scholarly journals Genetic characterization and molecular mapping of novel chlorophyll deficiency gene in air-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Zeinalabedin Shahadati-Moghaddam ◽  
Danial Kahrizi ◽  
Elham Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chlorophyll Deficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Deficiency Gene ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
High Chlorophyll Content

This study was performed to genetical and morphological investigation of a novel chlorophyll deficiency gene in tobacco leaf. One low chlorophyll content (LCC) variety (Urumieh 2) and high chlorophyll content (HCC) variety (Burley Ree 103) from the Burley type was crossed and the F2 generation was grown on the field. One hundred plants were selected, contained low and high chlorophyll content. These plants were sampled and DNA was extracted. Sixty RAPD primers were tested on parents, LCC and HCC Bulks based on Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA). Chi-square test confirmed the monogenic segregation. Regresion analysis showed that there was strong relationship between greenness degree and chlorophyll contents. Four primers (OPE17, OPC09, OPB08 and OPR02) showed polymorphism and after the test on 97 samples from the F2 generation two markers were selected (OPB08-1050 and OPC09-1900). That showed 15.9 and 10.8 CM distance from chlorophyll locus respectively.

scholarly journals Relationship of Personal Hygiene and Environmental Conditions with Complaints of Skin Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Sumantri Alikhan Sains
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village

Based on data from the Tikep Health Center, for the last three years Waturempe Village has become the village with the highest incidence of skin diseases and accounts for almost 50% of skin diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and environmental conditions in Waturempe Village. The population in this study were all heads who live in Waturempe Village as many as 120 heads of families (KK). The sample size was 92 respondents, taken by simple random sampling. The data were obtained using a questionnaire then analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the chi square test. The results showed that there was a strong relationship between personal hygiene (X²hit=39,21 2> X²tab = 3,841), moisture (X²hit=36,655 > X²tab=3,841), temperature (X²hit=45,126 > X²tab=3,841), natural lighting (X²hit=29,362> X²tab=3,841), and occupancy density (X²hit=27,273 > X²tab=3,841) with complaints of skin diseases. There was a moderate relationship between water quality and complaints of skin diseases (X²hit=19,354 > X²tab=3,841). It is expected that the community always maintains personal hygiene and improves condition of the home environment and is always aware of the transmission of skin diseases.

scholarly journals The Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Hospitalized Patients' Families in the Effort to Prevent COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anies Dewi Wirati Indraswari ◽  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has also hit Indonesia. Until September 2020, cases continued to increase with the highest number in Jakarta. The right behavior needs to be followed to prevent COVID-19; this aspect has a strong relationship with knowledge and attitude. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of hospitalized patients' families in Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, in an effort to prevent COVID-19. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitude, and behavior about COVID-19. The relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behavior was analyzed using the chi-square test with p < 0.05. Results Most of the participants responded to the questionnaire showing a good knowledge, attitude, and behavior related to the efforts to prevent COVID-19. No relationship was present between knowledge, attitude, and behavior in an effort to prevent COVID-19 (p = 0.414 and p = 0.165). Conclusion The hospitalized patients' families exhibited an adequate level of knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ASPEK SOSIAL DENGAN KEPUTUSAN NELAYAN DALAM PEMASARAN HASIL PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG BARAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Asmaida Asmaida
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Relationship Closeness ◽  
Marketing Decision ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Product Marketing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study aims to find out fishermen descrition involving :1) relationship between knowledge and product marketing decision. 2) The relation between trust and their decision in product marketing. Survey method was used in this research  on two districts selected purposively. Chi Square test was used to know the relation between knowledge and trust with . produk marketing decision, hence the relationship closeness was calculated by its contingency degree. The results of this reserch  showed: 1) there was a significantlty correlation between knowledge and product marketing decision, (χ2 (32,143)> χ2table (3,481) at α =5%), with strong relationship (0.43). 2) there was a significanttly relationship between the trush level with the . product marketing decision (χ2 (9,964) > χ2tabel (3,481) at α= 5%,, but had  less strong relationship closeness (0,255).Keywords: Knowledge Level, trush Level, Decision of Fisherman AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat : 1) Hubungan pengetahuan dengan keputusan dalam pemasaran hasil perikanan tangkap. 2) Hubungan kepercayaan dengan keputusan dalam pemasaran hasil perikanan tangkap. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei terhadap dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat yang dipilih secara purposif. Dalam penelitian ini uji Chi Square, digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara pengetahuan dan kepercayaan dengan keputusan dalam pemasaran hasil produk yang selanjutnya keeratan hubungan  dapat terlihat dengan menghitung derajat kontingensinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan : 1) terdapat hubungan yang nyata antara pengetahuan dengan keputusan dalam pemasaran hasil perikanan tangkap, dimana nilai χ2hit (32,143) > χ2tabel (3,481) pada derajat kesempurnaan 95%, dengan memiliki derajat keeratan hubungan yang kuat (0,43).  2) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kepercayaan dengan keputusan pemasaran produk dalam pemasaran hasil produk (χ2 (9,964) ≥ χ2tabel (3,481)) pada α= 5%, dengan  keeratan hubungan yang kurang kuat (0,255).Kata Kunci : Tingkat Pengetahuan, Tingkat Kepercayaan, Keputusan Nelayan Tangkap

scholarly journals Pola SegregasiKarakter KetahananTanaman Kedelai(Glycine max [L]. Merrill)Terhadap Infeksi Soybean Mosaic Virus Populasi F2 Keturunan Taichung X Tanggamus

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidya Wanda ◽  
Maimun Barmawi ◽  
Hasriadi Mat Akin ◽  
Nyimas Sa’diyah
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
F2 Generation

This study aims to determine the pattern of segregation character soybean plant resistance to infection SMV and other agronomic characters as well as many genes that play a role in the inheritance of these traits in the F2 populations from crosses Taichung x Tanggamus follow of Mendel ratio or a modification of expectations and knowing the number of crosses. This research was conducted at the Laboratory LapanganTerpadu Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from September 2013 until January 2014, and then continued in the laboratory observations Seed and Plant Breeding, University of Lampung. Propagation of virus carried in Kampung Baru, Bandar Lampung. This research uses experimental design without repetition with a single treatment design nested structured data is analyzed using the chi-square test for the suitability of the normal distribution and chi-squared test to test the of Mendel ratio and modifications . The results of this study indicate the character frequency distribution of plant height, grain weight per plant soybeans F2 generation from crosses Taichung x Tanggamus normal spread, while the frequency distribution for character flowering age, harvesting, healthy seed number per plant, number of productive branches, number of pods per plants and severity of disease spread is not normal. Estimates of the number of genes that control the character of harvesting is controlled by two genes are recessive epistasis duplicate the ratio 9: 7, days to flowering follow the ratio 1: 2: 1 which is controlled by a single gene that reacts not perfect, healthy character of the number of seeds per plant followed the ratio 3: 1 and for the total character of pods per plant, number of productive branches as well as the severity of the disease follows the ratio of 13: 3. the character dikendalikanolehdua genes dominant-recessive epistasis react. There are 21 numbers belonging expectations resistant to SMV. Keywords: Soybean, segregation, resistance characteristics, and SMV.

scholarly journals Países mais Transparentes são mais Democráticos?

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Silva Diniz Leroy ◽  
Antônio Carlos Brunozi Júnior ◽  
Lucimar Antônio Cabral de Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fiscal Transparency ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Levels

Objective: to evaluate the relationship between fiscal transparency and the degree of democracy of countries.Method: to measure the proxies, the Open Budget Index and Democracy Index indicators were used, with data from 2006 to 2019, which were evaluated through Exploratory Data Analysis, Correlation test and Chi-square test of independence.Results: in general, there is a significant, positive and strong relationship between fiscal transparency and the degree of democracy of countries, especially when countries with distinct performances are grouped together. However, this relationship can exhibit very distinct behavior, depending on the region in which the country is located.Originality/Relevance: there is a higher incidence of transparency studies at regional and local levels, to the detriment of transnational investigations. In addition, understanding transparency as a fundamental principle for the consolidation of a Democratic State, it is expected that there will be a direct relationship between the measured variables. However, we highlight the recent contradictory findings of Arapis and Reitano (2018), who found a negative relationship between these two indicators, contrary to the theory and previous literature on the subject.Theoretical/methodological contributions: as established by the literature, the findings shown here are sufficient to disagree with the conclusions of Arapis and Reitano (2018), and confirm that more democratic countries tend to have greater transparency regarding their budget information.Social contributions/for management: tax transparency is an important instrument of social control in a democratic society, however, from a certain degree of democracy, there are no significant differences in tax transparency rates between countries.

scholarly journals PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL BEHAVIOR THROUGH TRANSPORT POLICY MEASURES

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na'asah Nasrudin ◽  
Yusfida Ayu Abdullah ◽  
Oliver Ling Hoon Leh
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Willingness To Use

This paper examines how transport policy measures have influenced travel behaviour to promote sustainable transportation. Data were collected through a survey on 384 vehicle users to represent the 36 sections of Shah Alam, Selangor. This paper also studied the readiness of an urban population to reduce car usage. Maj ority of the respondents stated that the increase in petrol and toll prices would be the key factors to reduce car use, and more provision of public transport would encourage them to use public transport. However, Chi-square test showed that the willingness of the respondents to use public transport has a strong relationship with the frequency of driving a vehicle. The level of willingness to use public transport is lower when a car is used more frequently. Results also suggested that the majority of the respondents were not ready to consider cycling and walking as alternatives.

scholarly journals Similarity analysis of the patterns of the monthly electric energy demand time series

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Paweł Pełka
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Sequence Patterns ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Correlation Tables

The similarity analysis of the monthly electric energy demand time series sequence patterns are shown. The similarity-based forecasting models are allowed to be created because a strong relationship between input and output patterns exists. The chi-square test and the correlation tables were calculated for a few definitions of patterns.

scholarly journals PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL BEHAVIOR THROUGH TRANSPORT POLICY MEASURES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na'sah Nasrudin ◽  
Yusfida Ayu Abdullah ◽  
Oliver Ling Hoon Leh
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Willingness To Use

This paper examines how transport policy measures have influenced travel behaviour to promote sustainable transportation. Data were collected through a survey on 384 vehicle users to represent the 36 sections of Shah Alam, Selangor. This paper also studied the readiness of an urban population to reduce car usage. Maj ority of the respondents stated that the increase in petrol and toll prices would be the key factors to reduce car use, and more provision of public transport would encourage them to use public transport. However, Chi-square test showed that the willingness of the respondents to use public transport has a strong relationship with the frequency of driving a vehicle. The level of willingness to use public transport is lower when a car is used more frequently. Results also suggested that the majority of the respondents were not ready to consider cycling and walking as alternatives.

scholarly journals Social-Psychological Determinants Of Anxiety Disorder (SAD) Among Youth (With Reference To Karachi University)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Rana Saba Sultan ◽  
Ambreen Akber ◽  
Erum Zarrar
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Log Linear

The present study is “A study of Causes of Anxiety Disorder (SAD) among youth of Karachi University; deals with behavior patterns and expected to reflect on the type of society and its attitude towards SAD. The present research is an exploratory research. This study is based on the concept of level of sadness among youth of Karachi University. The mixed research approach quantitative and qualitative was adopted. The population of the study was Karachi University students; 120 students were selected through purposive sampling. Five hypotheses were formulated, from which three were accepted and two were rejected. Hence it is proved that there is a relationship between level of sadness with parents and gender, and this is also proved that there is a relationship between sadness and marital status and hence it is also proved that there is a relationship between level of troubled with appearance and gender, it is also found that there is a strong relationship between problem in decision making and cultural background and level of feeling of sadness and age. To test the hypotheses, statistical methods were applied to the data described in the contingency tables. The chi-square test was applied to test the existence of the relationship between two variables of hypothesis, and if the null hypothesis is rejected then the log linear models were also used to measure the degree of relationship. The hypotheses were then finally interpreted and the results were obtained.

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