and moistened daily with two (2) ml water extracts of different parts of Olax sp. while 2 ml of distilled water served as control. Secondly, maize seedlings growing on top soil in experimental pots were treated with 100 ml of extracts at seven days intervals for eight weeks. Data were collected on number of germinated seeds daily, and lengths of five randomly selected plumules and radicles at 7 days after sowing (DAS). Number of leaves, plant height, root dry weight and shoot dry weight of seedling were measured using standard methods. Analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test were conducted to statistically determine significant means at P=0.05. Mean germination of (0.71±0.00) was observed at 2 DAS and 2.81±0.10 at 7 DAS. Leaf extracts significantly reduced germinability, but significantly increased number of leaves, plant height (26±1.28), root dry weight (10.30±3.24) and shoot dry weight (14.99±2.13). The results showed that Olax subscorpioidea has alloallelopathic (phytotoxic) effects on maize seeds, but stimulated growth of maize seedlings. Its use as a bio-herbicide or growth stimulant in should be well-timed.

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