scholarly journals Análisis del comercio exterior de autopartes en Colombia

Respuestas ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Martín Darío Arango-Serna ◽  
Daniela Gutiérrez-Sepúlveda ◽  
Luisa Fernanda Ortiz-Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Balance Of Trade ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Auto Parts

Antecedentes: El comercio internacional es entendido como “el intercambio de bienes y servicios entre personas residentes en diferentes países”[1]. Las actividades de comercio exterior que se realizan en Colombia se encuentran basadas en la teoría mercantilista que fundamenta el aumento de la riqueza de un país en el comercio exterior a partir deuna balanza comercial positiva. Objetivo: El sector autopartes colombiano es relevante para la economía del país, al representar el 6.2% del PIB, lo que hace importante su análisis para entender su comportamiento. Metodología: Revisión y análisis del comercio exterior de autopartes en Colombia, con base a la literatura científica, documentos gubernamentales y el sistema de información de comercio exterior –SICEX. Resultados a partir de la información analizada se presenta un análisis de la balanza comercial para el sector autopartes en Colombiano, dando a conocer elementos relevantes del estudio de las partidas arancelarias registradas en las operaciones de importación y exportación de autopartes en los años 2009, 2010 y 2011. Conclusiones: Este artículo identifica las principales empresas, productos, países de origen y destino de las operaciones de comercio exterior de autopartes en Colombia, al ser esta una industria influyente en el crecimiento económico del país.Palabras claves: Comercio exterior, Balanza comercial, sector autopartes, partidas arancelariasAbstractBackground: The international trade is understood as “the interchange of goods and services between people living in different countries” [1]. International trade activities performed from Colombia are based on mercantilist theory, which is founded in the increase of wealth starting from a positive trade balance. Objective: To analyze the Colombian auto parts industry in order to understand its behavior, given its relevance for the national economy, as it represents 6.2% of the GDP (Gross Domestic Product). Methodology: Review and analysis of foreign trade of spare parts in Colombia, based on scientific literature, government documents and the information registered at the system of foreign trade -SICEX. Results: An analysis of the trade balance for the spare parts sector in Colombia is showed, providing relevant elements about the registered tariff items in the import and export operations of auto parts in 2009, 2010 and 2011. Conclusion:This paper identifies the main companies, products, countries of origin and destiny for the foreign trade operation of automotive spare parts in Colombia, given the influence and contribution of this industry for the economic growth of the country.Keywords: Foreign trade, auto parts industry, tariff items, balance of trade.

scholarly journals Direction and Problems of Foreign Trade in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Shashikala Sharma
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Trade Expansion ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World

 Foreign trade or international trade is the transaction of goods and services between two or more countries. It plays a vital role in developing the economy of a country. The purpose of this study was to identify the direction and problems of foreign trade in Nepal, and to find out the possibilities of foreign trade expansion of the period from fiscal year 2011/12 to 2018/19. The study used quantitative data collected from secondary sources consulting physical library and internet. It was found in the study that most of the foreign trade of Nepal is directed to India. It was also found that there was deficit trade balance as there was decreasing export and increasing imports. As a result, the trade balance is negative and growing every year. Further, the foreign trade in Nepal is highly dependent with India which needs to be diversified to rest of the world.

scholarly journals Logística e comércio internacional da fruticultura no estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-53
Author(s):  
Igor Martins Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Andrei Gonçalves Pereira
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
The Road ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Transport Logistics

Na era globalização, a economia mundial tem vivenciado um processo de reestruturação produtiva, intensificando os fluxos nos territórios inerentes às interações espaciais de recursos, de bens e de serviços que circulam entre os mercados nacionais e internacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as dinâmicas socioespaciais dos fluxos de comércio internacional do estado de Minas Gerais por meio da logística das redes de importações e de exportações de frutas, no período de 2000 a 2017. Como resultado, identificou-se que, no mercado externo de frutas, Minas Gerais se relaciona comercialmente com 88 países, sendo 52 nas redes de exportação e 36 na rede de importação. Na operacionalização dos fluxos no comércio global, a logística de transportes foi realizada através dos modais rodoviário, marítimo e aéreo, configurando-se como um elemento geográfico, visto que as transações comerciais demandam o gerenciamento da fluidez, do planejamento e da organização dos diferentes territórios.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Logística, Comércio Internacional, Fruticultura. ABSTRACTIn the era of globalization, the world economy has undergone a process of productive restructuring, intensifying flows in the territories inherent to the spatial interactions of resources, goods and services that circulate between national and international markets. The objective of this work is to analyze the sociospatial dynamics of the international trade flows of the state of Minas Gerais through the logistics of import and export fruit networks, from 2000 to 2017. As a result, it was identified that in the market Minas Gerais has a commercial relationship with 88 countries, 52 in export networks and 36 in the import network. In the operationalization of flows in global trade, transport logistics was carried out through the road, sea and air modalities, being configured as a geographic element, since commercial transactions demand the management of the fluidity, planning and organization of the different territories.KEYWORDS: Logistic, International Trade, Fruticulture.

scholarly journals Covid-19 pandemic and Foreign Trade: A Comparative Analysis in Indian Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3334-3340
Author(s):  
Devasish Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Trade Surplus ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Merchandise Trade

Covid-19 and lockdown as its preventive measure hit Indian Economy at a worst time. The trade performances prior to the pandemic was not satisfactory and held a decreasing trend in terms of the previous periods. In this paper an honest attempt has been made to analyse international trade as an Engine of Economic Growth, that is, its importance or significance in Economic Growth processes as well as to assess the comparative trend in international trade before and after the pandemic situation. This paper is based on secondary data. The paper is essentially a descriptive and analytical in nature. Statistical tools like graph, table etc are used for better understanding. The foreign trade is found to be diminishing in its share while analysing the data of last 10 years prior to the pandemic and nationwide lockdown. The merchandise trade surplus in June 2020 was estimated at USD 0.79 billion as against deficit of USD 15.28 billion in June, 2019. The trade balance for service is estimated at USD 6.83 on 15th July,2020. India recorded first trade surplus since January, 2002.

scholarly journals An Analysis of International Trade of Montenegro Using Statistics on the Operations of Transnational Corporations’ Affiliates

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Olivera Živković ◽  
Predrag Bjelić
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Statistical Concept ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Foreign Affiliates ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Foreign Corporations ◽  
International Transactions

Abstract Most of the international trade today takes place through transnational corporations that have changed its structure and directions of activity. The scope of international transactions that occur within transnational corporations is increasingly replacing the classical cross-border forms of import and export of goods and services. The transition process and the opening of Montenegro towards the rest of the world has had its influence on significant inflows of foreign direct investments and the presence of a large number of companies controlled by foreign capital. If we neglected the sales data of foreign corporations’ affiliates we would attain a distorted picture of the position of Montenegro in international trade. Through the analysis of the application of FATS statistics, which monitor the operations of these companies in Montenegro, we discovered the economic variables to which the foreign affiliates have made the greatest contribution. Our goal is to assess the benefits of Montenegro’s participation in international trade. The focus of the work is on the calculation of the export of Montenegro through the application of this new statistical concept.

scholarly journals The Statistical Analysis and Forecasting of Ukraine’s Export

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Golubova
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Dollar

In the article the author determined the main directions of foreign economic activity of the country and was established that the main course for Ukraine is foreign trade and international investment activity. The author done analysis of the foreign trade balance of Ukraine for 2017 shows the passive balance of trade balance. The analyzed indicators of foreign trade balance show that in 2017 Ukraine economy was opened (0.93), i. e. it is risk-prone, import-dependent (46.8%), the share of exports in the total amount of the gross domestic product was 45.8%, the coefficient of coverage the export over import was 98%. The calculated coefficient of the international intraspecific specialization of the country shows that Ukraine is import-dependent from the following groups of goods and services: works of art (–75,5%), polymer materials, plastics and articles (–75,0%), means of land transport, aircraft, floating means (–68.4%), optical and photographic equipment (-59.9%), state and government services (–99.5%), royalties (–83.3 %), financial services (–74.2%). The author was determined and substantiated the factors influencing the tendencies of export development of Ukraine, which were the basis of correlation-regression analysis. The export links with all selected factors based on the pair correlation coefficients are analyzed. A high correlation was found between exports with imports (0.987), a rather close but inverse relationship with the US dollar (–0.887), a significant and direct correlation between export of FDI to Ukraine (0.693) and a noticeable but inverse relationship exports with GDP (–0.693) and consumer price index (–0.690). During the analysis, the author built two regressive models of export dependence from import transactions and under the influence of the exchange rate. The author substantiated the effect of the fluctuation of the US dollar exchange rate on exports of goods and services, and predicted Ukraine’s exports in the short period.

scholarly journals The dynamics and the current state of trade and economic ties between Ukraine and CIS countries has been analysed

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
pp. 156-168
Author(s):  
N. Gasuliak
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Economic Ties

The main parameters, structural features, geographical areas of foreign trade relations of Ukraine with the CIS countries has been reviewd, as well as the main problems in the framework of cooperation between Ukraine and these countries has been highlighted. Ke ywords: CIS countries, trade and economic relations, trade in goods, trade in services, volume of exports, imports, trade, balance of foreign trade in goods and services, investments.

scholarly journals Impact of Import and Export on The Ghanaian Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 377-389
Author(s):  
Whajah Samuel Miezah
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller ◽  
Annual Time Series ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Annual Time ◽  
Auto Regression

International trade is a cross-border exchange of goods and services. Ghana, a developing country, is no different from countries that rely heavily on international trade. The study seeks to analyze data obtained from the secondary annual time series for the period 1990 to 2020. Through multiple regression analysis between the trade and the economic growth, Augmented Dickey fuller test, Johansen co-integration test, Vector auto regression test, and Co-variance analysis Vector error cointegration test were used to verify the main hypothesis. The emphasis reveals positive effect of trade on the GDP of Ghana thereby having significant impact on the Ghanaian economy.

scholarly journals Foreign trade competitiveness of the Balkan countries under the conditions of globalization

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Bozic-Miljkovic
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
The State ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
The World ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
Trade Competitiveness ◽  
Economic Nature

The development of international trade on the world scale under the conditions of globalization, more than ever in the economic history has given prominence to the issues of given countries? competitiveness and foreign trade companies. Competitiveness in foreign trade is a complex category affected by the factors of both economic and non-economic nature. With the increase of the degree of liberalization of foreign trade globally, competitiveness represents a very important factor that the results in this particular trade depend on and, consequently, realization of the developmental and stabilization objectives in the progress of trade. The Balkan countries are making efforts, through diverse forms of regional economic networking and economic cooperation, to define their competitiveness in foreign trade in such a way so as to ensure its higher level. The actions of this kind should change their relatively unfavorable position in international trade and improve the state in their foreign trade balance as well as balance of payments. In doing this, they encounter numerous problems of economic and non-economic nature, namely those that still condition their low competitiveness in foreign trade.

scholarly journals International trade of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Petar Mišević
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Member States ◽  
Industry Trade ◽  
Export Orientation ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to analyse the international trade of the EAEU member states. Methodology: The paper is based on the use of indicators such as the trade balance, intra-industry trade, import content of exports, trade openness, and the share of exports in GDP. Results: The results show openness to foreign trade and export orientation of the EAEU member states. Conclusion: The conclusion is that international trade, the rapid growth of export, and trade openness differ significantly between the EAEU member states.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliia Poliakova ◽  
Larysa Yaremko ◽  
Oksana Shayda
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The World

The article is devoted to the analysis of trends in international trade in the conditions of current global challenges, including the pandemic that led to the introduction of quarantine restrictions, lockdown, and closure of national borders causing one of the largest economic crises in the last century. The article also aims to substantiate the role of exports for economic development of countries. Important global trends that have been observed are identified, the processes of development of the sphere of international trade are determined, and the position of the World Trade Organization in the researched issues is highlighted. The article outlines the peculiarities of the application of a number of measures aimed at regulating foreign trade flows including a significant restriction of exports of certain categories of goods and simplification of import procedures for goods needed to combat the pandemic in the countries of the world. An econometric model (a panel regression model) is constructed to illustrate the dependence of the gross domestic product of the twenty leading countries on their exports of goods and services. The study proves that the growth of exports of goods and services will directly lead to GDP growth. It is substantiated that, in the conditions of emergence and long-term action of the trends and with a simultaneous absence of means preventing the negative influence of global factors on international trade in general and foreign trade of separate countries of the world, there is a danger of reduction of their role as an important factor of economic growth. The trends of development of foreign trade of Ukraine are considered in the period of the pandemic, in particular its commodity and geographical structure, rates of change of volumes of trade flows. The stress is laid on the high export-oriented raw materials, the steady trend of import dependence and the preservation of the negative balance of the foreign trade balance of our country. The common features and differences in the processes of foreign trade operations by the EU member states and Ukraine are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the need to create effective response mechanisms at the state level that can reduce the negative impact of global challenges on the country’s foreign trade.

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