scholarly journals Novel “Doctor Zhivago” by B.L. Pasternak: the specifics of the issue of the cultural hero

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-375
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Cultural Self ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cultural Reality ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Cultural Hero ◽  
Individual Human

The article raises the question of the cultural landmarks of the heroes of the novel B.L. Pasternak “Doctor Zhivago”. As is known, the plot of the work takes place at the turn of the eras, and for some heroes this becomes an incentive to think about their cultural self-determination. Their actions and behavior model are directly related to the attitude to cultural reality described in the work, and sometimes even aimed at its transformation by practical, revolutionary methods. A certain catalytic role in relation to culture is one of the criteria of a cultural hero. From this point of view, a comparative analysis of the positions of B.L. Pasternak and A.A. Blok in relation to the revolutionary events of 1917, their reflection in “Doctor Zhivago” and in the poem “Twelve” is carried out. The image of Yuri Zhivago is investigated from the point of view of the type of cultural hero - the Ascetic. The characteristic is given to the image of Antipov (Strelnikov) as a representative of the type of cultural hero - Conquistador. It has been established that Zhivago’s ascetic cultural position is based on loyalty to timeless ideals, an idea of the aesthetic potential of the Personality in relation to reality, while Antipov's (Strelnikov) actions are aimed at suppressing the individual human principle and, therefore, are devoid of a genuine creative component that nourishes the culture of mankind.

History: changing the forms or forming the changes?

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVEND ERIK LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Vitruvian Man ◽  
Human Responsibility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Change in European cultural history has, for a long period, been discussed through two interrelated notions, that of science and that of history. This paper traces the various stages of this discussion from Antiquity to the present day from the point of view of history. Two reoccurring and paradigmatic characters of mythological descent, Odysseus and Prometheus, illustrate how history as a realm for human responsibility and future planning has established itself as a specific European construct, with the 18th century as its final breakthrough in practical and ideological terms. A close analysis of Leonardo da Vinci's drawing the Vitruvian Man, in statu nascendi, shows how the individual human being carrying the obligations and the promises of this history, is envisioned. The final remarks underline the importance of scientific knowledge in the concrete shaping of this responsibility and a plea for an increased cooperation across the disciplines.

scholarly journals The Logical Basis of a Literary Text, or What Does Porfiry Petrovich Hide in F. M. Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment”?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-259
Author(s):  
Valentina E. Vetlovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Logical Basis ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

<p>The article explores the role of logical connections in an epic text. It is these connections, according to the author of the article, that connect the individual components of the narrative (motifs, complexes of motifs) and make up in the reader&rsquo;s perception for the missing elements. The reticence and failures to mention, common in fiction, appear in the narrative for various reasons. Sometimes due to the aesthetic principles of the writer who prefers ambiguity to a completed statement depriving readers of the opportunity to finish thinking over a vague idea. And sometimes, due to the author&rsquo;s conviction that there is no need to explain the idea implied by what has been earlier said. But it also happens that the omissions in the narrative are engendered by the requirements for the presentation of a chosen topic, for example in crime fiction. But these reasons may go together as it occurs in Crime and Punishment. These ideas are illustrated by the analysis of one of the themes of the novel Crime and Punishment.</p>

scholarly journals LANGUAGE AND CULTURE: DYAD AND UNITY

2013 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
A. L. Semenov ◽  
V. I. Ershov ◽  
D. A. Gusarov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Honorary Doctor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

This paper deals with the concept of the translation approach to the problem of interaction of language and culture in terms of determination of the translation solutions by linguoethnic factors. The authors pay main attention to the analysis of the notion of culture. The concept proceeds from the views and opinions regarding the culture and its role in shaping the identity of the person introduced by the honorary doctor (doctor honoris cause) of the MGIMO-University Federico Major in his book «New page». Sharing the point of view of F. Major , the authors come to the conclusion that culture is a knowledge, based on which an individual perceives and evaluates his performance and behavior. Projecting such a position on the verbal behavior, the authors highlight the leading role of culture in the process of producing a speech act played when choosing the individual models of behavior on the basis of the knowledge of the communicative situation. Based on F. Mayor`s opinion that culture unites rather than divides people, the authors note the presence of universal and unique linguoethnic elements in the cultural knowledge of the representatives of various ethnic groups which determine the degree of similarities and differences in the ways of expressing knowledge in different languages. In this paper the authors reasonably use the term «linguoethnic» to describe the cultural-cognitive peculiarities inherent to individuals as representatives of different ethnic groups, as well as give comparison of the terms «linguoethnic» and «linguocultural».

scholarly journals Designing Functional Clothes for Persons with Locomotor Disabilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonela Curteza ◽  
Viorica Cretu ◽  
Laura Macovei ◽  
Marian Poboroniuc
Keyword(s):  
Life Quality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Psychological Point ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The life quality improvement issue is a problem of national and international interest. This acquires total different values when it is to refer to a series of disadvantaged categories, that is the persons with locomotor disabilities. It is an inevitable social responsibility to create equal opportunities for disabled people, to prevent any intentional or unintentional discrimination that they face and apply positive discrimination if necessary to improve their living standards and to let them have an equal share from social development as productive individuals of society. A disability is any kind of restriction or inability to accomplish a certain activity, which belongs to the interval considered as “normal” for a human being. Disabilities are characterized by deficiencies or excesses in the activity or behaviour that is normally expected from a person; they can be temporary or permanent, reversible or irreversible, progressive or regressive. The physical disabilities that require the use of wheelchairs imply the manufacturing of special clothing products that meet certain needs at a functional and/or therapeutic level. The study presents the main aspects involved in designing and developing textile products for this category of users. Therefore, the apparel that is specially designed for persons with disabilities has to: allow more freedom and independence when is being worn, correspond to the aesthetic point of view, offer psychological benefits and help to socially integrate the individual who wears it. In addition, clothes should not hinder the individual’s mobility and must allow the use of the chest and of the superior limbs to the maximum, they must be durable, have a low level of electrostatic charge, be absorbent and comfortable, present the so-called “rehabilitation functions”, and last but not least, be beneficial for the wearer both from a physical and psychological point of view.

scholarly journals Implicit and apparent in "the veil of bride" a novel by Muhammed Al Humrany

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-240
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdul RazaqNasir
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Historicism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
The Veil ◽  
The Aesthetic

The thesis of New Historicism in this research stand on an approach the narrative discource in a novel named "the veil of bride" by Muhammed Al Humarany an Iraqi novelist. It's written after American occupation to Iraq in 9 April 2003. The approach also try to know how the traces of past enter the modern culture, and put the literary work in the historical Context, and then interpretate the codes of narrative text, and deeply digging to grasp the cultural systems, that lies in aesthetic text. This systems that disguise in the novels meanwhile its imagenativelyportartes the reality, from point of view agree or disagree with the historical events. So this resaearch try to deconstruct the central and dominant discourses in the aesthetic text, to reveal the part of diver mountain in the discourses of texts. The research diveds into two parts: First is a theoritcal approach, which distinguish between the traditional historical criticism and New Historical criticism, and how are they connect with the cultural criticism. Second is try to approach the novel of this research

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEARIFAN LOKAL NOVEL BIDADARI BERMATA BENING KARYA HABIBURRAHMAN EL SHIRAZY DAN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARANNYA DI KELAS XII SMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Murni Cahyani ◽  
Kadaryati Kadaryati ◽  
Bagiya Bagiya
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Text Learning ◽  
Natural Flora ◽  
The Face ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
And Behavior

This research aims to describe: (1) intrinsic elements; (2) local wisdom contained in the novel Bidadari Bermata Bening by Habiburrahman El Shirazy; (3) the plan to implement the learning of Bening Edged Bening novel by Habiburrahman El Shirazy in class XII of SMA. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The results of this study concluded that (1) the intrinsic elements of the Bidadari Bering Bening novel, namely (a) themes: the major themes of the story of a woman's struggle in sustaining life, minor themes include, matchmaking, self-esteem, romance; (b) figures and characterizations: the main characters, namely Ayna and Gus Afif. Ayna is intelligent, assertive, patient and loyal, Gus Afif is intelligent, shy, responsible, humble, and independent; (c) flow: forward, (d) setting: setting, including Kanzul Ulum Islamic Boarding School, Lombok and Bait Ibni Sabil; time settings include morning, afternoon, evening and night; socio-cultural background including Javanese socio-cultural background); (e) point of view: the point of view of the all-knowing third person; (f) mandate: never put down others, never give up, and always be patient in the face of life's trials; (2) Local wisdoms in the Bidadari Bering Bening novel include (a) languages: Javanese, (b) knowledge systems: natural surroundings, natural flora, natural flora, and the characteristics and behavior of humans, (c) social organizations: systems kinship, (d) equipment of human life: food and shelter and housing, (e) livelihood system: merchants, (f) religious system: religious rituals and teachers / religious leaders, (g) arts: shadow puppets; (3) The plan for implementing novel text learning in class XII SMA based on the 2013 curriculum is contained in the basic competence 3.9 analyzing the contents of the novel and the language of the novel. The method used is a scientific-based Inquiry Learning method. Keywords: Clear-eyed Angels, intrinsic elements, local wisdom.

scholarly journals Lingual Aspects of Mystical Narration in V. Shevchuk’s Novel “The Beginning of Horror”

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Florij Batsevych
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Unreliable Narrator ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Christian View ◽  
Flow Of Time ◽  
The Individual

In recent decades, the researchers of artistic stories have paid their attention to the narrative analysis of a set of weird texts of mystical and absurd content, works of “black humour”, fantastic (khymerna) prose created by a non-anthropic narrator or by an author in a changed state of consciousness. These texts serve the field of actualizing atypical and non-usual narrative structures, the sphere of meaningful changes within the bounds of narrative categories and, which is important, of forming special communicative senses of aesthetic nature. The basic problems of the linguistic analysis of “unnatural” stories are identifying the types of changes in the narration constituents, reasons of these changes and narrative categories (first of all, events, participants, objects, chronotope characteristics, points of view, moduses, modalities, etc.). The article analyses one of the texts of mystical content aiming at the revealing of some specificities of the structure and functioning of the so-called “unnatural artistic narrations”. The object of the research is V. Shevchuk’s novel “The Beginning of Horror”. The subject of the analysis is lingual means of the narrative structure formation, the author’s objectification of the mystical artistic sense and lingual “signals” of a reader’s perception of these senses. The most important semantic means of creating mystical atmosphere of the story are predicates that ascribe the names of their referents atypical dynamic and static features connected with the Christian view of the infernal world. It helps to form narrative events that root in weird situations, which cannot take place in reality. Non-dispositional nature of these situations correlates with the reference to the mystery that goes far beyond the bounds of a usual perceptive and psycho-mental background. Among the pragmatic means of creating mystical atmosphere of the main hero’s story as well as of the novel in general, we specify the individual inimitative perception of the flow of time and modality of “real unreality” formed by the role of an unreliable narrator and a vague point of view of the described event with its perceptive, ideological and time planes of objectification. Due to the increasing interest to various expressions of the esoteric, the increase of the number of artistic works of such content and growth of their popularity, we consider it topical to proceed in further investigations of lingual-narrative aspects of “unnatural” stories, in particular, the ones with the modus of mystical in them.

scholarly journals “Inte­resting” in the Aesthetic Landscape of the City

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 693-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga N. Astafyeva ◽  
Natalia V. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Cultural Reality ◽  
The City

The article examines the aesthetic category of “interesting” as a dominant of urban environment development. The authors try to comprehend this category from the point of view of cultural know­ledge. The article includes a theoretical section, where, basing on well-known concepts, the authors outline the principles of embedding the “interesting”, as something aesthetics and artistic, in the postmo­dern fabric of modern megacities. The analytical part of the article is based on specific examples represen­ted by urban cultural landscapes, by the post­modern clash of art and non-art in urban space, by event communications and other forms of urban culture representation. The study resulted in designation of one of the main problems of modern cities: as a result of their excessive saturation with “interesting”, there can be observed a gro­wing cultural and aesthetic insensitivity to the “inte­resting” among their citizens.From the methodological point of view, the study revealed that, in interpretation of modern phenomena of socio-cultural reality, it is not enough to proceed from the basic principles of a particular science. So, the interdisciplinary approach, as a methodolo­gical resource in demand today, allows revealing, by the example of the concept of “inte­resting”, the interconnection and interdependence of the methodological approaches of aesthetics and culturology for stu­dying the cultural environment of modern cities.The authors analyze the “interesting” as an instrument of influencing on the cultural environment of the city and the perception of its text. As a result, the “interesting” intensifies the nonlinearity and fractality of urban space. On the example of Russian ci­ties development, the article reveals that the formation of a new cultural environment is always connected not only with changing of artistic design solutions or/and aesthetics trends. The authors prove that the need for “interesting” widens the frames of the subject field of aesthetics. The “interesting” is moving to the cen­ter of interdisciplinary cultural studies.

scholarly journals The stranger in Luandino Vieira’s literary writing: an analysis of the book O livro dos rios

Scriptorium ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e36258
Author(s):  
Junia Paula Saraiva Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Guerrilla War ◽  
Literary Writing ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Stranger

This article refers to the book O livro dos Rios by the Angolan writer José Luandino Vieira, published in 2006. The novel tells the story of Kapapa, who became Kene Vua during the guerrilla war and is again Kapapa. The character narrator recounts his memories of traumas and war from his childhood to adulthood, through the course of the waters of the Angolan rivers, which become secondary charactersof history. In addition, the individual memories of the character intertwine with the collective memories of his country. The storyteller’s way of telling, through the water metaphor and the recreated language, fits the narrative of the novel into the aesthetic of the stranger proposed by Sigmund Freud, in his work The Stranger, when referring to a new way of thinking aesthetics. The waters participate in the narration of the novel. The character narrator blends languages and uses neologisms to tellabout the unspeakable experience of war and violence. The research proposes to analyze the elements within the scope of the stranger present in the book The bookof rivers, studying the narrative and the form of account of the narrator.

Motyw choroby i dysfunkcji w powieści Marii Matios Słodka Darusia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Marta Zambrzycka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Dimension ◽  
Individual Human

The text concerns the subject of the disease in Ukrainian literature based on the novel by Maria Matios Sweet Darusia. The novel was published in 2003, has received many awards and is one of the most famous Ukrainian novels of the last decades. Many Ukrainian literary scholars have written about this novel, including Sofi a Filonenko, Jaroslaw Holoborodko, Nila Zborowska and Tamara Hundorowa. Maria Matios analyzes in Sweet Darusia an illness as a metaphor for social and cultural phenomena. In the fi rst part of my paper, I analyse the metaphor of a disease and dysfunction in Ukrainian literature. The second part of the text is about a disease as a consequence of the traumatic experience of the heroine, in which Maria Matios illustrates the problems of memory of the Ukrainian nation. Diseases, dysfunctions, and pathological states are quite popular motifs in the Ukrainian prose of the independence period. They appear, among others, in the texts of Yuri Andrukhovych, Stepan Procuik, Oksana Zabuzko, Yuri Gudz, and Yuri Izdryk. All mentioned authors combine a state of disease with the mental, political and economic condition of post-Soviet society. In Ukrainian prose, the disease is a posttraumatic symptom, manifested in both the individual plan – in the hero’s body and psyche – and also with a broader, over-individual dimension, allowing to diagnose the condition of post-totalitarian space residents. In the novel Sweet Darusia, physical suff ering and illness of the main character is an image of a historical trauma experienced by totalitarian society. The illness in this novel is the starting point for self-refl ection and the stimulus to construct new identifi cation, basing on what is individual, human, intimate but often painful and difficult to accept.

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