scholarly journals Hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, lipid peroxidation and membrane damage in leaves of the tree Prosopis nigra (Fabaceae) under simulated glyphosate drift

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e3170
Author(s):  
Diego Ariel Meloni ◽  
Graciela Inés Bolzón
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Electron Transport Rate ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Modulated Fluorescence ◽  
Glyphosate Drift ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Introduction: The tree Prosopis nigra is native to the Western Chaco phytogeographic region, affected by the application of glyphosate in the surrounding crops. Objective: To determine the impact of simulated glyphosate drift on growth, photosynthesis and oxidative stress in P. nigra seedlings. Methods: We simulated drift in seedlings at doses of 0, 200, 400 and 800 g a.e. ha-1 of glyphosate. We also measured gas exchange and modulated fluorescence emission of chlorophyll a. Results: Glyphosate reduced biomass, photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance. Doses of 400 and 800 g a.e. ha-1 glyphosate produced photoinhibition. The electron transport rate was sensitive to glyphosate, and it decreased at all doses of the herbicide. Glyphosate generated oxidative stress, and produced damage to membranes, because of the accumulation of H2O2 and O2.. Conclusions: Glyphosate reduces growth and photosynthesis in these seedlings. The inhibition of photosynthesis is due to stomatal closure, and alterations in the photochemical stage, associated with oxidative stress. 

Mercury Exposure and Endothelial Dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Omanwar ◽  
M. Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mercury Exposure ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Vascular endothelium plays a vital role in the organization and function of the blood vessel and maintains homeostasis of the circulatory system and normal arterial function. Functional disruption of the endothelium is recognized as the beginning event that triggers the development of consequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) including atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. There is a growing data associating mercury exposure with endothelial dysfunction and higher risk of CVD. This review explores and evaluates the impact of mercury exposure on CVD and endothelial function, highlighting the interplay of nitric oxide and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals A cafeteria diet triggers intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in obese rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gil-Cardoso ◽  
I. Ginés ◽  
M. Pinent ◽  
A. Ardévol ◽  
X. Terra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Genetic Obesity ◽  
Obesogenic Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractThe gastrointestinal alterations associated with the consumption of an obesogenic diet, such as inflammation, permeability impairment and oxidative stress, have been poorly explored in both diet-induced obesity (DIO) and genetic obesity. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of an obesogenic diet on the gut health status of DIO rats in comparison with the Zucker (fa/fa) rat leptin receptor-deficient model of genetic obesity over time. For this purpose, female Wistar rats (n 48) were administered a standard or a cafeteria diet (CAF diet) for 12, 14·5 or 17 weeks and were compared with fa/fa Zucker rats fed a standard diet for 10 weeks. Morphometric variables, plasma biochemical parameters, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the ileum were assessed, as well as the expressions of proinflammatory genes (TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)) and intestinal permeability genes (zonula occludens-1, claudin-1 and occludin). Both the nutritional model and the genetic obesity model showed increased body weight and metabolic alterations at the final time point. An increase in intestinal ROS production and MPO activity was observed in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats fed a CAF diet but not in the genetic obesity model. TNF-α was overexpressed in the ileum of both CAF diet and fa/fa groups, and ileal inflammation was associated with the degree of obesity and metabolic alterations. Interestingly, the 17-week CAF group and the fa/fa rats exhibited alterations in the expressions of permeability genes. Relevantly, in the hyperlipidic refined sugar diet model of obesity, the responses to chronic energy overload led to time-dependent increases in gut inflammation and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Inside the Pathogenesis of Ascending Aorta Aneurysms: A Clearer Vision for Identifying Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Balistreri ◽  
Calogera Pisano ◽  
Giovanni Ruvolo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Aorta Aneurysm ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Ascending aorta aneurysm (AsAA) is a complex disease, currently defined an inflammatory disease. In the sporadic form, AsAA has, indeed, a complex physiopathology with a strong inflammatory basis, significantly modulated by genetic variants in innate/inflammatory genes, acting as independent risk factors and as largely evidenced in our recent studies performed during the last 10 years. Based on these premises, here, we want to revise the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress on AsAA pathophysiology and consequently on the onset and progression of sporadic AsAA. This might consent to add other important pieces in the intricate puzzle of the pathophysiology of this disease with the translational aim to identify biomarkers and targets to apply in the complex management of AsAA, by facilitating the AsAA diagnosis currently based only on imaging evaluations, and the treatment exclusively founded on surgery approaches.

scholarly journals The impact of various antihypertensive medications on vascular aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
E. N. Dudinskaya ◽  
L. V. Matchekhina ◽  
K. A. Eruslanova ◽  
O. A. Dogotar ◽  
L. P. Ryltseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stress Patterns ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The review summarizes the data of past two decades on the effect of hypertension on vascular aging and considers the effect of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress patterns on the remodeling of cardiovascular system. Clinical studies on the effect of various classes of antihypertensive drugs on age-associated parameters of vascular aging are discussed. These include endothelial dysfunction and arterial assessed by endothelium-dependent vasodilation, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, cardiovascular index, thickness of the intima-media complex, and so on.

scholarly journals Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid and Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid Alter the Blood Lipidome and the Hepatic Proteome in a Murine Model of Diet-Induced Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
Marisa Pfohl ◽  
Lishann Ingram ◽  
Emily Marques ◽  
Adam Auclair ◽  
Benjamin Barlock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a family of environmental toxicants that have infiltrated the living world. This study explores diet-PFAS interactions and the impact of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexanesulfonic (PFHxS) on the hepatic proteome and blood lipidomic profiles. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with either a low-fat diet (10.5% kcal from fat) or a high fat (58% kcal from fat) high carbohydrate (42 g/l) diet with or without PFOS or PFHxS in feed (0.0003% wt/wt) for 29 weeks. Lipidomic, proteomic, and gene expression profiles were determined to explore lipid outcomes and hepatic mechanistic pathways. With administration of a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet, PFOS and PFHxS increased hepatic expression of targets involved in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. In the blood, PFOS and PFHxS altered serum phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, plasmogens, sphingomyelins, and triglycerides. Furthermore, oxidized lipid species were enriched in the blood lipidome of PFOS and PFHxS treated mice. These data support the hypothesis that PFOS and PFHxS increase the risk of metabolic and inflammatory disease induced by diet, possibly by inducing dysregulated lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Decreased Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Subjects Who Underwent Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Closed Cryochamber with Subsequent Kinesiotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Stanek ◽  
Ewa Romuk ◽  
Tomasz Wielkoszyński ◽  
Stanisław Bartuś ◽  
Grzegorz Cieślar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate the impact of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) and subsequent kinesiotherapy on oxidative stress and lipid profile when performed in a closed cryochamber on healthy subjects. Material and Methods. The effect of ten WBC procedures lasting 3 minutes a day followed by a 60-minute session kinesiotherapy on oxidative stress and lipid profile in healthy subjects (WBC group, n=16) was investigated. The WBC group was compared to the kinesiotherapy only (KT; n=16) group. The routine parameters of oxidative stress (antioxidant enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation products, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI)) and lipid profile were estimated one day before the beginning and one day after the completion of the research program. Results. After treatment, in the WBC group, a significant decrease of oxidative stress markers (TOS and OSI) and a significant increase of total antioxidant capacity were observed. The activity of plasma SOD-Mn and erythrocyte total SOD increased significantly in the WBC group. In the KT group, the erythrocyte activity of total SOD, CAT, and GR decreased significantly after the treatment. The levels of T-Chol and LDL-Chol decreased significantly after treatment in both groups, but the observed decrease of these lipid parameters in the WBC group was higher in comparison to the KT group. The level of TG decreased significantly after treatment in the WBC group only. Conclusion. WBC performed in a closed cryochamber followed by kinesiotherapy improves lipid profile and decreases oxidative stress in healthy subjects.

Antioxidant properties of formula derived Maillard reaction products in colons of intrauterine growth restricted pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2582-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Elmhiri ◽  
Dounia Hamoudi ◽  
Samir Dou ◽  
Narges Bahi-Jaber ◽  
Julie Reygnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Maillard Reaction ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Maillard Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the impact of the consumption of high MRP formula on changes in the microbiota and oxidative stress in the colon of IUGR piglets.

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