scholarly journals Characteristics of CoVID-19 in children: the first experience in the hospital of st. Petersburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Dondurey ◽  
L. N. Isankina ◽  
O. I. Afanasyeva ◽  
A. V. Titeva ◽  
T. V. Vishnevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Test ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Objective: to identify the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of the new coronavirus (CV) infection in the provision of specialized medical care to children in the megalopolis of the Russian Federation. Methods: 674 cases of hospitalization of patients from birth to 17 years old inclusive with confirmed COVID-19 in the period from March 26 to June 26, 2020 in a children’s multidisciplinary hospital in St. Petersburg. Diagnostics of SARS-COV-2 in upper respiratory tract (URT) smears was carried out by PCR (a set of reagents for detecting RNA of coronavirus 2019-nCoV by PCR with hybridization-fluorescence detection “Vector-PCRRV-2019-nCoV-RG”). Patients underwent 4 (3; 5) repeated examinations depending on the diagnosis of the referral, as well as the duration of the convalescent virus carriage. The analysis of the severity of the course of the disease, the main clinical manifestations and their relationship with the development of pneumonia, as well as the epidemiological features of COVID-19 in children. The duration of inpatient treatment, outcomes and the need for intensive care are described. Changes in a number of laboratory parameters on analyzers made in the USA were assessed: a clinical blood test on a hematological one - Coulter UniCel (Beckman Coulter), a biochemical blood test on a biochemical one - Uni Cel DxC (Beckman Coulter), a coagulogram on a hemostasis analyzer (Instrumentation Laboratory). Results: Overall, there was a favorable course of COVID-19 in children. Intensive therapy was required only in 3.6% of cases with a total mortality rate of 0.15%, Kawasakilike syndrome was recorded in 0.3% of cases. In 1/3 of patients, prolonged viral shedding from the upper respiratory tract was detected. In children, intrafamilial infection from adults was in the lead; schoolchildren accounted for half of all hospitalizations. A distinctive feature of the new infection was mild clinical symptoms with fever and catarrhal symptoms up to 4/5 of cases, gastrointestinal symptoms - in every third patient. There were no significant differences in the severity of the disease by age. Pneumonia, diagnosed in ¾ cases by computed tomography, complicated the course in 13.1% of cases. The defeat of the lungs was accompanied by fever and dry cough, and in a more severe course: desaturation, chest pains, a feeling of insufficiency of inspiration. The age peaks of the incidence of pneumonia were revealed: at 4, 9, 12 years old and at the age of 17 years, the maximum (in 1/3 of cases). Laboratory changes were insignificant and quickly reversible. Conclusion: the course of COVID-19 in children in the megalopolis of Russia is comparable with foreign information. However, taking into account the experience of “Spanish ‘flu”, it is possible that in pediatric practice the number of severe forms and unfavorable outcomes may change in the near future, especially due to the difficulty of diagnosing Kawasaki-like syndrome and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of such patients. Currently, the most vulnerable to the new CV are children with severe oncological, neurological and cardiovascular pathology, who have a rapid decompensation of the underlying disease against the background of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Coronavirus disease in children in the Omsk region

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Yu. B. Belan ◽  
E. A. Gashina ◽  
E. Lobova ◽  
L. A. Bezrukova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Damage ◽  
The City

The study of the infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is highly relevant. Objective: To study the clinical and epidemiological features of a new coronavirus infection in children in the city of Omsk and the Omsk region during the 2020 epidemic. Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of 68 children aged 1—18 years diagnosed with new coronavirus disease and receiving medical treatment in Infectious Diseases Hospital of City Children's Clinical Hospital № in Omsk between April and September 2020. In all children, the diagnosis was confirmed by examination of nasopharyngeal / oropharyngeal swabs for RNA SARS-CoV-2 by PCR. Results. Among those hospitalized prevailed children over 10 years old (61.7%), no reliable difference based on sex was observed. 83.8% of children contacted with COVID-19-infected people. Most children had the new coronavirus infection in mild form (61.8%) with upper respiratory tract damage. Pneumonia was recorded only in 16.2% of examined children over the age of 10. The key clinical symptoms in childhood were: yawn hyperemia, fever and cough. Impaired sense of smell in the form of hyposmia and anosmia developed only in children over the age of 10. Leukopenia detection in blood in moderate forms correlated with the presence of pneumonia. Conclusion. Given the mild course of COVID-19 in children, early isolation and treatment on an outpatient basis should be considered the most effective approach to patient management.

scholarly journals Features of clinical manifestations and complications of acute respiratory infections in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
E. Р. Merkulova
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Paediatric Practice ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

The article presents data on the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections in paediatric practice. The following complications may pose health risks: sinusitis, acute suppurative otitis media and chronic tonsillitis. The authors provide statistical data on the prevalence of these complications, a multivariate analysis of the clinical symptoms of the diseases, the main symptoms of which are temperature reaction, leucocytosis, regenerative left shift, increased ESR. Special attention is paid to the choice of antipyretic agents that affect not only the fever, but also the inflammatory reaction of the upper respiratory tract mucosa, which may quickly ease the symptoms of the disease.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory findings of patients with the possible diagnosis of influenza hospitalized in affiliated hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2015-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Javanian ◽  
Arefeh Babazadeh ◽  
Soheil Ebrahimpour ◽  
Mehran Shokri ◽  
Masomeh Bayani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract The clinical and para clinical manifestations of influenza in various patients have range from an autoimmune disease to a life-threatening respiratory infection. In addition, the severity of the disease is influenced by factors such as demographic factors, underlying diseases, and immune response. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological characteristics of patients with this type of influenza in Babol (north of Iran). This study was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study from October 2015 to March 2016. Subsequently, in this study, records of 123 patients with clinical signs of the influenza-like disease who have undergone the clinical sign in hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences were reviewed. Of 123 patients admitted to a possible diagnosis of influenza, 58 patients (47.2%) were PCR positive for H1N1, while seventy nine (64.2%) participants were women and 21 (17.1%) had diabetes or underlying lung disease. Most of the involved age groups were of individuals above the age of 50. These were followed by the 21-35 years-old. Fever (78%), cough (65.9%), shivering (58.5%) and myalgia (56.1%) were the most common clinical symptoms. Increased levels of transaminases (43.1%), leukocytosis (35.8%) and thrombocytopenia (34.2%) were as well reported in patients as the most frequently reported para clinical findings. In the present study, the most usual clinical symptoms were fever, cough, chill, and myalgia, while gastrointestinal symptoms were also noticeably observed in patients. In an experimental study, a significant number of patients showed leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia and increased transaminases.

scholarly journals Pediatric COVID-19 and the Factors That May Mitigate Its Clinical Course

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e137-e140
Author(s):  
Mosaad Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Nada M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Dina M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Noha Azab
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Compulsory Vaccination ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Radiographic Data

AbstractThe clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary from mild flu-like symptoms to severe fatal pneumonia. However, children with COVID-19 may be asymptomatic or may have mild clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical features of pediatric COVID-19 and to search for the factors that may mitigate the disease course. We reviewed the literature to realize the clinical features, laboratory, and radiographic data that may be diagnostic for COVID-19 among children. Also, we studied the factors that may affect the clinical course of the disease. Fever, dry cough, and fatigue are the main symptoms of pediatric COVID-19, sometimes flu-like symptoms and/or gastrointestinal symptoms may be present. Although some infected children may be asymptomatic, a recent unusual hyperinflammatory reaction with overlapping features of Kawasaki's disease and toxic shock syndrome in pediatric COVID-19 has been occasionally reported. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronvirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid testing is the corner-stone method for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Lymphocyte count and other inflammatory markers are not essentially diagnostic; however, chest computed tomography is highly specific. Factors that may mitigate the severity of pediatric COVID-19 are home confinement with limited children activity, trained immunity caused by compulsory vaccination, the response of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in children is not the same as in adults, and that children are less likely to have comorbidities. As infected children may be asymptomatic or may have only mild respiratory and/or gastrointestinal symptoms that might be missed, all children for families who have a member diagnosed with COVID-19 should be investigated.

CLINIC AND COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS DISEASE WITH PATHOGENESIS ELEMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
I. V. Аndrusovich
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract

The longer the COVID−19 coronavirus pandemic lasts, the more information about its clinical manifestations is accumulated. The incubation period of COVID−19 ranges from 2 to 14 days, rarely up to 3 weeks, but in a significant number of cases an infection is not accompanied with the appearance of clinical symptoms. Currently, the following variants of the clinical course of COVID−19 can be identified as follows: viral load; subclinical; slight; uncomplicated with damage to only the upper respiratory tract; mild pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, etc. The clinical course of COVID−19 depends on the severity, the criteria of which are the intoxication manifestation, the degree of fever and the dominant syndrome. Mild / moderate forms are manifested by frequent increase in body temperature up to 38 ° C, respiratory symptoms, headache, myalgias, palpitations and general malaise. Patients stop distinguishing smells and feel the taste of food. Approximately from the 7th to the 9th days of the disease there are problems with breathing, which indicates the impairment of the lower respiratory tract and the beginning of the second phase of the disease, and its course is regarded as severe. Severe forms of the disease can also be manifested by impaired coordination of movements, slurred speech. In 1 to 4 % of patients there is developed the psychosis in the form of hallucinations. In the elderly, COVID−19 may be accompanied by delirium, lowering blood pressure. The risks of adverse disease are associated with somatic diseases: cardiovascular and nervous systems, respiratory tract, hormonal disorders, etc. Otitis, sinusitis, sepsis, bronchopulmonary infection, thrombosis, myocarditis etc. can be the complications of COVID−19. Computer tomography is an instrumental test that demonstrates the damage of lungs with coronavirus and allows to assess its severity. Key words: coronavirus infection, COVID−19, clinical variants, severity, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome.

scholarly journals Complex treatment of diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses at the present time

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
V. M. Svistushkin ◽  
K. V. Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Pain Symptoms

The search for rational treatment of diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is due to the high incidence among the world's population. Despite the absolutely clear recommendations that would seem to greatly facilitate the choice and scope of therapy, it is extremely important to have a differentiated approach to each patient, depending on age, concomitant pathology, the nature of the course of the disease, the severity of clinical, primarily pain symptoms, and the presence of rhinogenic complications. Differential diagnosis of viral and bacterial acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) allows to avoid unreasonable prescription of antibiotics in the former case and choose therapy in such a way as to help relieve clinical symptoms, timely cure the disease and prevent complications. A systematic review of the literature was conducted with the analysis of scientific research data on the evaluation of the effectiveness of protargol or silver proteinate in the local treatment of upper respiratory tract diseases. A review of studies shows that silver proteinate has astringent, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects. The spectrum of antimicrobial action of silver is much wider than many antibiotics and sulfonamides. At the same time, pathogenic microflora is more sensitive to silver ions than non-pathogenic microflora. The analysis of the works also demonstrates the absence of adverse reactions when using this drug. The obtained data allow us to recommend preparations based on silver proteinate as a complex therapy for acute and chronic diseases of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The vasoconstrictive effect of protargol allows it to be used as an alternative to decongestants in order to avoid the development of drug-induced rhinitis and tachyphylaxis. Sialor® is a new, convenient, affordable, longer-shelf-life form of silver proteinate.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic in children of Сhernivtsi region: clinical features and annual treatment experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
O.K. Кoloskova ◽  
T.M. Bilous ◽  
N.V. Gopko ◽  
M.B. Myroniuk
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
The Third ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Background. The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been going on for more than a year and is a problem for the health care system worldwide. At the same time, there are few studies on the peculiarities of COVID-19 in children, in particular how clinical symptoms have changed during the year with the change of types of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Objective was to conduct a retrospective generalized analysis of the clinical course, laboratory markers and features of treatment in pediatric cases of ­COVID-19 in Chernivtsi region. Materials and me­thods. Using the retrospective cohort method, 263 clinical cases of ­COVID-19 in children of the Chernivtsi region hospitalized for the period of March 2020 — March 2021 were analyzed. Results. In this work, a dynamic analysis was performed of the clinical features of ­COVID-19 course in the population of children of Chernivtsi region, who were hospitalized during March 2020 — March 2021 at inpatient departments with signs of infection caused by ­SARS-CoV-2. The first group included 65 patients who were treated in the second quarter of 2020, the second group consisted of 90 children who underwent inpatient treatment in the third quarter of 2020, the third group included 87 children who were treated in the fourth quarter of 2020, and the fourth group consisted of 21 children who underwent inpatient treatment in the first quarter of 2021. It was found that the frequency of complaints of malaise was due to infectious-inflammatory, intoxication and catarrhal symptom complexes, although in contrast to the onset of the pandemic, the complaints and signs of intoxication and asthenic syndromes, infectious-inflammatory syndromes, nonspecific neurological symptoms increased with a relatively stable rate of lesions of the upper respiratory tract. In the first quarter of 2021, there was an increase in cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (odds ratio = 6.5) and community-acquired pneumonia (odds ratio = 2.7). Conclusions. A dynamic analysis of the course of COVID-19 in children has demonstrated phenotypic deviations of the disease with torpidity to the prescribed treatment for nonspecific symptoms of disorders of the nervous system and gastrointestinal tract with a decrease in duration and severity of fever, increased incidence of pneumonia (odds ratio = 2.7) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (odds ratio = 6.5).

Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Wysocki
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Loss Of Strength

COVID-19 manifests itself in a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, both in terms of their variety and severity. It can be asymptomatic or abortive, mild, moderate, severe and lightning, as septic with multiple organ failure and shock Typical leading symptoms of COVID-19 are: high fever poorly responding to drugs, severe loss of strength, chest pain, dyspnoea, pain headaches, bone and joint pain and muscle pain, until the onset of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, many publications mention among the possible symptoms also others, not related to the involvement of the lower respiratory tract. These are gastrointestinal disorders, damage to the central and peripheral nervous system, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract and dysfunctions of the sensory organs. The aim of this literature review was to determine the frequency of various head and neck dysfunctions that are part of COVID-19. Symptoms of conjunctivitis, nasal mucosa, pharynx and larynx are reported by about of patients, but they do not always occur at the same time, as in infections caused, for example, by rhinoviruses. Anosmi / hyposmia or ageusia / hypogeusia occur with a similar frequency. Symptoms of damage to the equilibrium system, such as dizziness, are reported by approx. 1/3, vertigo and hearing loss approx. 5-6%, tinnitus approx. 10% of patients. Reports of coexistence with COVID-19 of peripheral paresis of the facial nerve are so far relatively few and often included in the neurological disorders, the frequency of which is also about 1/3 of COVID-19 cases. Importantly, both catarrhal symptoms and the others listed here may precede, co-occur or follow the appearance of the leading symptoms of COVID-19. They can also be the only symptoms of this disease. This should prompt otorhinolaryngologists to be particularly vigilant in this regard

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