Policy analysis in Turkey’s central government: current practices and future challenges
Turkey has witnessed a comprehensive transformation in its political-administrative structure and policy making actors since the 1980s, at which point Turkey started to pull away from its traditional ‘transcendental state’ tradition. While the central government expanded, especially within the prime ministry, and became a policy making centre, the external dynamics resulted in the creation of independent regulatory organisations, privatisation policies, NPM reforms and decentralisation. However, the dynamics of internal politics came to the fore and the referendum that was passed for the direct election of the president by the people in 2007 brought radical changes to the ministerial system in 2011, structured around the prime ministry. The adoption of a presidential government system in principle strengthened the central government again, triggering discussions on ‘re-centralisation’. In this chapter, the policy actors and dynamics that have been influential in the post-1980 period at the central government level in Turkey are examined from a constitutional-institutional perspective, transformations caused by administrative reforms in the field of policy making are evaluated and finally the transformation and challenges facing the presidential system and central government are analysed.