Corruption and human nature: an ecosystem analysis experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
NIZAMI MAMEDOV ◽  
◽  
ZHANNA SHISHOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Service Ecosystem ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
External Incentives ◽  
The Relationship

The global problem of corruption needs an integrative understanding from psychology, sociology, jurisprudence, and cultural approaches. Corruption threatens national and global security, leads to the degradation of humanistic, moral values, and significantly reduces the level of social capital and the effectiveness of governance in a wide range of areas. The article considers the origins of corruption and its motivating factors based on ideas concerning the nature of man, the human psyche, based on an analysis of the relationship between the conscious and unconscious levels of consciousness and subconscious, instinctive impulses. The author discusses the possibility of preventing corruption in an ecosystem approach to civil service, which would allow a holistic presentation of internal and external factors that determine the essence of the civil service, the prerequisites, and conditions for its harmonization with the social environment. By understanding civil servants’ behavior, internal motives, and external incentives, it is possible to define a public service ecosystem that will ensure a symbiosis between the civil service, society, and the State. The creation of such an ecosystem can contribute to the qualitative improvement of public administration.

Administrative elites and the crisis: what lies ahead for the senior civil service in Greece?

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calliope Spanou
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Civil Service Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Elites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The nature of the relationship between the public administration and politics and the subsequent role of the administration appear to be incompatible with the emergence of an administrative elite. After analysing the reasons for this incompatibility, the article explores the impact of the measures taken in the wake of the economic crisis on the civil service and its reform, and also the prospects for the development of a senior civil service. The key, and also the challenge, to any change in this direction remains the rebalancing of the relationship between the public administration and politics. Points for practitioners What might interest practitioners is the issue of the conditions of effectiveness of civil service reform in times of economic crisis and significant pressure.

Developing algorithms to optimize the Russian regions' social overheads advancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-299
Author(s):  
Valerii P. CHICHKANOV ◽  
Aleksandra V. VASIL'EVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Subject. This article analyzes the effectiveness of public administration in the social sphere. Objectives. The article aims to standardize the decision-making process for managing the region's social development through statistical analysis techniques. Methods. For the study, we used correlation and cluster analyses. Results. The article highlights weaknesses in the development of the social sphere and assesses the relationship between the individual areas of its development, and the effectiveness of its financing. It offers algorithms that take into account the patterns of social development and the specifics of certain types of economic activity. Conclusions. The results obtained were used to develop algorithms to optimize the development of the social sphere at the regional level. The socio-economic differentiation of the Russian Federation subjects in a number of regions requires an analysis of the specifics of the development of the social sphere of the region under consideration and adjustments to the proposed algorithms.

When the Rainbows Bring the Crawfish

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
V. Constanza Ocampo-Raeder
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Liminal Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

In this article I present the social life of camarones, a Peruvian river crustacean used in some of the region’s favorite dishes, and the liminal space they occupy in the geography, minds, and ecosystem of Peru and its people. I situate the relationship between these crawfish and the folks who capture them, known as camaroneros, within insights of environmental anthropologists and food scholars who also explore the connections between cultural and biological diversity and the entangled socio-ecological histories that inform the manner in which nature is mediated and understood by local societies. In this article, however, I expand this understanding to reveal unexpected spaces of engagement, especially those that emerge while eating, which tend to be overlooked by bounded notions of culture and nature and limit the ways we can imagine human-nature relationships. Via the story of camarones and camaroneros of one river valley of Peru, I argue that eating is a socio-ecological act that is imbued with profound cultural meanings involving a wide range of participants—not just farmers or producers—each with their own ecological identities yet still implicitly linked to one another through the process of producing, preparing, and consuming food.

THE TRANSITION FROM LOGICAL POSITIVISM TO PHENOMENOLOGY IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES: POLITICAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
A.A. KOVALEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Logical Positivism ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Social

The purpose of this study is to study the research potential of the phenomenological approach in the social sciences, which emerged in the first half of the XX century as a critique of the dominant method of logical positivism at that time. The following scientific approaches and methods were used in the article: the method of analysis, description and comparison, as well as the phenomenological approach. The author has made an attempt to prove the significance of phenomenology in the social sciences by means of comparison as a way not only to describe facts, but also to explain motives and unobservable meanings. According to the results of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the solution of urgent problems of society through the practical application of the acquired knowledge about society is possible only if the phenomenological method is actively applied in such a scientific and practical discipline as public administration. This will help to overcome the bureaucratization of the civil service, the isolation of the state administrative apparatus from real social problems, as well as to involve the population itself in the process of public administration, establishing feedback.

The social structure of free and open source software development

First Monday ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Crowston ◽  
James Howison
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Development Teams ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bug Tracking ◽  
The Relationship

Metaphors, such as the Cathedral and Bazaar, used to describe the organization of FLOSS projects typically place them in sharp contrast to proprietary development by emphasizing FLOSS’s distinctive social and communications structures. But what do we really know about the communication patterns of FLOSS projects? How generalizable are the projects that have been studied? Is there consistency across FLOSS projects? Questioning the assumption of distinctiveness is important because practitioner–advocates from within the FLOSS community rely on features of social structure to describe and account for some of the advantages of FLOSS production. To address this question, we examined 120 project teams from SourceForge, representing a wide range of FLOSS project types, for their communications centralization as revealed in the interactions in the bug tracking system. We found that FLOSS development teams vary widely in their communications centralization, from projects completely centered on one developer to projects that are highly decentralized and exhibit a distributed pattern of conversation between developers and active users. We suggest, therefore, that it is wrong to assume that FLOSS projects are distinguished by a particular social structure merely because they are FLOSS. Our findings suggest that FLOSS projects might have to work hard to achieve the expected development advantages which have been assumed to flow from "going open." In addition, the variation in communications structure across projects means that communications centralization is useful for comparisons between FLOSS teams. We found that larger FLOSS teams tend to have more decentralized communication patterns, a finding that suggests interesting avenues for further research examining, for example, the relationship between communications structure and code modularity.

Social Responsibility and Organisational Commitment in Local Public Administration: The Moderating Role of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Social Bonding

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalsoom BeBe ◽  
Wang Bing
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The commitment of public employees to organisations is an imperative deliberation that affects the efficiency of public services organisations. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the social responsibility among local public administrators raises organisational commitment. This study subsequently explores the moderating role of citizenship behaviour and social bonding (permanent vs temporary employees) of public employees in the relationship between social responsibility and organisational commitment. In this study, empirical data are collected from local officials working in local public administration services organisations in Pakistan (n = 308). The statistical analysis is used to test the relationship between social responsibility and commitment and the moderating effect of citizenship behaviour and social bonding on social responsibility-organisational commitment relationship.The results show that social responsibility is a determinant to organisational commitment and citizenship behaviour and social bonding moderate the social responsibility-commitment relationship. The effect of social responsibility on organisational commitment is stronger in permanent public administrators having high perspective of organisational citizenship behaviours than in temporary public administrators having low perspective of organisational citizenship behaviours. This study contributes to knowledge of the effect of social responsibility on organisational commitment in local public employees and proves that citizenship behaviour and social bonding affect the social responsibility-commitment relationship in local public administrators.

scholarly journals Interrelation of Psychological Features of Students and Their Willingness for Volunteer Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
M.N. Rashodchikova ◽  
M.Ye. Sachkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
State University ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Empathy ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moscow State University

The paper discusses areas of research of volunteering and the determinants of willingness for volunteer activities in young people.We present outcomes of an empirical study of psychological characteristics both in students who are willing to volunteer and in those who are not.The study involved 105 second- and third-year students of psychology (59%) and management (41%) departments of two universities in Moscow (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education).The subjects were aged 19-22 years, with an average age of 19,8 years; 76% were females.The following techniques were used in the study: the altruism questionnaire (by O.F.Potemkina), the social empathy measure (by A.Mehrabian and N.Epstein, Russian adaptation by Yu.M.Orlov and Yu.N.Emelyanov), and the questionnaire of volunteer willingness developed specially for the study.The results of the study showed that there were significant differences in the willingness to volunteer and in the level of empathy and altruism among psychology students and manager students.The paper discusses the relationship between altruism, empathy indicators and willingness to participate in volunteer.

FLEXIBLE SYSTEMS DESIGN

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Cellucci ◽  
Michele Di Sivo
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Life Cycle Design ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
The Relationship

The research explores the relationship between uncertainty, flexibility and Life Cycle Design in the design of complex systems, in general, and in the particular case of the design of building systems. In the architectural-engineering works, conceived as activities aimed at generating new systems, the comparison with the uncertainty is inevitable. There is a wide range of types of uncertainty; a possible simplification is to consider two types of causes of uncertainty, the presence of the internal or external uncertainties to the system. That is the variability of demand (unknowns about the social and economic context) or the variability of technological market (unknowns about the performance of the system), in other words the functional obsolescence and the technological obsolescence. If flexibility is the ability of a system to be easily modified and to respond to changes in the environment in a timely and convenient, then the flexibility can be considered the antidote to obsolescence, or the characteristic of the system that guarantees slippage over time. It’s that property that makes the system resilient able to absorb the shock and/or disturbance without undergoing major alterations in its functional organization, in its structure and in its identity characteristics. In the paper, the flexibility is therefore seen as a fundamental property for designing a generally complex system, and particularly in architectural design, through the identification of design criteria for the implementation of this requirement, that influence on architecture (form more technology) of the system.

The social structure of free and open source software development (originally published in Volume 10, Number 2, February 2005)

First Monday ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Crowston ◽  
James Howison
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Development Teams ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bug Tracking ◽  
The Relationship

Metaphors, such as the Cathedral and Bazaar, used to describe the organization of FLOSS projects typically place them in sharp contrast to proprietary development by emphasizing FLOSS’s distinctive social and communications structures. But what do we really know about the communication patterns of FLOSS projects? How generalizable are the projects that have been studied? Is there consistency across FLOSS projects? Questioning the assumption of distinctiveness is important because practitioner–advocates from within the FLOSS community rely on features of social structure to describe and account for some of the advantages of FLOSS production. To address this question, we examined 120 project teams from SourceForge, representing a wide range of FLOSS project types, for their communications centralization as revealed in the interactions in the bug tracking system. We found that FLOSS development teams vary widely in their communications centralization, from projects completely centered on one developer to projects that are highly decentralized and exhibit a distributed pattern of conversation between developers and active users. We suggest, therefore, that it is wrong to assume that FLOSS projects are distinguished by a particular social structure merely because they are FLOSS. Our findings suggest that FLOSS projects might have to work hard to achieve the expected development advantages which have been assumed to flow from "going open." In addition, the variation in communications structure across projects means that communications centralization is useful for comparisons between FLOSS teams. We found that larger FLOSS teams tend to have more decentralized communication patterns, a finding that suggests interesting avenues for further research examining, for example, the relationship between communications structure and code modularity.

Participation as assemblage: Introducing assemblage as a framework for analysing participatory processes and outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Stage ◽  
Karen Ingerslev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Power Allocation ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Task Force ◽  
The Social ◽  
Participatory Processes ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
Societal Challenge ◽  
User Perspectives ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents a yet unexplored framework for analysing the multidimensionality and dis/connections of participatory processes and their outcomes by using the concept of the ‘assemblage’ (DeLanda, 2006). The case is an eight-month collaboration between a task force initiated by Central Denmark Region, the socio-economic company Sager der Samler, and citizens. The collaboration is aimed at bringing together and working across various institutional and user perspectives to act on a societal challenge. The analysis is theoretically based on a review of existing theories of participation and typologies for analysing and evaluating participation. In particu- lar, the analysis focuses on the assemblage approach as a way of acknowledging the institutional, affective, mate- rial and power-related complexity of participatory processes. The assemblage approach helps to analytically stress that the process under investigation should be evaluated both with a more traditional focus on decision-making or power allocation, as well as taking into account the social, personal-affective and material benefits produced, and the potential for change in the relationship between public administration and citizens. 

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