scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of Pinus roxburghii on an understorey plant, Bidens pilosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neel Kant Sharma* ◽  
Daizy R. Batish ◽  
Harminder Pal Singh ◽  
R. K. Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Needle Litter ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays ◽  
Understorey Plant

Allelopathic effect of Pinus roxburghii was studied on Bidens pilosa through laboratory and greenhouse experiments. The aqueous extracts of green needles, needle litter and bark were found to inhibit germination and initial growth of B. pilosa in laboratory bioassays. The inhibitory effect on germination root length, shoot length and biomass was also observed on amendment of powdered needle litter in soil in greenhouse pots. The inhibitory effect increased with increase in conc. of extracts or amount of litter amended. The amended soil was found to be rich in phenolics, the known potent allelochemics. The study indicates that such interactions may also be operational in forests of P. roxburghii.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of Celtis australis on germination and growth parameters of some important food crops of the Garhwal Himalayas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1010
Author(s):  
Neha Pant ◽  
V. P. Khanduri ◽  
R. S. Bali ◽  
Pravin Rawat ◽  
Ram Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Celtis Australis

Present study was conducted to assess the allelopathic effect of leaf and bark aqueous extracts of Celtis australis on Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Brassica rapa, Lens culinaris and Vigna umbellate under In-vitro condition. Different leaf and bark aqueous extracts 5%, 10%, and 15% were used to irrigate the seeds of test crops. The results revealed that the concentration dependent significant (p=0.05) inhibitory effect of aqueous leaf and bark extracts on germination, root and shoot length of all the test crops. Among all the test crops Triticum aestivum was found most sensitive where the germination percentage was reduced down to 46.0% by the leaf extract (15%) as compared to control (82.3%), while the maximum inhibition in the root length of  Lens culinaris (0.5 cm) by 10% leaf extract was observed as compare to control (8.2 cm). In shoot length maximum inhibitory effect was observed in Hordeum vulgare (3.5 cm) as compared to control (13.3 cm). Similarly, the bark extract showed the maximum inhibition in germination percentage of Lens culinaris (41.6%) at 15% concentration as compare to control (70.0%) while the maximum inhibition for the root length was recorded in Triticum aestivum (1.9 cm) at 15% concentration as compare to control (17.3 cm). In shoot length maximum inhibition was observed for Triticum aestivum (1.3 cm) at 10% extract level as compare to control (13.4 cm), while Vigna umbellate (5.5 cm) at 15% concentration showed stimulatory effect as compare to control (3.4 cm) exceptionally. Finally, it is concluded that Vigna umbellate exhibited the maximum tolerance against leaf and bark aqueous and might be a better option for intercropping with C. australis. However, the allelopathic effect on the other test crops can be minimized by removing the fallen leaves from the agricultural fields.

scholarly journals Evaluation for performance of maize and rice on aqueous leaf extracts of Flemingia semialata Roxb. -underutilized legumes in Mizoram, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalidas Upadhyaya ◽  
B. Gopichand ◽  
Kalidas Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Cent Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

The allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf extracts of Flemingia semialata Roxb. a leguminous herbs was used to examined its effect on growth and yield of Zea mays L. and Oryza sativa L. at different concentrations in laboratory bioassays. The extracts show both inhibitory and stimulatory effect on the test crops. Significant stimulatory effects were observed in 50 and 75 per cent concentration for root length and 25 per cent for shoot length in maize. Stimulatory effect on the root length of rice were observed at lower concentrations, however inhibitory effect were observed on the shoot length whereby the inhibitory effect increases with increase in the concentration of extracts. The inhibitory effect on biomass yield was observed at lower concentration in maize but inhibitory effect was more pronounced in rice at higher concentrations. Aqueous leaf extract of Flemingia semialata Roxb. performed better in maize than in rice.

scholarly journals The allelopathic effect of Taraxacum officinale F.G. Wigg on the seeds germination and initial growth of Lolium westerwoldicum R.Br.

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Jankowska ◽  
Grażyna A. Ciepiela ◽  
Jacek Sosnowski ◽  
Roman Kolczarek ◽  
Kazimierz Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Common Dandelion ◽  
Seeds Germination

The common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> F.H. Wigg) is a perennial plant often found in large concentrations in the sward of natural meadows. This species expands quickly, displacing other species. In literature there is a lack of data relating to the effect of common dandelion on plants growing in its vicinity. It is also not known why this species creates large clusters. Perhaps it competes with different plants through the allelopathic effect. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of water extracts from leaves and roots of common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i>) as well as soil extracts from the root layer of this species on seed germination and the initial growth of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i> R.Br. The investigated material comprised leaves and roots of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>. The germination biotest most often used in experiments was applied. The seeds germination energy of westerwolds ryegrass was most inhibited by plant extracts prepared from roots and leaves of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>. The germination ability of seeds of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i> was the highest in the treatments in which soil extracts were applied; however, the value of this feature was limited to a larger extent by the plant extracts from leaves of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> than from roots. Higher concentrations of both soil and plant solutions had an inhibitory effect both on root growth and the growth of the leaf sheath and leaves of westerwolds ryegrass. The results of the tested parameters can confirm the allelopathic effect of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> on germination and initial growth of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i>, and especially that of extracts prepared from leaves.

Inhibitory Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Tree-legumes on Germination and Seedling Growth of Food Legume, Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbarasu Mariyappillai ◽  
Swaminathan Chitraputhira Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Vigour Index

Background: Green gram (Vigna radiata), the third most important pulse crop, is grown in tank-fed, command areas after the harvest of paddy. In such areas, legume trees like Delonix regia and Peltophorum pterocarpum are commonly found and tree parts often fell in watercourses and were flown to crop fields along with irrigation water. Hence, it is necessary to study whether any allelopathic effect is present in these parts of trees which may affect the growth and development of green gram grown in farmland crops. Methods: Collected different tree parts viz., bark, leaf and fresh flower, a matured pod of Delonix regia and Peltophorum pterocarpum, cleaned and soaked distilled water at weight/volume ratio of 1:10 for 24 hrs. Aqueous extracts were filtered and tested for inhibition of green gram. Pot culture experiments were conducted with 10 treatments and four replications. Germination (%), shoot length (cm), root length (cm), fresh weight (mg), dry weight (mg), seedling vigour index-I and vigour index-II in green gram were recorded and the magnitude of inhibition versus simulation in bioassay was compared through response index.Result: Among the plant parts, Delonix regia flower and Peltophorum pterocarpum matured pods suppressed germination (45.00 and 60.00%), shoot length (13.87 and 13.39 cm), root length (4.27 and 10.49 cm), seedling vigour index-I (624.15 and 803.40) and seedling vigour index-II (960.75 and 948.00) respectively in green gram. This might due to presence of inhibitory chemicals in flowers of Delonix regia and matured pods of Peltophorum pterocarpum compared to other plant parts of trees.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of exotic plants on the physiological potential of seeds of native species of caatinga

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Fraga Silva ◽  
Halina Stéffany Lopes Costa ◽  
Jesimiel Silva Viana ◽  
Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Diego Sousa Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Invasive Exotic

The introduction of species is one of the major causes of biodiversity loss. Invasive exotic plants adapt, propagate and dominate, damaging both natural processes and native species. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of three exotic species in the caatinga, on the physiological quality of native forest seeds. Aqueous extracts of leaves of Azadirachta indica, Prosopis juliflora and Cryptostegia madagascariensis were tested to evaluate their effect on the seed germination and seedling vigor of Piptadenia moniliformis, Mimosa tenuiflora and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia. Seed germination of M. tenuiflora was inhibited by the aqueous extracts of P. juliflora and A. indica in 100% and 42%, respectively, with a reduced GVI with the extracts of P. juliflora and C. madagascariensis. Regarding AEI, P. juliflora extract had positive effect on P. moniliformis seeds and negative on M. tenuiflora seeds, close to -1. A reduction in height of P. moniliformis was observed when the seedlings were in contact with the extracts of the invasive plants studied. For M. tenuiflora, the extract of P. juliflora prevented the formation of seedlings, and M. caesalpiniaefolia presented higher inhibitory effect with extracts of P. juliflora and A. indica. Therefore, M. tenuiflora showed to be sensitive to P. juliflora phytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and toxicity of Crambe abyssinica Hochst extracts on Solanum lycopersicum L., Euphorbia heterophylla L., Bidens pilosa L. and Glycine max (L.) Merril

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Spiassi ◽  
Andréa Maria Teixeira Fortes ◽  
Luciana Pagliosa Carvalho Guedes ◽  
Gislaine Piccolo de Lima ◽  
Rennan Oliveira Meira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

This study aimed to identify the main groups of secondary compounds from Crambe abyssinica and evaluate the bioactivity of the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts on the seed germination and seedling development of tomato, wild poinsettia, hairy beggartick and soybean. The phytochemical screening considered the presence or absence of total saponins, triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, phenols and alkaloids. In the seeds it was evaluated: germination percentage, germination velocity index, average germination time, index of allelopathic effects, shoot and root length and seedlings dry matter. In the phytochemical screening it was observed that each solvent extracted different compounds. Flavonoids were found only in the ethyl acetate extract and saponin only in the methanol extract. A high allelopathic effect of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of crambe on the bio-indicator species tomato was observed. The hexane and ethyl acetate extracts also showed inhibitory effect on the weed hairy beggartick and did not present negative effects on soybean. There is the possibility of isolating the bio-active compounds of crambe and use them as a bio-herbicide to the alternative control of the weed hairy beggartick.

The effects of Triplochiton scleroxylon aqueous extracts on initial growth of some vegetable crops in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
S. Abugre
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The effect of Triplochiton scleroxylon (wawa) aqueousextracts were tested on the seeds of tomato (Lycopersicumesculentum), pepper (Capsicum annuum ) and garden egg (Solanummelongena ) in the pathology laboratory of the Forestry Research Institute of Ghana (FORIG). Aqueous extracts of T. scleroxylon leaves (L) and roots (R) were prepared at different concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% and applied to the seeds. The effects of these treatments were assessed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 replications. The findings showed that all the vegetable crops were affected by the different concentrations of the leaf and roots aqueous extracts (P<0.05). Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison indicated that the inhibitory effect was positively correlated with concentration of the extracts. The higher extract concentrations (6%-8%) had stronger inhibitory effect whereas; in some cases the lower concentration (2%-4%) showed stimulatory effect during germination. The radicles were more susceptible to the effect of the extracts than the plumules. The germination of L.esculentum was highly inhibited in growth by 51.4% in both the leaf and root extracts. Similarly, C.annuum recorded the highest inhibitory effect on radicle length by 72.5% in the leaf extract whilst, the highest inhibitory effects in plumule was 44%. The overall results point to an allelopathic inhibitory effect of T. scleroxylon on the three vegetable crops.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Sorghum bicolor at Different Phenological Stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. ZUCARELI ◽  
E.M.P. COELHO ◽  
W.V. FERNANDES ◽  
E.M. PERES ◽  
J. STRACIERI
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Bioindicator Species ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of the shoot of Sorghum bicolor at different phenological stages on seed germination and initial growth of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) seedlings, which is considered a bioindicator species. The experiment was carried out at five development stages of S. bicolor (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 days after emergence), which was used as aqueous extract at six concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) applied in four replications per treatment in 10 or 50 kale seeds per plot. The percentage of germination, germination rate index, root growth, shoot length, and dry matter of kale seedlings were analyzed in the presence of this extract on different days of collection and concentrations. The aqueous extract of S. bicolor presented an allelopathic effect on germination and initial growth of kale seeds, with a higher inhibitory effect when more concentrated extracts from pre-flowering plants were used, which corresponds to 60 days after emergence. Thus, this stage should be recommended in the use of S. bicolor straw to help in controlling weeds.

scholarly journals Effect of Sweet Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) Cogermination and Aqueous Extracts on Maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Dorina Bonea ◽  
Viorica Urechean
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Origanum Majorana

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the allelopathic effect of sweet marjoram (O. majorana) on the germination and early stages of maize seedlings. Two experiments were performed under laboratory conditions (in Petri dishes). In the first experience, Origanum majorana seeds were cogerminated with maize (Zea mays) seeds in the same Petri dish. For the second experience were used aqueous extracts from fresh and dry aboveground biomass of the sweet marjoram (stem, leaves) in concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3%. Cogermination of O. majorana with maize seeds has significantly stimulated the germination index (Gi) and growth of maize seedlings. Aqueous extracts of sweet marjoram in a concentration of 1% and 2% have significantly stimulated shoot length of maize. On the other hand, aqueous extracts at a concentration of 3% significantly inhibited root length of maize. These results suggest that the cogermination with sweet marjoram seeds may be an alternative to biostimulation of maize initial growth, and aqueous extracts in low concentrations could be used as growth bioregulators.

scholarly journals EFEITO ALELOPÁTICO DE EXTRATOS AQUOSOS DE Prosopis juliflora (SW.) D.C. NA EMERGÊNCIA E NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE PLÂNTULAS DE Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD.) POIRET

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Romualdo Medeiros Cortez Costa ◽  
Antonio Lucineudo de Oliveira Freire
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Mimosa Tenuiflora

Os efeitos da liberação de aleloquímicos de uma espécie sobre outra podem resultar em danos ecológicos aos ecossistemas, como a facilitação de estabilização e povoamento de espécies invasoras. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos alelopáticos de partes vegetais da algaroba, espécie invasora, sobre a emergência e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de jurema-preta, espécie nativa da Caatinga. Prepararam-se extratos aquosos de folhas, cascas e raízes da algaroba, usando 125 g de material vegetal para cada 500 mL de água destilada, nas concentrações 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%. Foram utilizados tubetes de 55 cm3 preenchidos com solo. Distribuíram-se os tratamentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com quatro repetições, cada uma com cinco tubetes. Avaliaram-se a porcentagem de emergência, altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e peso seco de folhas, caule, raiz, parte aérea e total. A exceção do extrato de casca a 100% no peso seco total, todos os extratos causaram efeitos deletérios a emergência e plântulas de jurema-preta, sendo o extrato de raiz a 100%, o responsável pela maior redução na porcentagem de emergência, 33%, em compração com o tratamento controle.Palavra-chave: alelopatia, algaroba, invasão biológica, jurema-preta, semiárido. ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF Prosopis juliflora (SW.) DC IN THE EMERGENCE AND INITIAL GROWTH OF Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD.) Poiret SEEDLINGS ABSTRACT:The effects of allelochemicals release of one species over another may result in ecological damage to ecosystems, such as facilitating the stabilization and settlement of invasive species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of different plant parts of Prosopis juliflora, invasive species, emergence and early growth of Mimosa tenuiflora, native species of Caatinga. The aqueous extracts of leaves, barks and roots from the algaroba were prepared at a ratio of 125 g of plant material to 500 ml of distilled water, diluted at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. For emergence and early growth, tubes were used in 55 cm3, with application of the extracts every 15 days. The treatments were also distributed in DIC, with four replications and five tubes by repetition. We evaluated the percentage of emergence, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, dry weight of leaves, stem, root, aerial and total parts. With the exception of 100% bark extract on the total dry weight of all the extracts caused deleterious effects the emergence and seedling jurema-preta, being the extract of root to 100%, responsible for the greater reduction in the percentage of emergency, 33%, in purchase with the control treatment.Keywords: allelopathy, algaroba, biological invasion, jurema-preta, semiarid. DOI:

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