scholarly journals Public domain, copyright licenses and the freedom to integrate science

2008 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. C04 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wilbanks
Keyword(s):  
Public Domain ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
First Choice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Average Scientist

From the life sciences to the physical sciences, chemistry to archaeology, the last 25 years have brought an unprecedented shift in the way research happens day to day, and the average scientist is now simply awash in data. This comment focuses on the integration and federation of an exponentially increasing pool of data on the global digital network. Furthermore, it explores the question of the legal regimes available for use on this pool of data, with particular attention to the application of “Free/Libre/Open” copyright licenses on data and databases. In fact, the application of such licenses has the potential to severely restrict the integration and federation of scientific data. The public domain for science should be the first choice if integration is our goal, and there are other strategies that show potential to achieve the social goals embodied in many common-use licensing systems without the negative consequences of a copyright-based approach.

scholarly journals Trauma, Shared Recognition and Indigenous Resistance on Social media

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Lee Carlson ◽  
Lani V Jones ◽  
Michelle Harris ◽  
Nelia Quezada ◽  
Ryan Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Indigenous Resistance ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Four Corners

This paper investigates the ways in which Indigenous Australians respond individually, and collectively, to racial vilification by means of social media sites. Introducing the concept of “shared recognition” this paper describes the collective sense of anger and frustration experienced by Indigenous people when traumatic events in the public domain act as reminders of ongoing colonialism. Three examples are explored to demonstrate collective trauma as a result of racist and discriminatory acts that are made public, and the ways in which social media is utilised by Indigenous Australians to make sense of and cope with trauma. Firstly, the Four Corners program on ABC television entitled ‘Australia’s Shame’. Secondly, a cartoon produced by the editorial cartoonist for The Australian newspaper, Bill Leak depicting Indigenous fathers as neglectful. Finally, the social media movement, #IndigenousDads, that emerged in response to these events and demonstrates ongoing resistance to colonial narratives. Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s (2004) notion of “affective economies” this paper unpacks the politics of pain, shame and pride in the aftermath of both the Four Corners program and the Bill Leak cartoon.

Blogging as ‘Recoding’: A Case Study of the Discursive War over the Sinking of the Cheonan

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Yeran Kim ◽  
Irkwon Jeong ◽  
Hyoungkoo Khang ◽  
Bomi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
Discursive Politics ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Media Practices

This article explores how Korean bloggers, in contestation, participate in the social structure of communication and potentially transform it through their vernacular practices of decoding and recoding in the blogosphere. As a neo-liberal regime has been established, citizens practise discursive politics in a seemingly democratic and technologically advanced society that is actually a coercive-controlled communication system. Through the analysis of news blogs on the Cheonan disaster, it is suggested that a majority of bloggers are seen to utilise news media stories to gain leverage for their points of view or to provide counter-arguments against the dominant frames generated by the established news media. The critical reframing of the digital network in Korean society allows a reflexive reading of the Korean digital wave, which should be contextualised within generation politics, economic polarisation and ideological contestation. In order to avoid a nationalistic celebration of the IT power of the country, citizens' digital media practices are analysed as contributions to the democratisation of the public sphere and the enhancement of social openness and participation in the digitised arena of discursive politics.

scholarly journals Somos nosotros, somos gobierno. Experiencia de movimientos sociales en Bolivia

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 264-276
Author(s):  
María Virginia Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The One ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

The emergence of social movements in the public arena had to do with neoliberalism´s negative consequences. Different actors with different interests worked together against the system, which became their “common antagonist”.  On the one hand, after years of autonomous organization, these social movements won social recognition and increased their power. On the other, political parties and trade unions lost legitimacy.  In December 2005, a faction of the Bolivian social movements won the general elections, and Evo Morales (the cocalero movement´s leader) became the first Aymara president in Bolivian history. How to manage this government it is one of the majors challenges the social movements confront in today’s Bolivia. La emergencia de movimientos sociales en la esfera pública está ligada a las consecuencias negativas del neoliberalismo.  Actores sociales provenientes de distintos sectores y con intereses distintos unieron fuerzas contra un sistema que se convirtió en el “antagonista común”.  Después de años de organización autónoma, estos movimientos lograron reconocimiento político e incrementaron su poder de gestión, mientras los partidos políticos y los sindicatos perdían legitimidad.  En diciembre 2005 una facción de los movimientos sociales ganó las elecciones generales y Evo Morales (líder del movimiento cocalero) se convirtió en el primer Presidente aymara de la historia de Bolivia. Cómo gestionar este gobierno constituye hoy día uno de los mayores retos que enfrentan los movimientos sociales.

scholarly journals Social Media as a Contemporary Communication Tool Between a City and its Users – a Theoretical Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Michał Sędkowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interactive Nature

Social media have become a standard in contemporary communication. That is especially true for business which jumped at the opportunity to con­nect with current and prospective customers allowing them to integrate with their favourite brands and products even further. This trend, however, seems to be absent in the public domain. Local authorities notice social media but attempt to use it in a one-to-many format, which is incompatible with the interactive nature of the new medium. Cities can strongly benefit from an active presence in the social sphere as it opens new paths to co-governance and better communication.

scholarly journals The Citizen Professional, Mediatization, and the creation of a Public Domain

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Christof
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Spatial Concept ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
Lived Spaces

Situated within the transition experienced by our welfare states, citizens have become ever more involved in the re-use of derelict public housing stock throughout Europe. These citizens are tentatively to be called ‘citizen professionals’ in the urban realm, a term that serves as a sensitizing concept to explore the social worlds of their contributions to the public domain. Employing various types of media to communicate their progress and success, these urban actors seek to gain the trust of the neighborhood and governmental institutions to sustain their projects within a broader community. Just as the media influence and structure cultural domains and society as a whole, the social-cultural activities carried out by citizen professionals in the public domain are mediatized not only by the actors themselves, but also by municipal organizations, policy workers, and governmental institutions. Grounding mediatization as a socio-spatial concept within empirical practice, the article examines the practices of citizen professionals and describes how they endeavor to attain public acknowledgment by representing their projects as showcases within a public domain. The article builds on pilot interviews conducted in Rotterdam (NAC, Reading Room West) and Vienna (Paradocks) to expound on the projects as lived spaces between mediatized and physical environments. Positioning citizen professionals within contemporary developments in the urban field, the article then investigates the underlying values of the spatial interventions, as well as how governmental bodies relate to their practices. Seen through the lens of mediatization, the article provides insights into how citizen professionals employ their social imaginaries and mobilize their activities around their agenda regarding the creation of a public domain.

BRIEF COMMENTS ON STAFLEU’S PROPOSAL FOR A NEW POLITICAL ASPECT

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Andrew Basden
Keyword(s):  
Public Domain ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Aesthetic Aspect ◽  
The Aesthetic

In “On the character of social communities; the state and the public domain” [Philosophia Reformata 69(2):125-39, 2004] Dick Stafleu has suggested that the social aspect as currently constituted under Dooyeweerd, covers two distinct things: ”¢ companionship ”¢ authority and discipline, and that the latter should become a new aspect, the political, placed after the economic and before the juridical. (Stafleu seems to have dispensed with the aesthetic aspect that currently lies between those two aspects, largely taking Seerveld’s line that it should be redefined and placed earlier; see footnote 9 on p.130) I would like to briefly suggest some issues that need to be discussed and resolved before his suggestion is adopted. I have long felt the tension between the two parts of Dooyeweerd’s version of the social aspect that Stafleu refers to — companionship and authority — and I think Stafleu is right to open up discussion about it. But I am not happy that his proposal either is necessary or solves the problem. Moreover, I can also understand something of Dooyeweerd’s own thinking as he kept the two together.

scholarly journals The social ecology of power in participatory research

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Roura
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Research ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Inequities ◽  
The Social

Abstract Issue As health research funding institutions increasingly require researchers to engage with patients and the public, stakeholder involvement claims have become popular. However, there are renewed concerns that its underpinning participatory requirements are merely applied as a tick-box exercise. Widespread advocacy for the approach without due problematisation is troubling, as it may ultimately reinforce the social inequities that it originally intended to address. Description of the Problem Success histories avail the enormous potential of participatory research but important caveats caution against romanticizing the approach. Despite its enormous potential, there are increasing concerns that participatory research can become a risky method of social inquiry, with potential negative consequences. The “dark side” of participation speaks of the professional and personal risks for the researchers and stakeholders involved, where diverging interests and underlying power inequities are not acknowledged and adequately managed. Results Robust monitoring and evaluation frameworks that explicitly account for power dynamics are urgently needed to assess the distribution of both the benefits and costs derived from participatory research. We outline a socio-ecological framework to comprehensively examine micro, meso and macro level factors influencing processes and outcomes in participatory research, so power dynamics can be adequately monitored and addressed. Lessons If the credibility and legitimacy of participatory research is to be sustained, strategies to monitor and tackle power dynamics are urgently needed. Key messages Power dynamics in participatory research can operate at micro, meso and macro levels. We present a socio-ecological framework to evaluate power dynamics in participatory research.

scholarly journals THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS DIRECTORATE IN EMERGENCIES AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT THE POLICE

2022 ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Андрей Петрович Тюнь
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials ◽  
The Media

В статье рассматриваются основные принципы формирования и трансформации общественного мнения о полиции в гражданской среде, связанные с участием сотрудников правоохранительных органов в мероприятиях, направленных на предотвращение негативных последствий чрезвычайных ситуаций. Рассматриваются объективные риски, возникающие вследствие некорректной трактовки служебных действий сотрудников правоохранительных органов представителями гражданской сферы в условиях ограничения их возможностей с целью минимизации ущерба от чрезвычайной ситуации. Отмечается, что в условиях действия ограничительных мер на период объявления чрезвычайной ситуации усиливается негативное восприятие деятельности сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Оцениваются перспективы, связанные с улучшением социального восприятия полиции в результате освещения самоотверженности и высоких личных качеств сотрудников полиции, с риском для жизни и здоровья участвующих в борьбе с последствиями чрезвычайной ситуации и в спасении гражданского населения. Делается вывод о необходимости использования средств массовой информации как инструмента формирования общественного мнения в целях объективного отражения в общественном сознании россиян профессиональной деятельности работников правоохранительной системы. The paper examines the principles of the formation and transformation of public opinion about the police in the civilian environment, associated with the participation of law enforcement officers in measures aimed at preventing the negative consequences of emergencies. The publication considers the risks associated with the incorrect interpretation of the official actions of law enforcement officials by representatives of the civilian sphere in the context of limiting their capabilities in order to minimize damage from an emergency. The author evaluates the prospects related to improving the social perception of the police through highlighting the disregard of self and high personal qualities of police officers at risk to life and health of those involved in combating the consequences of an emergency and rescuing the civilian population. It is concluded that the media should be used as an instrument for the formation of public opinion in order to objectively reflect the professional activities of law enforcement officials in the public consciousness of Russians.

scholarly journals A tale of two Sister-Principals: Mother Mary Edward (Catherine) McKinley, Sisters of Providence of St Vincent de Paul (Kingston, ON) and Mother Mary of Providence (Catherine) Horan, Sisters of Providence of Holyoke, MA

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Congregational Leaders ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social

This paper analyzes the career of two Sister-Principals who began their religious life in the same congregation: Mother Mary Edward (Catherine) McKinley and Mother Mary of Providence (Catherine) Horan. Depending on whose version of history you read, these women were rival religious or virtuous sisters in habit. Drawing on archival sources and their own writings, the paper analyzes the perceptions, in their own words, of the experiences Mother Mary Edward McKinley and Mother Mary of Providence Horan as Sister-Principals. It also provides an assessment of the historical significance of their careers as case studies of Sister-Principals. The careers of the two Sister-Principals reveal much: both members of the Sisters of Providence of Vincent de Paul (Kingston), both committed to the social welfare of the poor, both forced unwillingly to be Sister-Principals; both elected as congregational leaders; both memorialized in the public domain as powerful women leaders.

scholarly journals The reconstruction of the Siberian cities historical topography by means of GIS technologies (the case of Tobolsk at the turn of the 19th–20th c.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
Elena Bryukhanova ◽  
Evgeniy Krupochkin ◽  
Mariya Rygalova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Population Census ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

The article presents the analytical results of the project to reconstruct the social space of the city of Tobolsk according to the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897. The project is comprehensive, interdisciplinary in nature and is represented by a multi-stage structure. The source base of the project is represented by various types of sources and allows to recreate an objective and fairly complete model of the topography of urban space. The possibilities and effectiveness of the using of geographic information technologies in the studying of urban space are repeatedly confirmed by both foreign and domestic researchers. Many of these projects are available as interactive maps in the public domain on the Internet. The project for the reconstruction of urban space of Siberian cities at the turn of the 19th–20th c. included the development of the GIS “The population of Siberian cities at the turn of the 19th–20th c.” and the presentation of the results in the form of an interactive resource posted in the public domain with its further analysis. The city can be considered as a constantly developing phenomenon. The development of its environment is influenced by various external factors. In direct relationship with the city is its population. The objective of the project at the stage of analytical work is identification of the features and patterns of the influence of urban space on the distribution of the population, taking into account its estate, confessional, professional affiliation, i.e. the formation of the social topography of urban space. Tobolsk was chosen as a city, which preserved a significant number of written and visual sources (photographs). The results of the project showed the appropriateness of applying GIS technologies, which makes it possible to extend this experience to the study of the topography of other Siberian cities.

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