scholarly journals Variation in allelopathic tolerance of vetch cultivars to Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Natalia Georgieva ◽  
Ivelina Nikolova ◽  
Valentin Kosev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design

Using allelopathic tolerance of crops and cultivars is considered a promising supplement to weed control strategies. In order to evaluate the allelopathic tolerance of vetch cultivars to Sorghum halepense extracts in germination and initial growth of the crop, a multi-factorial lab experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental factors were nine vetch cultivars (?Liya?, ?Lorina?, ?Moldovskaya?, ?Obrazets 666?, ?Asko?, ?Violeta?, ?Viola?, ?Beta WP?, and ?Panonskaya?), two aqueous extracts (of shoot and root biomass of S. halepense) and four concentrations of the extracts (1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0% and distilled water as a control). An analysis of variance showed a significant influence of the studied factors. The results revealed variation in responses of the nine cultivars to the allelopathic effect of S. halepense. The extracts applied at different concentrations had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination (from 2.8 to 27.3% for different cultivars), germ length (from 4.6 to 48.7%) and germ weight (from 3.6 to 34.0%). The lowest concentration (1.0%) also had a stimulating effect on growth parameters, most pronouncedly in two cultivars (?Beta WP? and ?Viola?). Total effects of the weed extracts on seed germination and initial development selected ?Beta WP?, ?Violeta? and ?Obrazets 666? as the most tolerant cultivars, as opposed to ?Liya? and ?Panonskaya?, which were more sensitive. The cultivars with seeds that have greater biomass per 1000 seeds, higher seedling vigour index and protein content were found to be less sensitive to the suppressing effect of S. halepense extracts. These cultivars can be successfully used in organic fields with high density of S. halepense or in a conventional production system with a reduced use of herbicides.

scholarly journals Allelopathic tolerance of pea cultivars to Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Georgieva ◽  
Ivelina Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Impact

In order to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Sorghum halepense extracts on germination and initial growth of six pea (Pisum sativum subsp. sativum, Pisum sativum subsp. arvense) cultivars and to identify tolerant cultivars, a laboratory experiment was conducted. The studied cultivars revealed different levels of susceptibility to allelopathic impact of root and aboveground biomass extracts of S. halepense. Root growth parameters (length and weight) of the pea cultivars exhibited greater susceptibility to weed extracts than stem parameters. The inhibitory effects of the extracts on germ length of P. sativum ranged from 1.4% (cultivar Mir) to 45.0% (Kamerton), on germ weight - from 3.5% (Pleven 4) to 42.9% (K-80), and on seed germination - from 11.8% (Mir) to 31.3% (K-80). Total inhibitory effect, i.e. the impact of S. halepense extracts on all studied parameters of P. sativum, revealed that the cultivars Mir and Pleven 4 were the most tolerant. Growing such cultivars may reduce weed damage. Low tolerance was manifested by the cultivar K-80, while Modus, Glyans and Kamerton ranked intermediate. The cultivars with large-size seeds or lower grain protein content were more affected by the depressing effect of S. halepense extracts.

Allelopathic Potency and an Active Substance from Hairy Vetch

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Sun ◽  
Guofeng Yang ◽  
Lili Cong ◽  
Juan Sun ◽  
Lichao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Background: Plant allelopathy refers to the release of chemicals from plants or microorganisms into the environment, may have direct or indirect, beneficial or harmful effects on other plants or microorganisms. When plants grow in an unfavorable environment,more allelochemicals will be secreted and the expression of allelopathic effects will increase, giving plants a certain competitive advantage. Hairy vetch is one of the most promising allelopathic crops and the aqueous extract of hairy vetch has an inhibitory effect on the root length and seedling height of grass crops. The current study aimed to study the allelopathic effect of hairy vetch on alfalfa, and exploring an ecological method to remove the root system of alfalfa.Methods: In this experiment, the allelopathic effects of the seeds, stems and leaves, roots extracts and root exudates (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg·mL-1) on the seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa were evaluated. And the main allelopathic substances from the stem and leaf extract were isolated and identified using high performance liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).Result: The results showed that all of the extracts can inhibit alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth and stem and leaf extract had the strongest inhibitory effect, especially for inhibiting the root growth. A main allelochemical substance, o-coumaric acid, was screened out and the root length of alfalfa was completely inhibited at 1.6 mg·mL-1 of o-coumaric acid. The findings of these experiments show hairy vetch has strong allelopathic effect on alfalfa and o-coumaric acid is a chemical growth inhibitor.

scholarly journals Germination and initial development of canola and radish submitted to castor leaves aqueous extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon ◽  
Adriana Tourinho Salamoni ◽  
Luan Cutti ◽  
Adalin Cezar Morais de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Radish Seed

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) leaves on germination and initial growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings. Two experiments were conducted, usingcanola seeds for the first, which was installed in a 2x7 factorial scheme (with two photoperiods – dark and light and seven extracts concentrations - 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32%). The second experiment consisted of an evaluation of radish seed germination submitted to seven concentrations of the extracts in the dark photoperiod. The germination of the canola seeds was reduced in the dark, and the use of extracts at concentrations of 16% and 32%inhibited seeds germination for both studied photoperiods. The radish seed germination was completely inhibited when the concentration of 32% was used, however, at the concentrations of 4, 8 and 16% a reduction on rootand hypocoyl development of the seedlings were observed, affirming the high allelopathic potential of castor bean aqueous extracts on canola and radish.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Sowing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Golden Shower Tree) Senna fistula L

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1547-1550
Author(s):  
O.A. Majekodunmi ◽  
I.O. Abiola ◽  
A.M. Aderemi ◽  
J.O. Adedipe ◽  
O.G. Ogunwale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study investigated the effect of sowing media on the seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of Senna fistula L. Treatments were T1 (Top soil), T2 (River sand), T3 (Grinded coconut husk) and T4 (weathered sawdust), replicated two times for seed germination. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the data generated was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance, while mean separation where appropriate was done using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The different sowing media used had positive effect on the seed emergence, the seeds planted in river sand had the highest emergence percentage of 70%. The different sowing media used did not have any significant effect on the vegetative growth parameters, statistically, they had same effect on the parameters measured. Nonetheless, seedlings from river sand produced highest number of leave (20.4), seedlings from topsoil produced highest plant height and largest leaf area of l0.62 cm and 37.l4 cm2 respectively. The seedlings from weathered sawdust produced the highest stem diameter of 0.79 mm, while seedlings from grinded coconut husk had lowest values for all the growth parameters measured. Therefore, it is recommended that river sand or weathered sawdust can be used to propagate Senna fistula seeds.

scholarly journals Initial development of lettuce in vermicompost at higher trichoderma doses

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Maria MS Wiethan ◽  
Gabriel S Bortolin ◽  
Renata S Pinto ◽  
Antonio Carlos F Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Emergency Stabilization ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the initial development, as well as, the chemical characteristics of lettuce plants grown in substrate with high concentrations of bioagent (trichoderma). A completely randomized design with four replicates was used. The treatments, applied to a substrate composed of a blend of vermicompost and commercial substrate, were established by the following doses of the commercial product ICB Nutrissolo Trichoderma: T1) 0.0; T2) 1.0; T3) 2.0; T4) 4.0; T5) 8.0 and T6) 16.0x1011 conidia kg-1 of product. After inoculation, the substrate was placed in trays, where 50 lettuce seeds were sown on each replication. Plants were thinned after emergency stabilization, maintaining ten seedlings per tray. At 28 days after sowing, the characteristics percentage and emergence speed index, leaf area, fresh and dry leaf biomass, volume, length and surface area of the root were evaluated. We also determined the chemical characteristics of the leaves. The percentage of seed germination and the emergence speed index were lower at doses higher than 4.0x1011 conidia kg-1 of the biological product. All the studied doses influenced negatively in shoot and root development of the plants. The percentage of nutrients in the leaves was higher in treatments with ICB.

scholarly journals Growing levels of goat biofertilizer in the initial growth of the pepper

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Davy Frazão Lima ◽  
Antonio Caio de Jesus ◽  
Diego De Almeida Veras ◽  
Ramón Yuri Ferreira Pereira ◽  
Dário De Sousa Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Chili Peppers

Biofertilizers have been used in agroecological production with the aim of improving conditions for plant development. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of the application of biofertilizer on the initial development of chili peppers (Capsicum frutescens L.). The experiment was installed and conducted under field conditions from October to December 2018, in Chapadinha, city located in Maranhão. A completely randomized design was used, with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions. The experiment corresponded to the application of biofertilizer in concentrations T1: 0%, T2: 20%, T3: 40%, T4: 60% of goat biofertilizer diluted in water. The goat biofertilizer was made using 25 kg of fresh goat manure, 200 g of ash and 500 g of brazilian candy called rapadura. Seedlings with eight definitive leaves were transplanted 0.8 x 1 m apart. The first application of the biofertilizer was performed 15 days after transplanting and the following applications of the biofertilizer were carried out at 10-day intervals until data collection. At 60 days after transplantation, data for each variable were collected. It was observed that the variables responded well to the biofertilizer, revealing significant increases in the growth and development of the pepper plant. It is recommended 4 (four) applications of doses of goat biofertilizer with a concentration between 46% (460 ml L-1) to 48% (480 ml L-1) to obtain pepper seedlings with good phytotechnical quality, because in this range the best results were found for most of the analyzed variables.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of Pinus roxburghii on an understorey plant, Bidens pilosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neel Kant Sharma* ◽  
Daizy R. Batish ◽  
Harminder Pal Singh ◽  
R. K. Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Needle Litter ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays ◽  
Understorey Plant

Allelopathic effect of Pinus roxburghii was studied on Bidens pilosa through laboratory and greenhouse experiments. The aqueous extracts of green needles, needle litter and bark were found to inhibit germination and initial growth of B. pilosa in laboratory bioassays. The inhibitory effect on germination root length, shoot length and biomass was also observed on amendment of powdered needle litter in soil in greenhouse pots. The inhibitory effect increased with increase in conc. of extracts or amount of litter amended. The amended soil was found to be rich in phenolics, the known potent allelochemics. The study indicates that such interactions may also be operational in forests of P. roxburghii.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Leaf Extract of Two Wild Plants on Seed Germination, Shoot and Root Lengths of Two Weed Species; Portulacaoleracea and Chenopodium murale

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Chenopodium Murale

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of leaf extract of Rhanterium epapposum and Salsola imbricata at various concentrations (20%, 40%, and 60%) on the germination and shoot and root lengths of two weed species; Portulaca oleracea and Chenopodium murale. The present study findings proved that the inhibitory effect of seed germination and shoot and root lengths of the studied species was largely dependent on the concentration of R. epapposum and S.imbricata leaf extract. The results showed that the highest allelopathic effect on the germination of the seeds of C.murale by leaf extract of R. epapposum and S. imbricata especially at concentration of 40% and 60% . While the lowest effect was of the leaf extract of S.imbricata. However the concentration of 60% was higher on the germination of the seeds C. murale and P. oleracea. Results also showed that the root and shoot lengths of C. murael was more sensitive to allelochemicals of R. epapposum leaf extract compared to S.imbricata leaf extract. However, the root and shoot lengths of P. oleracea was more sensitive to allelochemicals of S. imbricata leaf extract compared to R.epapposum leaf extract. Hence, the present findings recommended using the R. epapposum leaf extract and S. imbricata leaf extract as a tool for weed management especially C. murale and P. oleracea.

scholarly journals The allelopathic effect of Taraxacum officinale F.G. Wigg on the seeds germination and initial growth of Lolium westerwoldicum R.Br.

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Jankowska ◽  
Grażyna A. Ciepiela ◽  
Jacek Sosnowski ◽  
Roman Kolczarek ◽  
Kazimierz Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Common Dandelion ◽  
Seeds Germination

The common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> F.H. Wigg) is a perennial plant often found in large concentrations in the sward of natural meadows. This species expands quickly, displacing other species. In literature there is a lack of data relating to the effect of common dandelion on plants growing in its vicinity. It is also not known why this species creates large clusters. Perhaps it competes with different plants through the allelopathic effect. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of water extracts from leaves and roots of common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i>) as well as soil extracts from the root layer of this species on seed germination and the initial growth of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i> R.Br. The investigated material comprised leaves and roots of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>. The germination biotest most often used in experiments was applied. The seeds germination energy of westerwolds ryegrass was most inhibited by plant extracts prepared from roots and leaves of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>. The germination ability of seeds of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i> was the highest in the treatments in which soil extracts were applied; however, the value of this feature was limited to a larger extent by the plant extracts from leaves of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> than from roots. Higher concentrations of both soil and plant solutions had an inhibitory effect both on root growth and the growth of the leaf sheath and leaves of westerwolds ryegrass. The results of the tested parameters can confirm the allelopathic effect of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> on germination and initial growth of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i>, and especially that of extracts prepared from leaves.

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