scholarly journals REVIEW OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES IN POLICY-MAKING IN THE "RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS"

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Husnu Abadi ◽  
Efendi Ibnususilo ◽  
Rahdiansyah Rahdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
The People ◽  
Tacit Consent ◽  
Government District

Government absolute authorities in the religion affairs is the authority of the central government. In the dynamic development of political, many district that produce regional policy with respect to religion or to follow religious aspirations of local people. Some districts in Riau Province, a county division during the reform, including the district are very concerned about the development in the field of religion. In addition to physical development, the county authority also extend its authority in the religion affairs. Regional policy is embodied in the form of local laws, regulations regent, or Medium Term Development Plan (Plan) Government District in Riau Province. This is possible because there are no clear boundaries of understanding in the rule of religion affairs  formulated by the law on local government. The central government, based on this study, it gives tacit consent when local governments do just that, because the rate it is going to add a lot of partners in the central government district. There is no struggle for power between central government and local governments, but the expansion of the district authority in religious issues involved in managing the government's response is a manifestation of the district in the religious aspirations of the people of the area

scholarly journals World local government control and reference value for Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Dang Phuc Vu ◽  
◽  
Thi Thanh Nga Nguyen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Government Control ◽  
The People ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Control

Control of local governments in countries around the world is very diverse,but mainly divided into two categories: 1) control of state agencies (central government control, court control, control of local power representations); 2) control of social institutions including political party control over local government, control of organizations and public associations, control of the media, and control of the people. The paper focuses on analysing the controlling local governments in some countries, thereby giving reference values for Vietnam.

Building an Infrastructure to Manage Electronic Services

2001 ◽  
pp. 71-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ake Gronlund
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Citizen Interactions ◽  
Stabilizing Factors ◽  
General Technical

For an organization to be able to deliver electronic services efficiently and professionally requires a “service infrastructure” including organizational solutions for logistics and customer (citizen) interactions. This chapter reviews a study covering three years of efforts by nine cities in eight European countries in developing such solutions. Generally, Web projects were seen as technical projects; though in fact issues pertaining to users and organization were most important, they were largely neglected. We found 12 distinct “challenges,” situations where the setting changed and the process was found in a stage of improvisation until new stability was achieved. The challenges fall into four categories, concerning users (4 challenges), organization (6), economy (1) and technology (1). We found that the overall process was largely unstructured and improvised. Stabilizing factors were central government policies (national, European Union), the general technical development, market demands and a cadre of Web agents” fostered within the organizations over years of Web projects. There was typically a missing infrastructure link, a body competent of managing the whole process of bundling services from different service providers and publishing them in a coherent fashion, providing support to service providers during the process of inventing, refining and evaluating services, improving operations and conducting the necessary but typically ignored activities of analysis of service quality and policy making. Our conclusion is that there is a great lack of strategic leadership in the field of electronic services in local governments in Europe. This is a big problem considering the importance of that sector and the challenges it is facing.

Policy-making at local level: an analysis of Turkish municipalities

2018 ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Ulaş Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Radical Transformation

Turkish local governments have undergone a radical transformation since the 1980s. Accompanied by a rhetoric of decentralising and democratising reforms, related legal changes have been criticised in the light of either nationalist or democratic, participatory concerns. At the heart of such important waves of legal reforms lay the municipalities as the main service provider in urban settings. This chapter presents a general overview of the state of policy analysis in Turkish municipalities. It argues that municipalities governed by very strong executives, prioritise populist services delivered through subcontracts and controlled weakly by political and civil actors and arbitrarily by the central government. The classical public policy cycle approach will inform the discussion.

scholarly journals Assessment of Grassroots Empowerment Programs for Economic Development in Anambra State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Abasilim Angela Nneka ◽  
Okhankhuele Omonigho Tonia
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Grassroots Development ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Development Scheme ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

Background: The work is anchored on community development theory and decentralization process which emphasize both a holistic approach to development and transfer of power, functions, competencies, and means from the central government to the regional and local governments at the grassroots.Objective: The study assessed the Anambra State Government’s Grassroots Development Scheme for economic empowerment of community dwellers, in all the local governments of Anambra state, in Southeastern Nigeria. This was with the view to determine the extent of involvement of all the communities in the Government’s Grassroots Development Scheme and the commitment of the people to the purpose for which the development scheme was initiated. Method: The primary source of data was used for the study. The population was made up of all the indigenes of Anambra State. The total number of respondents selected for the study is 975. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Result: The result showed that all the communities were involved in the grassroots development scheme of the Government of Anambra state (χ2=698.211, df =4, p=0.00). The research findings also showed that the communities were committed to the purpose for which the grassroots scheme was initiated (r=0.747, p=0.00). Conclusion: The study, therefore, concludes that all the communities in Anambra State were included in the grassroots development scheme of Anambra State and that the people of Anambra State were committed to the scheme as they embarked on and completed different development projects in the state

scholarly journals Regional Policy and National Development in Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Soon Eun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
National Development ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Decentralization Policy ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Centralized System

This paper analyzes regional and decentralization policy in Korea since 1970s. Each administration in the last 40 years has taken a distinctive approach to regional and decentralizaton policy. The 1970s and 1980s featured a highly centralized system that local administrations contributed to by following central directives and mandates, and the policies that emerged as a result of the Saemaeul movement were important in addressing rural poverty under the Park administration. During the 1990s under the Kim Young-sam and the Kim Daejung administrations, regional policy amounted to regional even-development, and decentralization policy came to underpin regional policy. The Noh administration was the most active in developing simultaneous regional even-development and decentralization policies. The Lee administration changed the equity-oriented direction of the regional policy pursued by the Noh administration to an efficiencyoriented one. The regional policies discussed in this paper have been amended over time and in line with different political and economic circumstances in an attempt to generate relationships between the central government and local governments that will enable the country to achieve national goals in an efficient and effective way.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KOTA SURABAYA DALAM PENUMBUHAN BUDAYA BACA DI KALANGAN PELAJAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Hendrik ◽  
Lukman Solihin ◽  
Noviyanti Noviyanti ◽  
Indah Pratiwi ◽  
Kaisar Julizar
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Literacy Programs ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Literacy Events ◽  
The People ◽  
Reading Interest

This article is aimed at describing the role of Surabaya City Administration in nurturing the culture of reading. Presevious studies show that literacy level in Indonesia is relatively low. Inspite of its achievement in eradicating illiteracy, Indonesia has not managed nurturing the culture of reading. In decentralization era, local governments (provincial and regency/city) have vital roles in policy making. They have wider spaces for innovations and creativities in developing their societies and regions, based on the authorities that the central government transferred to them. This context made it possible for the Surabaya City Administration to make policies supporting the nurturing of the culture of reading. This article is based on a field research using qualitative method conducted in Surabaya City. The data of the research resulted from interviews with relevant parties, they are personnel of the Office of Educational Affairs of Surabaya City and the Board of Archive and Library of Surabaya City, and also desk studies. The findings of the research show that in the middle of limited policy instruments available for nurturing literacy, especially nurturing the culture of reading, Surabaya City Administration declared itself as a “city of literacy”, followed by many policies supporting the development of literacy. Those policies are the issuance of literacy-supporting regulations, synergy among related government agencies, human resources development, implementation of literacy events, and education ecosystem envionment. The result of the policies is the increase in the reading interest of the people supported by sustainable literacy programs.

scholarly journals The Urgency Of Creating Regional Regulations For Supporting The Implementation Of Regional Autonomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Lies Ariany ◽  
Risni Ristiawati
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Level

The Regional government which carried out based on the principle of autonomy as wide as possible implies that the regions are given the authority to regulate and manage all their own affairs. So, this study tried to conduct a study of normative law to further examine the nature of the implementation of regional autonomy, and the second tried to analyze the role of regional regulations in order to support the implementation of regional autonomy through library research using the statute approach and conceptual approach. The results of the study indicated that one of the important ideals and rationalities for implementing regional autonomy was to make the policy process closer to the society, not only in the central government. For this reason, authority needs to be given so that local governments can take their own initiative to make decisions regarding the interests of the local community through laws at the local government level. Thus, the contents of the Regional Regulations are to accommodate the interests of the people in the regions in order to achieve happiness and prosperity that is distributed equally to the people in the area.Pemerintah daerah dilaksanakan berdasarkan prinsip otonomi yaitu memberi dan melaksanakan rumah tangga itu sendiri. Untuk alasan ini, penelitian ini adalah studi hukum normatif untuk memeriksa lebih lanjut tentang pelaksanaan otonomi daerah dan pendekatan lain yang dapat dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan perpustakaan menggunakan pendekatan Statuta dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salah satu cita-cita dan rasionalitas penting pelaksanaan otonomi daerah adalah membuat proses lebih dekat dengan masyarakat, tidak hanya di pemerintah pusat. Untuk alasan ini, perlu mengisi ruang sehingga pemerintah dapat mengambil inisiatif sendiri untuk membuat keputusan tentang lingkungan masyarakat melalui peraturan di tingkat pemerintah daerah. Ini adalah konten materi dari Peraturan Daerah pada dasarnya untuk mengakomodasi manfaat masyarakat di daerah dalam rangka mencapai kebahagiaan dan kemakmuran yang didistribusikan secara merata kepada orang-orang di daerah tersebut.(The regional government is carried out based on the principle of autonomy is giving and carrying out the household itself. For this reason, the research is normative legal studies to examine more about the implementation of regional autonomy and other approaches that can be analyzed using the library approach using the Statute approach and the conceptual approach. The results of the study show that one of the important ideals and rationalities of the implementation of regional autonomy is to make the process closer to the community, not only in the central government. For this reason, it is necessary to fill the space so that the government can take its own initiative to make decisions about the community environment through a regulation at the regional government level. This is the material content of the Regional Regulation is essentially to accommodate the benefits of the community in the area in order to achieve happiness and prosperity that is evenly distributed to the people in the area). 

scholarly journals How Human Rights Cross-Pollinate and Take Root: Local Governments and Refugees in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-157
Author(s):  
Elif Durmuş
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Refugee Policies ◽  
Failure To Protect ◽  
Central Government Agencies

AbstractThe human rights regime—as law, institutions and practice—has been facing criticism for decades regarding its effectiveness, particularly in terms of unsatisfactory overall implementation and the failure to protect the most vulnerable who do not enjoy the protection of their States: refugees. Turkey is the country hosting the largest refugee population, with around four million at the end of May 2020 (https://www.unhcr.org/tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2020/06/UNHCR-Turkey-Operational-Update-May-2020.pdf). As an administratively centralised country, Turkey’s migration policy is implemented by central government agencies, but this has not proved sufficient to guarantee the human rights of refugees on the ground. Meanwhile, in connection with urbanisation, decentralisation and globalisation, local governments around the world are receiving increasing attention from migration studies, political science, law, sociology and anthropology. In human rights scholarship, the localisation of human rights and the potential role of local governments have been presented as ways to counter the shortcomings in the effectiveness of the human rights regime and discourse. While local governments may have much untapped potential, a thorough analysis of the inequalities between local governments in terms of access to resources and opportunities is essential. The Turkish local governments which form the basis of this research, operate in a context of legal ambiguity concerning their competences and obligations in the area of migration. They also have to deal with large differences when it comes to resources and workload. In practice, therefore, there is extreme divergence amongst municipalities in the extent to which they engage with refugee policies. This chapter seeks to answer the question why and how certain local governments in Turkey come to proactively engage in policy-making that improves the realisation of refugees’ rights. Exploratory grounded field research among Turkish local governments reveals four main factors that enable and facilitate the engagement of local governments in refugee policies: (1) the capacity of and institutionalisation in local governments; (2) the dissemination of practices and norms surrounding good local migration and rights-based governance through networks; (3) the availability of cooperation and coordination with other actors in the field, and (4) political will. Collectively, these factors illustrate how a new norm—the norm that local governments can and ought to engage in policy-making improving the rights of refugees—is cross-pollinating and taking root among Turkish local governments. This understanding will provide valuable insights into how norms are developed, travel and are institutionalised within social and institutional networks, and how differences in access, capacity, political and cooperative opportunities may facilitate and obscure the path to policies improving human rights on the ground.

Policy analysis in Turkey’s central government: current practices and future challenges

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Uğur Sadioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
The People ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Government Level ◽  
Transcendental State

Turkey has witnessed a comprehensive transformation in its political-administrative structure and policy making actors since the 1980s, at which point Turkey started to pull away from its traditional ‘transcendental state’ tradition. While the central government expanded, especially within the prime ministry, and became a policy making centre, the external dynamics resulted in the creation of independent regulatory organisations, privatisation policies, NPM reforms and decentralisation. However, the dynamics of internal politics came to the fore and the referendum that was passed for the direct election of the president by the people in 2007 brought radical changes to the ministerial system in 2011, structured around the prime ministry. The adoption of a presidential government system in principle strengthened the central government again, triggering discussions on ‘re-centralisation’. In this chapter, the policy actors and dynamics that have been influential in the post-1980 period at the central government level in Turkey are examined from a constitutional-institutional perspective, transformations caused by administrative reforms in the field of policy making are evaluated and finally the transformation and challenges facing the presidential system and central government are analysed.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidikan Melalui Desentralisasi Pendidikan

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-233
Author(s):  
Toifur Toifur
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Area ◽  
The People ◽  
Government Power ◽  
Intellectual Capacity ◽  
The Will ◽  
Decentralization Of Education ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Along with the passing of decentralization of education, it is the impact of government decentralization as a form of Law Number 22 of 1999. Decentralization of education is not just deconcentralization of the central government power delivered to the autonomous regions, but the decentralization of education regarding the very basic problem, namely education belongs to the people and for the people, the process of developing social capital and intellectual capacity of a nation. In this case, the development of education sector in each autonomous region to be conducted. This means that, given the will to organize, empower, reforming the learning process and develop a local curriculum in accordance with the needs and characteristics of the local area. Success or failure of autonomy or the decentralization of education in the era of regional autonomy is determined by three factors which strongly support, namely, the central government, local governments, and schools. Each of these factors has different roles. Yet the differences are owned does not mean nothing related to each other, even the differences are a job distribution, which are mutually support and sustain a successful application in the concept of autonomy and decentralization of education. It may therefore be understood that decentralization provides an opportunity and vast opportunities for each educational unit to improve the quality of education. Keywords: Decentralization, Education Quality, the Education Unit.

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